Diámetro del cuerpo lúteo y niveles de progesterona sérica, durante el ciclo estral en yeguas criollas colombianas

Objetivo. Determinar el diámetro del cuerpo lúteo (CL) y los niveles séricos de progesterona (P4) durante el ciclo estral (CE) en yeguas Criollas Colombianas (CC). Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron 30 yeguas entre 4 a 14 años de edad, ubicadas en Pereira (Colombia). Se realizó ultrasonografía transrectal diariamente, desde la ovulación (día cero), durante dos CE para evaluar el diámetro del CL. Se tomaron muestras de sangre cada 48 horas entre una ovulación y la siguiente para cuantificar niveles séricos de P4 por la técnica de radioinmunoanálisis (RIA). Los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva, desviación estándar, t de Student para determinar diferencias entre los CE y una prueba de correlación entre el diámetro del CL y P4. Resultados. El tamaño del CL durante el CE fue 18.3 ± 5.9 mm (promedio ± desviación estándar). El diámetro el día cero fue 25.1±4.5 mm y el tamaño final del CL 8.5±0.9 mm el día 20 del CE. El mayor diámetro se encontró el día 2 postovulación (26.4±5.0 mm). Los niveles máximos de P4 se encontraron al día 6 postovulación (10.7±4.3 rango 2.51 a 18.8 ng/ml). La concentración de P4 durante el diestro fue 6.6±3.6 (1.15 a 10.7 ng/ml) y durante el estro 0.25±0.3 (0.01m a 0.86 ng/ml). Conclusiones. La yegua CC presenta una dinámica del CL similar a la reportada en la literatura. Los valores aquí reportados pueden ser el punto de partida para establecer valores de referencia de utilidad clínica

Varietal Tracing of Virgin Olive Oils Based on Plastid DNA Variation Profiling

Olive oil traceability remains a challenge nowadays. DNA analysis is the preferred approach to an effective varietal identification, without any environmental influence. Specifically, olive organelle genomics is the most promising approach for setting up a suitable set of markers as they would not interfere with the pollinator variety DNA traces. Unfortunately, plastid DNA (cpDNA) variation of the cultivated olive has been reported to be low. This feature could be a limitation for the use of cpDNA polymorphisms in forensic analyses or oil traceability, but rare cpDNA haplotypes may be useful as they can help to efficiently discriminate some varieties. Recently, the sequencing of olive plastid genomes has allowed the generation of novel markers. In this study, the performance of cpDNA markers on olive oil matrices, and their applicability on commercial Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) oils were assessed. By using a combination of nine plastid loci (including multi-state microsatellites and short indels), it is possible to fingerprint six haplotypes (in 17 Spanish olive varieties), which can discriminate high-value commercialized cultivars with PDO. In particular, a rare haplotype was detected in genotypes used to produce a regional high-value commercial oil. We conclude that plastid haplotypes can help oil traceability in commercial PDO oils and set up an experimental methodology suitable for organelle polymorphism detection in the complex olive oil matrices

Neighborhood Care and Neighborhood Bonds:An Unequal Relationship

Research in environmental psychology has found a positive relationship between place bonds and behaviors related to care and maintenance of place. Although this relationship has been analyzed in natural environments, it has been less frequently studied in urban environments and has yielded contradictory results. The aim of this study is to analyze behavior related to care and conservation of neighborhood and its possible relationship to place bonds, as well as to other variables that we think may be important in explaining this behavior. The participants were 407 residents from eight different neighborhoods with different sociodemographic characteristics in one Spanish city. The results indicate that the relationship between attachment and behavior is significant only in residents with higher socioeconomic levels. These findings may help to explain the contradictory results found in the literature. Other variables which are significant in explaining neighborhood care are social norms, residential satisfaction, and support for protection policies. Place identity was not found to be significantly correlated with neighborhood care

Clasificacion de cesáreas por grupos de Robson en los ultimos 3 añosen el Hospital de Engativa de la ciudad de Bogota

Introducción: La clasificación de Robson permite caracterizar las mujeres a las que se realiza cesárea con el fin de implementar estrategias focalizadas con éxito. El objetivo fue determinar las tasas específicas de cesárea según la clasificación de Robson en el Hospital de Engativá, en donde se realizó un estudio transversal incluyendo gestantes atendidas en una institución de segundo nivel de complejidad entre 2012 y 2014. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo en EpiInfo y Stata de la tasa global y específica por cada grupo. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 1190 nacimientos. La tasa global de cesárea fue de 36.97 %. El grupo que más contribuye a la tasa de cesáreas son las nulíparas (38,5%) seguidas del grupo con cesárea anterior (36,4%) que tiene una tasa específica del 100%. La tasa especifica de cesárea en el grupo de nulíparas con parto espontaneo fue de 36,6% y la partos prematuros 43,3%. Estos grupos son susceptibles de intervención para reducir la tasa de cesárea específica e impactar la tasa global de cesárea de la institución.Abstract. Introduction: Robson classification to characterize the women who Caesarean is performed in order to implement targeted strategies successfully. The objective was to determine the specific rates of caesarean section as ranked by Robson in Engativa Hospital, where a cross-sectional study including pregnant women at an institution of second level of complexity between 2012 and 2014. A descriptive analysis was performed and was conducted on Epi- info and Stata, of global and specific rate for each group. Results: A total of 1190 births were included. The overall rate of cesarean section was 36.97%. The group that contributes most to the cesarean rate are nulliparous (38.5%) followed by the group with previous cesarean section (36.4%) having a specific rate of 100%. The rate of cesarean section specifies the group of gilts with spontaneous labor was 36.6% and 43.3% preterm births. These groups are capable of intervention to reduce the rate of cesarean specific and impact the overall rate of cesarean section of the institution.Otr

¿Cómo se enfoca la metodología ECTS y la virtualización en las asignaturas de contenido estadístico-matemático de la Ingeniería Técnica en Informática de Gestión de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide?

El presente documento muestra cuáles son nuestras ideas y planteamiento al implantar el Sistema Europeo de Transferencia de Créditos (ECTS) en las tres asignaturas de contenido estadístico-matemático existentes en la Ingeniería Técnica en Informática de Gestión de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO). Para ello, se analizará la metodología seguida por el profesorado, diferente en función del perfil de los estudiantes y las competencias que pretenden desarrollarse. Además, se expondrán tanto los recursos de que disponemos como los criterios de evaluación que se siguen. Haremos énfasis en el papel que la tutoría ocupa en este nuevo marco educativo y plantearemos posibles dificultades que el alumnado puede encontrarse para alcanzar los objetivos de las asignaturas aquí tratadas, recalcando que estas podrían superarse con un seguimiento personalizado del alumnado mediante un plan de acción tutorial bien diseñado y utilizando los recursos disponibles (tanto impresos como digitales)

Appropriate Duration of Antimicrobial Treatment for Prosthetic Joint Infections: A Narrative Review

Prosthetic joint infections are considered difficult to treat they needing aggressive surgery and long antimicrobial treatments. However, the exact duration of these therapies has been established empirically. In the last years, several studies have explored the possibility of reducing the length of treatment in this setting, with conflicting results. In this narrative review, we critically appraise the published evidence, considering the different surgical approaches (implant retention [DAIR] and one-step and two-step exchange procedures) separately. In patients managed with DAIR, usually treated for at least 12 weeks, a large, randomized trial failed to show that 6 weeks were non-inferior. However, another randomized clinical trial supports the use of 8 weeks, as long as the surgical conditions are favorable and antibiotics with good antibiofilm activity can be administered. In patients managed with a two-step exchange procedure, usually treated during 6 weeks, a randomized clinical trial showed the efficacy of a 4-week course of antimicrobials. Also, the use of local antibiotics may allow the use of even shorter treatments. Finally, in the case of one-step exchange procedures, there is a trend towards reducing the length of therapy, and the largest randomized clinical trial supports the use of 6 weeks of therapy

Prevalence of chronic head, neck and low back pain and associated factors in women residing in the Autonomous Region of Madrid (Spain)

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of chronic headache (CH), chronic neck pain (CNP) and chronic low back pain (CLBP) in the autonomous region of Madrid by analyzing gender differences and to determine the factors associated with each pain location in women in 2007.MethodsWe analyzed data obtained from adults aged 16 years or older (n = 12,190) who participated in the 2007 Madrid Regional Health Survey. This survey includes data from personal interviews conducted in a representative population residing in family dwellings in Madrid. The presence CH, CNP, and CLBP was analyzed. Sociodemographic features, self-perceived health status, lifestyle habits, psychological distress, drug consumption, use of healthcare services, the search for alternative solutions, and comorbid diseases were analyzed by using logistic regression models.ResultsThe prevalence of CH, CNP and CLBP was significantly higher (P<0.001) in women (7.3%, 8.4%, 14.1%, respectively) than in men (2.2%, 3.2%, 7.8%, respectively). In women, CH, CNP and CBLP were significantly associated with having ≥3 chronic diseases (OR 7.1, 8.5, 5.8, respectively), and with the use of analgesics and drugs for inflammation (OR: 3.5, 1.95, 2.5, respectively). In the bivariate analysis, the factors associated with pain in distinct body locations differed between men and women.ConclusionsThis study found that CH, CNP and CLBP are a major public health problem in women in central Spain. Women have a higher overall prevalence of chronic pain than men. Chronic pain was associated with a higher use of analgesics and healthcare services

La reforma de la formación inicial del profesorado de ciencias de secundaria: propuesta de un diseño del currículo basado en competencias

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es proponer un mecanismo de selección de competencias específicas para la formación inicial del profesorado de ciencias experimentales, contando para ello con distintas fuentes relevantes para dicha formación. Con tal fin hemos hecho uso de un procedimiento consistente en ir incorporando de forma crítica las competencias procedentes de las siguientes fuentes curriculares: los modelos de formación inicial del profesorado vigentes en la literatura educativa, el currículo actual de ciencias en la educación secundaria obligatoria en España, el Programa internacional de evaluación PISA, la opinión del profesorado en activo mediante una encuesta cuyos resultados más relevantes son mostrados, las concepciones epistemológicas del profesorado, la profesionalización docente y las demandas que genera y, finalmente, la dimensión social de la ciencia.The primary objective of this paper is to propose a mechanism for selecting specific competences for preservice science teacher training, referring to relevant sources for such training. To this end we have used an trans-disciplinary procedure consistent with incorporating critical competences from the following curricular sources: Models of current preservice teacher training in educational literature, the current curriculum of Science in Compulsory Secondary Education in Spain, the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), the views of in-service secondary school teachers (through a survey whose most relevant results are given), teachers' epistemological conceptions, the professionalization of teaching and the demands it generates and, finally the social dimension of science

Partially defatted olive cake in finishing pig diets: implications on performance, faecal microbiota, carcass quality, slurry composition and gas emission

[EN] One of the key factors to improve swine production sustainability is the use of agro-industrial by-products in feeds, such as olive by-products. However, it is necessary to assess its effects on the overall production process, including the animal and the environment. With this aim, an experiment was conducted to determine the effects of including a partially defatted olive cake (PDOC) in pig diets on growth performance, faecal microbiota, carcass quality and gas emission from the slurry. Two finishing diets were formulated, a control (C) diet and a diet with PDOC included at 120 g/kg. Eighty finishing male pigs Duroc-Danbred x (Landrace x Large White) of 60.4 +/- 7.00 kg BW were divided between these two treatments. During the finishing period (60 to 110 kg BW, 55 days) average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded. Faecal samples from the rectum of 16 animals per treatment were incubated for bacteria enumeration. At the end of finishing period, backfat thickness and loin depth (LD) were measured. Animals were slaughtered to obtain carcass weight and carcass composition parameters, and subcutaneous fat was sampled to analyse the fatty acid (FA) profile. In addition greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions were measured during pig slurry storage using the methodology of dynamic flux chambers. An initial slurry characterisation and biochemical methane potential (B-0) were also determined. No significant differences between treatments were found in performance, carcass quality and microbial counts with the exception of LD, which was lower in PDOC compared with C animals (45.5 v. 47.5 mm, SEM: 0.62; P = 0.020). The FA profile of the subcutaneous fat did not differ between treatments, but the monounsaturated FA (MUFA) concentration was higher and the polyunsaturated FA was lower in the animals fed PDOC (50.9 v. 48.3, SEM: 0.48, P < 0.001; 17.6 v. 19.3, SEM: 0.30, P < 0.001 in mg/100 g of Total FA, for PDOC and C animals, respectively). The initial pig slurry characterisation only showed differences in ADF concentration that was higher (P < 0.05) in the slurry from PDOC treatment. Regarding gas emission, slurries from both treatments emitted similar amounts of ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), as well as B-0 values. The results obtained suggest that PDOC may be included in balanced pig diets at rates of up to 120 g/kg without negative effects on performance, carcass quality, gut microflora and slurry gas emission, while improving the MUFA concentration of subcutaneous fat.This project was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL2014-56653). Preliminary results from this work have been published in an abstract form (Ferrer et al., 2017). Acknowledgements are also expressed to DCOOP for providing PDCO.Ferrer Riera, P.; Calvet, S.; García-Rebollar, P.; De Blas, C.; Jiménez Belenguer, AI.; Hernández, P.; Piquer, O.... (2020). Partially defatted olive cake in finishing pig diets: implications on performance, faecal microbiota, carcass quality, slurry composition and gas emission. Animal. 14(2):426-434. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119002040S426434142Abo Omar, J. M., Daya, R., & Ghaleb, A. (2012). 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