Towards a marine sdi: A methodology to allow metadata interoperability

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Al62Cu25Fe12 and Quasicrystalline Phases and Their Influence on Oxidation

In this article, we will cover a study of the formation of icosahedral and decagonal phases two quasicrystals Al62Cu25Fe12 and Al65Ni15Co20 oxidation of influence in this alloy. For this purpose, research used the diffraction of X-ray, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The results displayed found aspects of morphological structural as well as the surface of the two compositions of quasicrystals, these were prepared and obtained in electric arc furnaces and induction and arc. Oxidation of Al62Cu25Fe12 alloy, intermetallic phases presented with combinations of alloying elements and above 675 °C it was observed that the crystalline phase is stable. In icosahedral phase oxidation of aluminum forms a dense layer on the passivating outer most surface of the quasicrystal which causes depletion in both copper and iron. In Al65Ni15Co20 nominal composition of oxygen interaction occurs on the surface of symmetry 10 times plane perpendicular vector. The formation of a thin film of aluminum oxide having well-ordered hexagonal structure and with the opposition area decagonal phase with the lateral size of approximately 35Å. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v9i1.87

Evaluación de Trichoderma spp. y Acibenzolar-S-Metil (Bion®) como inductores de resistencia a la pudrición blanca Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. en ajo (Allium sativum L.) bajo Condiciones de campo

Inducers of biotic and abiotic resistance emerge as an alternative for the management of garlic white rot caused by thefungus Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. To evaluate the effect of these inducers on crop yield variables, final diseaseincidence (DI), the area under the curve of disease progress (AUDPC) and variables associated with plant growth andyield of garlic, and experiment was set, using the fungi Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningiopsis with Bion® underfield conditions in a randomized block design with eight treatments and four replications were incorporated. Thetreatments were conformed as follows: control, Trichoderma harzianum under commercial formulas Tricobiol® (Tri), Subiol® (S), T. koningiopsis (Tk), Bion® (B), T. koningiopsis + Bion (Tk+ B), Subiol Bion (S+B) and Bion +Tricobiol(Tri+ B). The higher yields and growth variables correspond to those plants treated with Tk+ B treatment andcoincided with some of the lowest AUDPC. The lower (DI) was observed when applied Tk, Tk +B and Tri. Theseresults indicated that the greatest protection against the disease was achieved with the combination of the antagonistwith the chemical reflected in a decrease of AUDPC and a delay in the peak of infection. The total yield of garlicincreased in the treatments in which both inducers and that stimulated plant productivity and thus the developmentand defense. Los inductores de resistencia bióticos y abióticos surgen como alternativa para el manejo de la pudrición blanca en ajocausada por el hongo Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. Para evaluar el efecto de dichos inductores sobre las variablesrendimiento del cultivo, incidencia final de la enfermedad (IE), el área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad(ABCPE) y las variables asociadas a crecimiento y producción en plantas de ajo, se incorporaron los hongosTrichoderma harzianum y T. koningiopsis con Bion® bajo condiciones de campo, en un diseño de bloques al azar conocho tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos quedaron conformados de la siguiente forma: Testigo,Trichoderma harzianum bajo las formulas comerciales Tricobiol® (Tri), Subiol® (S), T. koningiopsis (Tk), Bion® (B),T. koningiopsis + Bion (Tk+B), Subiol+Bion (S+B) y Tricobiol + Bion (Tri+B). Los mayores rendimientos yvariables de crecimiento corresponden a aquellas plantas tratadas con el tratamiento Tk + B y coincidió con unas delas menores ABCPE. La menor IE fue observada cuando se aplicó Tk, T.k + B y Tri. Estos resultados indicaron que lamayor protección frente a la enfermedad se logró con la combinación del antagonista con el compuesto químicoreflejado en un descenso del ABCPE y un retraso en los picos de infección. El rendimiento total del ajo, aumentó enlos tratamientos donde se combinaron ambos inductores ya que estimularon la productividad de la planta y por ende eldesarrollo y la defensa de las mismas

Al62Cu25Fe12 and Quasicrystalline Phases and Their Influence on Oxidation

In this article, we will cover a study of the formation of icosahedral and decagonal phases two quasicrystals Al62Cu25Fe12 and Al65Ni15Co20 oxidation of influence in this alloy. For this purpose, research used the diffraction of X-ray, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The results displayed found aspects of morphological structural as well as the surface of the two compositions of quasicrystals, these were prepared and obtained in electric arc furnaces and induction and arc. Oxidation of Al62Cu25Fe12 alloy, intermetallic phases presented with combinations of alloying elements and above 675 °C it was observed that the crystalline phase is stable. In icosahedral phase oxidation of aluminum forms a dense layer on the passivating outer most surface of the quasicrystal which causes depletion in both copper and iron. In Al65Ni15Co20 nominal composition of oxygen interaction occurs on the surface of symmetry 10 times plane perpendicular vector. The formation of a thin film of aluminum oxide having well-ordered hexagonal structure and with the opposition area decagonal phase with the lateral size of approximately 35Å. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v9i1.87

The chemically zoned 1949 eruption on La Palma (Canary Islands): Petrologic evolution and magma supply dynamics of a rift zone eruption

The 1949 rift zone eruption along the Cumbre Vieja ridge on La Palma involved three eruptive centers, 3 km spaced apart, and was chemically and mineralogically zoned. Duraznero crater erupted tephrite for 14 days and shut down upon the opening of Llano del Banco, a fissure that issued first tephrite and, after 3 days, basanite. Hoyo Negro crater opened 4 days later and erupted basanite, tephrite, and phonotephrite, while Llano del Banco continued to issue basanite. The eruption ended with Duraznero erupting basanite with abundant crustal and mantle xenoliths. The tephrites and basanites from Duraznero and Llano del Banco show narrow compositional ranges and define a bimodal suite. Each batch ascended and evolved separately without significant intermixing, as did the Hoyo Negro basanite, which formed at lower degrees of melting. The magmas fractionated clinopyroxene +olivine±kaersutite±Ti-magnetite at 600–800 MPa and possibly 800–1100 MPa. Abundant reversely zoned phenocrysts reflect mixing with evolved melts at mantle depths. Probably as early as 1936, Hoyo Negro basanite entered the deep rift system at 200–350 MPa. Some shallower pockets of this basanite evolved to phonotephrite through differentiation and assimilation of wall rock. A few months prior to eruption, a mixing event in the mantle may have triggered the final ascent of the magmas. Most of the erupted tephrite and basanite ascended from mantle depths within hours to days without prolonged storage in crustal reservoirs. The Cumbre Vieja rift zone differs from the rift zones of Kilauea volcano (Hawaii) in lacking a summit caldera or a summit reservoir feeding the rift system and in being smaller and less active with most of the rift magma solidifying between eruptions

Broad-band high-resolution rotational spectroscopy for laboratory astrophysics

We present a new experimental set-up devoted to the study of gas phase molecules and processes using broad-band high spectral resolution rotational spectroscopy. A reactor chamber is equipped with radio receivers similar to those used by radio astronomers to search for molecular emission in space. The whole range of the Q (31.5-50 GHz) and W bands (72-116.5 GHz) is available for rotational spectroscopy observations. The receivers are equipped with 16 × 2.5 GHz fast Fourier transform spectrometers with a spectral resolution of 38.14 kHz allowing the simultaneous observation of the complete Q band and one-third of the W band. The whole W band can be observed in three settings in which the Q band is always observed. Species such as CH3CN, OCS, and SO2 are detected, together with many of their isotopologues and vibrationally excited states, in very short observing times. The system permits automatic overnight observations, and integration times as long as 2.4 × 105 s have been reached. The chamber is equipped with a radiofrequency source to produce cold plasmas, and with four ultraviolet lamps to study photochemical processes. Plasmas of CH4, N2, CH3CN, NH3, O2, and H2, among other species, have been generated and the molecular products easily identified by the rotational spectrum, and via mass spectrometry and optical spectroscopy. Finally, the rotational spectrum of the lowest energy conformer of CH3CH2NHCHO (N-ethylformamide), a molecule previously characterized in microwave rotational spectroscopy, has been measured up to 116.5 GHz, allowing the accurate determination of its rotational and distortion constants and its search in space.We thank the European Research Council for funding support under Synergy Grant ERC-2013-SyG, G.A. 610256 (NANOCOSMOS). IT, VJH, and JLD acknowledge additional partial support from the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) through grant FIS2016-77726-C3-1-P. JAMG, LM, and GS acknowledge additional partial support from the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) through grant MAT2017-85089-C2-1R. We thank David López Romero for his help during the process of installation, commissioning, and cleaning of the chamber. We would like to thank Kremena Makasheva for the useful comments and suggestions during the experiments with Hexamethyldisiloxane. We would also like to thank Rosa Lebrón, Jesús Quintanilla, and Cristina Soria for providing us with the sample of N-ethylformamide. Sandra I. Ramírez acknowledges support from the FONCICYT under grant number 291842. Celina Bermúdez thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación y Universidades for the Juan de la Cierva grant FJCI-2016-27983

OBSERVATORIO TERRITORIAL Y AMBIENTAL ALENTEJO, EXTREMADURA, CENTRO (OTALEX C): DE GIS A IDE.

In the scope of the Spain-Portugal INTERREG projects and FEDER funded POCTEP program, OTALEX C (Territorial and Environmental Monitoring Alentejo Extremadura Center) project aims at studying of various territorial, socioeconomic and environmental indicators. It is the fundamental objective of this project, to develop a geo-portal accessible via internet, for anyone, so that the information will be useful in making decisions related to land use and therefore sustainable development of the environment. Under this general framework over the past fifteen years, we have developed different projects that have set the standardization of data between Portugal and Spain, also was designed GIS systems, and developed regional models and indicator systems, culminating in the current Spatial Data Infrastructure SDI-OTALEX C

Detection and Tertiary Treatment Technologies of Poly-and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Wastewater Treatment Plants

PFAS are a very diverse group of anthropogenic chemicals used in various consumer and industrial products. The properties that characterize are their low degradability as well as their resistance to water, oil and heat. This results in their high persistence in the environment and bioaccumulation in different organisms, causing many adverse effects on the environment as well as in human health. Some of their effects remain unknown to this day. As there are thousands of registered PFAS, it is difficult to apply traditional technologies for an efficient removal and detection for all. This has made it difficult for wastewater treatment plants to remove or degrade PFAS before discharging the effluents into the environment. Also, monitoring these contaminants depends mostly on chromatography-based methods, which require expensive equipment and consumables, making it difficult to detect PFAS in the environment. The detection of PFAS in the environment, and the development of technologies to be implemented in tertiary treatment of wastewater treatment plants are topics of high concern. This study focuses on analyzing and discussing the mechanisms of occurrence, migration, transformation, and fate of PFAS in the environment, as well the main adverse effects in the environment and human health. The following work reviews the recent advances in the development of PFAS detection technologies (biosensors, electrochemical sensors, microfluidic devices), and removal/degradation methods (electrochemical degradation, enzymatic transformation, advanced oxidation, photocatalytic degradation). Understanding the risks to public health and identifying the routes of production, transportation, exposure to PFAS is extremely important to implement regulations for the detection and removal of PFAS in wastewater and the environment.This work is part of the project entitled “Contaminantes emergentes y prioritarios en las aguas reutilizadas en agricultura: riesgos y efectos en suelos, producción agrícola y entorno ambiental” funded by CSIC-Tecnológico de Monterrey under i-Link + program (LINKB20030).Peer reviewe

First report on dung beetles in intra-Amazonian savannahs in Roraima, Brazil

This is the first study to address the dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) diversity in intra-Amazonian savannahs in the state of Roraima, Brazil. Our aim was to survey the dung beetle fauna associated with these savannahs (regionally called 'lavrado'), since little is known about the dung beetles from this environment. We conducted three field samples using pitfall traps baited with human dung in savannah areas near the city of Boa Vista during the rainy seasons of 1996, 1997, and 2008. We collected 383 individuals from ten species, wherein six have no previous record in intra-Amazonian savannahs. The most abundant species were Ontherus appendiculatus (Mannerheim, 1829), Canthidium aff. humerale (Germar, 1813), Dichotomius nisus (Olivier, 1789), and Pseudocanthon aff. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1846). We believe that knowing the dung beetles diversity associated with the intra-Amazonian savannahs is ideal for understanding the occurrence and distribution of these organisms in a highly threatened environment, it thus being the first step towards conservation strategy development