24 research outputs found
AutoVisual Fusion Suite: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Image Segmentation and Voice Conversion Tools on HuggingFace Platform
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of tools available on the
HuggingFace platform for two pivotal applications in artificial intelligence:
image segmentation and voice conversion. The primary objective was to identify
the top three tools within each category and subsequently install and configure
these tools on Linux systems. We leveraged the power of pre-trained
segmentation models such as SAM and DETR Model with ResNet-50 backbone for
image segmentation, and the so-vits-svc-fork model for voice conversion. This
paper delves into the methodologies and challenges encountered during the
implementation process, and showcases the successful combination of video
segmentation and voice conversion in a unified project named AutoVisual Fusion
Suite.Comment: 27 pages, 21 figure
Equivariant Spherical CNN for Data Efficient and High-Performance Medical Image Processing
This work highlights the significance of equivariant networks as efficient
and high-performance approaches for tomography applications. Our study builds
upon the limitations of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which have shown
promise in post-processing various medical imaging systems. However, the
efficiency of conventional CNNs heavily relies on an undiminished and proper
training set. To tackle this issue, in this study, we introduce an equivariant
network, aiming to reduce CNN's dependency on specific training sets. We
evaluate the efficacy of equivariant CNNs on spherical signals for tomographic
medical imaging problems. Our results demonstrate superior quality and
computational efficiency of spherical CNNs (SCNNs) in denoising and
reconstructing benchmark problems. Furthermore, we propose a novel approach to
employ SCNNs as a complement to conventional image reconstruction tools,
enhancing the outcomes while reducing reliance on the training set. Across all
cases, we observe a significant decrease in computational costs while
maintaining the same or higher quality of image processing using SCNNs compared
to CNNs. Additionally, we explore the potential of this network for broader
tomography applications, particularly those requiring omnidirectional
representation
Detection of Carbapenems and Colistin Resistance Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii: A Single-center Study in Iran
Background: This study aimed to determine carbapenems, colistin resistance genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, specimens of patients with bloodstream, urinary tract, and surgical site nosocomial infections were enrolled. P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates were identified using conventional methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) on isolates was performed using the disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for colistin as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The combination meropenem disk method was used to detect metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). The blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and mcr-1 genes were identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and Sequencing.Results: Forty strains of P. aeruginosa and forty strains of A. baumannii were isolated from hospitalized patients. The overall prevalence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) was 50% and 95% in P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates, respectively. Almost all the MDR isolates were resistant to cefepime and piperacillin. Colistin had significant inhibitory activity against the isolates. MBL was detected in 25.0% and 15.0% of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, respectively. We detected no blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, and mcr-1 genes in our A. baumannii isolates. Moreover, only three P. aeruginosa isolates were positive for blaIMP gene.Conclusion: The alarming proportion of MDR P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates was reported in the current study. Effective infection prevention practices are required and AST should guide patients' treatment
Aligning supply chain complexity with product demand and design characteristics
This study models the alignment of supply chain complexity with product demand and design characteristics and formulates appropriate strategies to enhance supply chain alignment. An integrated theoretical framework linking all the three main constructs of supply chain complexity, namely, coordination, collaboration, and configuration, with product demand and design complexities is developed and empirically tested. Data were collected from a cross-industry sample of 273 Australian manufacturing firms and analysed using structural equation modelling. The results show that volatility of demand, product life cycle, and innovativeness directly impact on the complexity of supply chain collaboration. Product modularity, on the other hand, is more likely to indirectly influence supply chain collaboration through the mediating role of coordination. Higher complexity in product demand and design characteristics increases complexity in supply chain coordination and configuration while reducing complexity in supply chain collaboration. Based on the findings, a taxonomy is proposed to provide a reference frame for practitioners to formulate appropriate alignment strategies to manage or mitigate risk associated with growing supply chain complexity
Effects of medium range order on propagon thermal conductivity in amorphous silicon
We discuss the dependence of the propagon contribution to thermal conductivity on the medium range order (MRO) in amorphous silicon. Three different amorphous structures with the same size of 3.28 nm were studied. Among these three structures, two structures were constructed with experimentally observed MRO [Treacy and Borisenko, Science. 335, 6071 (2012)] and the other structure is from continuous random network (CRN), which lacks MRO and thus represents a randomized amorphous structure [Barkema and Mousseau, Physical Review B, 62, 8 (2000)]. Using the simulated fluctuation electron microscopy and dihedral angle distribution, we confirm that the first two structures contain MRO in the length scale of 10-20 Å while the CRN structure does not. The transport of propagons in the MRO and CRN structures are compared using the dynamic structural factor calculation and normal mode decomposition of the molecular dynamics simulation data, showing noticeably longer lifetime of propagons in the MRO structures than in the CRN structure. The propagon thermal conductivity in the MRO structures is estimated 50% larger than that in the CRN structure
Numerical simulation of scour and flow field around single pier using SSIIM
Estimation of scour depth and understanding the flow field around pier would help to design with safer factor. In this study, we used the numerical model SSIIM as a CFD model to simulate flow and scour pattern simultaneously around single pier. The model was verified using laboratory data including the results reported for single pier. In this model, we considered the as a turbulence model to solve the 3D Navier-Stokes flow equations and used their outputs as inputs of sediment transition equations. Comparison between scour calculations of SSIIM model and experimental terms showed that the model has appropriate deviation value for estimating the maximum scour depth around single pier. Numerical and graphics discussions of scour pattern and flow field have been done in various simulation time for pier. Graphical results showed that the down flow at front of pier and upward flow at the rear of pier. In addition, the maximum down flow was simulated with high accuracy in compare with experimental results
A flexible phased array system with low areal mass density
Phased arrays are multiple antenna systems capable of forming and steering beams electronically using constructive and destructive interference between sources. They are employed extensively in radar and communication systems but are typically rigid, bulky and heavy, which limits their use in compact or portable devices and systems. Here, we report a scalable phased array system that is both lightweight and flexible. The array architecture consists of a self-monitoring complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor-based integrated circuit, which is responsible for generating multiple independent phase- and amplitude-controlled signal channels, combined with flexible and collapsible radiating structures. The modular platform, which can be collapsed, rolled and folded, is capable of operating standalone or as a subarray in a larger-scale flexible phased array system. To illustrate the capabilities of the approach, we created a 4 × 4 flexible phased array tile operating at 9.4–10.4 GHz, with a low areal mass density of 0.1 g cm^(−2). We also created a flexible phased array prototype that is powered by photovoltaic cells and intended for use in a wireless space-based solar power transfer array
The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings There were 1.19 million (95% UI 1.11-1.28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59.6 [54.5-65.7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53.2 [48.8-57.9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14.2 [12.9-15.6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13.6 [12.6-14.8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23.5 million (21.9-25.2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2.7% (1.9-3.6) came from YLDs and 97.3% (96.4-98.1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. Interpretation Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe