Cultivando una Mentalidad Emprendedora en Equipos: Rol del Liderazgo y la Innovación en la Comunidad Universitaria

This article: "Cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset in teams: Role of Leadership and Innovation in the university community", aims to analyze how educational leaders and innovative practices can foster an entrepreneurial mindset among students and university staff, contributing thus to comprehensive training and preparation for a constantly changing work environment. The methodology is mixed (quantitative and qualitative methods). Surveys are applied to students and university staff members to assess their perceptions of the leadership approach and innovative initiatives in promoting an entrepreneurial mindset. Additionally, in-depth interviews with educational leaders are conducted to understand their strategies and approaches for cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset in teams. The results highlight the positive influence of leadership and innovation in the development of an entrepreneurial mindset in the university community. Leadership committed to promoting creativity, risk-taking, and collaboration is found to inspire students and staff to adopt a more proactive, problem-solving mindset. Likewise, innovative practices, such as interdisciplinary projects and Mentoring, are key drivers to foster the entrepreneurial mindset. These results highlight how transformative leadership approaches and innovative practices are integrated into the university environment to cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset that prepares individuals for the challenges and opportunities of the modern world of work.El presente artículo: "Cultivando una mentalidad emprendedora en equipos: Rol del Liderazgo y la Innovación en la comunidad universitaria", tiene como objetivo analizar cómo los líderes educativos y las prácticas innovadoras pueden fomentar la mentalidad emprendedora entre los estudiantes y el personal universitario, contribuyendo así a una formación integral y a la preparación para un entorno laboral en constante cambio. La metodología es mixta (métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos). Se aplican encuestas a estudiantes y miembros del personal universitario para evaluar sus percepciones sobre el enfoque del liderazgo y las iniciativas innovadoras en la promoción de una mentalidad emprendedora. Además, se llevan a cabo entrevistas en profundidad con líderes educativos para comprender sus estrategias y enfoques para cultivar una mentalidad emprendedora en equipos. Los resultados destacan la influencia positiva del liderazgo y la innovación en el desarrollo de una mentalidad emprendedora en la comunidad universitaria. Se observa que un liderazgo comprometido con la promoción de la creatividad, la toma de riesgos y la colaboración inspira a estudiantes y personal a adoptar una mentalidad más proactiva y orientada a la solución de problemas. Asimismo, las prácticas innovadoras, como proyectos interdisciplinarios y mentoría, son impulsores clave para fomentar la mentalidad emprendedora. Estos resultados resaltan integran enfoques de liderazgo transformador y prácticas innovadoras en el entorno universitario para cultivar una mentalidad emprendedora que prepare a los individuos para los desafíos y oportunidades del mundo laboral moderno

Type 2 Diabetes Variants Disrupt Function of SLC16A11 through Two Distinct Mechanisms

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects Latinos at twice the rate seen in populations of European descent. We recently identified a risk haplotype spanning SLC16A11 that explains ∼20% of the increased T2D prevalence in Mexico. Here, through genetic fine-mapping, we define a set of tightly linked variants likely to contain the causal allele(s). We show that variants on the T2D-associated haplotype have two distinct effects: (1) decreasing SLC16A11 expression in liver and (2) disrupting a key interaction with basigin, thereby reducing cell-surface localization. Both independent mechanisms reduce SLC16A11 function and suggest SLC16A11 is the causal gene at this locus. To gain insight into how SLC16A11 disruption impacts T2D risk, we demonstrate that SLC16A11 is a proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter and that genetic perturbation of SLC16A11 induces changes in fatty acid and lipid metabolism that are associated with increased T2D risk. Our findings suggest that increasing SLC16A11 function could be therapeutically beneficial for T2D. Video Abstract [Figure presented] Keywords: type 2 diabetes (T2D); genetics; disease mechanism; SLC16A11; MCT11; solute carrier (SLC); monocarboxylates; fatty acid metabolism; lipid metabolism; precision medicin

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Riesgo ergonómico en el personal de cirugía de diferentes instituciones hospitalarias de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali, 2018

El servicio de cirug&iacute;a de las instituciones prestadoras desalud, seg&uacute;n estudios resientes, presentan alto riesgo porcarga f&iacute;sica postural. El objetivo de la presente investigaci&oacute;nfue determinar el nivel de carga f&iacute;sica postural del personalde cirug&iacute;a de una instituci&oacute;n de salud ubicada en la ciudadde Cali. La metodolog&iacute;a utilizada fue de tipo descriptivo y decorte transversal. Como resultado se obtuvo que, el 48% delpersonal se encuentran en un rango de edad entre los 22 y29 a&ntilde;os y el 58% pertenece al sexo femenino; el 35% labora7 d&iacute;as de la semana y el 22% m&aacute;s de 48 horas por semana.Concluyendo que los instrumentadores quir&uacute;rgicos y losm&eacute;dicos cirujanos son los profesionales con mayor nivel deriesgo por carga f&iacute;sica postural y las especialidades quir&uacute;rgicasde cirug&iacute;a general, ginecolog&iacute;a, ortopedia y urolog&iacute;a sonlas m&aacute;s expuestas

Riesgo ergonómico en el personal de cirugía de diferentes instituciones hospitalarias de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali, 2018

El servicio de cirug&iacute;a de las instituciones prestadoras desalud, seg&uacute;n estudios resientes, presentan alto riesgo porcarga f&iacute;sica postural. El objetivo de la presente investigaci&oacute;nfue determinar el nivel de carga f&iacute;sica postural del personalde cirug&iacute;a de una instituci&oacute;n de salud ubicada en la ciudadde Cali. La metodolog&iacute;a utilizada fue de tipo descriptivo y decorte transversal. Como resultado se obtuvo que, el 48% delpersonal se encuentran en un rango de edad entre los 22 y29 a&ntilde;os y el 58% pertenece al sexo femenino; el 35% labora7 d&iacute;as de la semana y el 22% m&aacute;s de 48 horas por semana.Concluyendo que los instrumentadores quir&uacute;rgicos y losm&eacute;dicos cirujanos son los profesionales con mayor nivel deriesgo por carga f&iacute;sica postural y las especialidades quir&uacute;rgicasde cirug&iacute;a general, ginecolog&iacute;a, ortopedia y urolog&iacute;a sonlas m&aacute;s expuestas

Revolution: Museo de las estrellas un paseo por la fama : Hollywood

Convocatoria proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2020/2021Se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo entre 13 centros educativos extremeños que consistió en desarrollar cinco unidades de trabajo gamificadas, cinco historias detectivescas con misterios por resolver, donde se ponían a prueba las habilidades de lógica, la capacidad de observación, de concentración y de atención de los alumnos. Los objetivos principales de la propuesta fueron: promover la puesta en práctica de proyectos intercentros; impulsar pedagogías activas; desarrollar la competencia digital a través del uso de las pedagogías emergentes lo que ha permitido llevar a cabo una enseñanza presencial, híbrida y virtual y atender a la diversidadExtremaduraES

Sequence variants in SLC16A11 are a common risk factor for type 2 diabetes in Mexico

Performing genetic studies in multiple human populations can identify disease risk alleles that are common in one population but rare in others, with the potential to illuminate pathophysiology, health disparities, and the population genetic origins of disease alleles. Here we analysed 9.2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in each of 8,214 Mexicans and other Latin Americans: 3,848 with type 2 diabetes and 4,366 non-diabetic controls. In addition to replicating previous findings, we identified a novel locus associated with type 2 diabetes at genome-wide significance spanning the solute carriers SLC16A11 and SLC16A13 (P = 3.9 × 10(-13); odds ratio (OR) = 1.29). The association was stronger in younger, leaner people with type 2 diabetes, and replicated in independent samples (P = 1.1 × 10(-4); OR = 1.20). The risk haplotype carries four amino acid substitutions, all in SLC16A11; it is present at ~50% frequency in Native American samples and ~10% in east Asian, but is rare in European and African samples. Analysis of an archaic genome sequence indicated that the risk haplotype introgressed into modern humans via admixture with Neanderthals. The SLC16A11 messenger RNA is expressed in liver, and V5-tagged SLC16A11 protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. Expression of SLC16A11 in heterologous cells alters lipid metabolism, most notably causing an increase in intracellular triacylglycerol levels. Despite type 2 diabetes having been well studied by genome-wide association studies in other populations, analysis in Mexican and Latin American individuals identified SLC16A11 as a novel candidate gene for type 2 diabetes with a possible role in triacylglycerol metabolism

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/‘proxy’ AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele