DFT Calculations and Statistical Mechanics Applied to Isomerization of Pseudosaccharins

In the present work, molar fractions were obtained as a function of temperature with different levels of theory for the most representative isomers of three systems belonging to the family of pseudosaccharins. The choice of those three systems was due to the fact that it is known in the scientific literature that these systems present very small differences in their relative energies which make a complicated experimental characterization, in addition these compounds are of interest in the biological area. These systems represent challenges not only from an experimental point of view but also from a theoretical point of view. From the theoretical perspective, this study is also complicated since several possible isomers with very similar energies are presented. The diagrams of species distribution (molar fractions) provide information that cannot be accessed through the electronic structure calculations at T = 0. Here, this tool was useful to identify the most probable isomer from several quasi-degenerate isomers and to discern if thermal effects favor any of them, as well as to find trends despite the different results of each level of theory. Additionally, an analysis was performed on vibrational, rotational and electronic data in order to know the reason of the behavior of molar fractions as function of temperature

Reactivity Indexes and Structure of Fullerenes

The discovery of fullerenes and their production in measurable quantities launched many studies about their reactivity and possible applications. Their peculiar structure opened possibilities for their study, initially replacing carbon atoms with alternative atoms. The surface also offers the possibility of attaching several species and the interior of their hollow structure represents a challenge because of the possibility of confining elements or molecules that may become less stable when attached to the exterior of the cage. These modifications may considerably affect both chemical and physical properties. In this chapter, we propose the encapsulation of 3–10 nitrogen atoms as aggregates inside the C70 cage. We also study the structures and reactivity indexes and the stabilization conferred as a result of being part of the fullerene. These aggregates are mainly of interest because of their possible application as energetic materials

Multiple intelligences in a MultiAgent System applied to telecontrol

This paper presents a control system, based on artificial intelligence technologies, that implements multiple intelligences. This system aims to support and improve automatic telecontrol of solar power plants, by either automatically triggering actuators or dynamically giving recommendations to human operators. For this purpose, the development of a MultiAgent System is combined with a variety of inference systems, such as Expert Systems, Neural Networks, and Bayesian Networks. This diversity of intelligent technologies is shown to result in an efficient way to mimic the reasoning process in human operators.Junta de Andalucía P08-TIC-0386

Architecture for Multiagent-Based Control Systems

This paper presents a multiagent architecture that covers the new requirements for the new control systems such as the distribution and decentralisation of system elements, the definition of communications between these elements, the fast adaptation in the control and organizational changes. The agents in this architecture can cooperate and coordinate to achieve a global goal, encapsulate the hardware interfaces and make the control system easily adapt to different requirements through configuration. Finally, the proposed architecture is applied to a control system of a solar power plant, obtaining a preliminary system that achieve the goals of simplicity, scalability, flexibility and optimization of communications system.Junta de Andalucía P08-TIC-0386

PeMMAS: A Tool for Studying the Performance of Multiagent Systems Developed in JADE

This paper describes the performance measurement for multiagent systems (PeMMAS) tool, a system designed to study and measure the performance of any multiagent system (MAS) de-veloped in JADE. The tool itself is another MAS which is deployed and coexists alongside the one being studied. This characteristic allows us to adapt PeMMAS to any scenario in which MAS de-ployment in JADE is used. PeMMAS extracts information from the target MAS regarding the use of system resources, the flight time for comprehensive messages according to agent type, as well as the processing time for actions. After processing this information, PeMMAS sends a report to the final user for subsequent analysis

Maternal dietary patterns and acute leukemia in infants: results from a case control study in Mexico

BackgroundChildhood cancer is the leading cause of disease-related mortality among children aged 5–14 years in Mexico, with acute leukemia being the most common cancer among infants. Examining the overall dietary patterns allows for a comprehensive assessment of food and nutrient consumption, providing a more predictive measure of disease risk than individual foods or nutrients. This study aims to evaluate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in Mexican infants.MethodsA hospital-based case–control study was conducted, comparing 109 confirmed acute leukemia cases with 152 age-matched controls. All participants (≤24 months) were identified at hospitals in Mexico City between 2010 and 2019. Data on a posteriori dietary patterns and other relevant variables were collected through structured interviews and dietary questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to estimate the association between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of acute leukemia in infants.ResultsThe “Balanced & Vegetable-Rich” pattern, characterized by a balanced consumption of various food groups and higher vegetable intake, exhibited a negative association with acute leukemia when compared to the “High Dairy & Cereals” Pattern (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29, 0.90). We observed that mothers who gave birth to girls and adhered to a healthy dietary pattern during pregnancy exhibited significantly lower odds of their children developing AL compared to those who gave birth to boys [OR = 0.32 (95% CI 0.11, 0.97)]. Our results underscore the significance of maternal nutrition as a modifiable factor in disease prevention and the importance of prenatal health education

Evidence of spatial clustering of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases in Greater Mexico City: report from the Mexican Inter-Institutional Group for the identification of the causes of childhood leukemia

BackgroundA heterogeneous geographic distribution of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases has been described, possibly, related to the presence of different environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to explore the geographical distribution of childhood ALL cases in Greater Mexico City (GMC).MethodsA population-based case-control study was conducted. Children <18 years old, newly diagnosed with ALL and residents of GMC were included. Controls were patients without leukemia recruited from second-level public hospitals, frequency-matched by sex, age, and health institution with the cases. The residence address where the patients lived during the last year before diagnosis (cases) or the interview (controls) was used for geolocation. Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistic was used to detect spatial clusters (SCs). Relative risks (RR), associated p-value and number of cases included for each cluster were obtained.ResultsA total of 1054 cases with ALL were analyzed. Of these, 408 (38.7%) were distributed across eight SCs detected. A relative risk of 1.61 (p<0.0001) was observed for the main cluster. Similar results were noted for the remaining seven ones. Additionally, a proximity between SCs, electrical installations and petrochemical facilities was observed.ConclusionsThe identification of SCs in certain regions of GMC suggest the possible role of environmental factors in the etiology of childhood ALL

EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Este texto contribuye al análisis científico de varias áreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una área protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Biomasa aérea en plantaciones comerciales de hule (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) en el estado de Oaxaca, México

La presente investigación se realizó en la región hulera del Papaloapan, Estado de Oaxaca, México. El objetivo fue obtener ecuaciones para estimar la biomasa total aérea del clon IAN-710 de Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg., con base en el diámetro normal (DN). Se utilizó una muestra de 28 árboles de esta especie con DN 10 a 40 cm. El peso seco de los árboles varió de 89.74 kg a 807.06 kg. El peso seco del follaje representó 5.4% del peso seco total en árboles pequeños (DN 10 cm), pero sólo 1.7% en árboles de mayor tamaño (DN 40 cm). La proporción de biomasa contenida en el tallo se correlacionó positivamente con el tamaño del árbol y, por tanto, se incrementó en los árboles grandes. Los valores oscilaron de 87.3% en árboles de 10 cm DN a 88.9% en árboles de 40 cm. La ecuación logarítmica (log P = ß0 + ß1log d) tuvo un mejor ajuste (R2=0.98)y una dispersión normal de los residuales. Con la biomasa estimada se podrá calcular el carbono acumulado en los árboles en cada uno de sus componentes a diferentes edades