Sozialkapital in partizipativer Stadtentwicklung am Beispiel der Lokalen Agenda 21 Wien

Ziel der Arbeit ist die akteurbezogene Darstellung und Analyse eines Partizipationsprozesses. Als theoretische Grundlage dienen die drei theoretischen Konzeptionen sozialen Kapitals bei Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman und Robert Putnam. Ausgehend von den Sozialkapitalformen Vertrauen, Vernetzung, sowie Normen und Werte wird ein Sozialkapitalkonzept entwickelt, das sich auf Beteiligungsprozesse wie die Lokale Agenda 21 Wien empirisch anwenden lässt. Im Zentrum des theoretischen Teils der Arbeit steht daher der Vergleich und die Integration der verschiedenen Sozialkapitalkonzeptionen sowie strukturelle und funktionelle Beschreibung der Lokalen Agenda 21 Wien. Im empirischen Teil werden die Ergebnisse der standardisierten Fragebogenerhebung und der Inhaltsanalyse der offenen Leitfadeninterviews diskutiert. Dabei wird eine gleichberechtigte Integration der standardisierten wie offenen Datenquellen im Sinn eines Triangulationsverfahrens angestrebt. Mithilfe der Sozialkapitalkonzeption werden Konfliktbereiche und positive Bereiche deutlich gemacht. Das Sozialkapitalkonzept wird zum Instrument der Wiedergabe von Vergemeinschaftungsprozessen. Der Sozialkapitalansatz dient als nichtoutputorientierter Maßstab prozessorientierter partizipativer Stadtentwicklung.The aim of this paper is to illustrate and analyse the stakeholder participation process. The theoretical foundation is based on the social capital concepts of Bourdieu, James Coleman and Robert Puntam. Based on forms of social capital like trust, networks, norms and values, a concept of social capital is developed that can be used empirically for participation processes, such as the ‘Lokale Agenda 21 Wien’. Therefore, the comparison and integration of the different social capital theories and the description of the function and the structure of the Lokale Agenda 21 Wien is central to the theoretical part of this paper. In the empirical part, the results of a survey and open interviews are discussed. In the process, an equivalent integration of the data was aimed for, in reference to triangulation methods. With the help of social capital concepts, areas of conflict and positive developments can be revealed. The social capital concept becomes an instrument for the illustration of collectivization. The social capital approach is used as a process-oriented measurement of participative urban development

Strontium substitution of gelatin modified calcium hydrogen phosphates as porous hard tissue substitutes

Aiming at the generation of a high strontium-containing degradable bone substitute, the exchange of calcium with strontium in gelatin-modified brushite was investigated. The ion substitution showed two mineral groups, the high-calcium containing minerals with a maximum measured molar Ca/Sr ratio of 80%/20% (mass ratio 63%/37%) and the high-strontium containing ones with a maximum measured molar Ca/Sr ratio of 21%/79% (mass ratio 10%/90%). In contrast to the high-strontium mineral phases, a high mass loss was observed for the calcium-based minerals during incubation in cell culture medium (alpha-MEM), but also an increase in strength owing to dissolution and re-precipitation. This resulted for the former in a decrease of cation concentration (Ca + Sr) in the medium, while the pH value decreased and the phosphate ion concentration rose significantly. The latter group of materials, the high-strontium containing ones, showed only a moderate change in mass and a decrease in strength, but the Ca + Sr concentration remained permanently above the initial calcium concentration in the medium. This might be advantageous for a future planned application by supporting bone regeneration on the cellular level. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A published by Wiley Periodicals LLC

Large-area van der Waals epitaxy and magnetic characterization of Fe3GeTe2films on graphene

Scalable fabrication of magnetic 2D materials and heterostructures constitutes a crucial step for scaling down current spintronic devices and the development of novel spintronic applications. Here, we report on van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy of the layered magnetic metal Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) - a 2D crystal with highly tunable properties and a high prospect for room temperature ferromagnetism (FM) - directly on graphene by employing molecular beam epitaxy. Morphological and structural characterization confirmed the realization of large-area, continuous FGT/graphene heterostructure films with stable interfaces and good crystalline quality. Furthermore, magneto-transport and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism investigations confirmed a robust out-of-plane FM in the layers, comparable to state-of-the-art exfoliated flakes from bulk crystals. These results are highly relevant for further research on wafer-scale growth of vdW heterostructures combining FGT with other layered crystals such as transition metal dichalcogenides for the realization of multifunctional, atomically thin devices.They also acknowledge the provision of beamtime under the project HC-4068 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), located in Grenoble (France). ICN2 researchers acknowledge support from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 881603 (Graphene Flagship)

Large-area van der Waals epitaxy and magnetic characterization of Fe3GeTe2films on graphene

Scalable fabrication of magnetic 2D materials and heterostructures constitutes a crucial step for scaling down current spintronic devices and the development of novel spintronic applications. Here, we report on van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy of the layered magnetic metal Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) - a 2D crystal with highly tunable properties and a high prospect for room temperature ferromagnetism (FM) - directly on graphene by employing molecular beam epitaxy. Morphological and structural characterization confirmed the realization of large-area, continuous FGT/graphene heterostructure films with stable interfaces and good crystalline quality. Furthermore, magneto-transport and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism investigations confirmed a robust out-of-plane FM in the layers, comparable to state-of-the-art exfoliated flakes from bulk crystals. These results are highly relevant for further research on wafer-scale growth of vdW heterostructures combining FGT with other layered crystals such as transition metal dichalcogenides for the realization of multifunctional, atomically thin devices

Automatic Categorization for Improving Spanish into Spanish Sign Language Machine Translation

This paper describes a preprocessing module for improving the performance of a Spanish into Spanish Sign Language (Lengua de Signos Espanola: LSE) translation system when dealing with sparse training data. This preprocessing module replaces Spanish words with associated tags. The list with Spanish words (vocabulary) and associated tags used by this module is computed automatically considering those signs that show the highest probability of being the translation of every Spanish word. This automatic tag extraction has been compared to a manual strategy achieving almost the same improvement. In this analysis, several alternatives for dealing with non-relevant words have been studied. Non-relevant words are Spanish words not assigned to any sign. The preprocessing module has been incorporated into two well-known statistical translation architectures: a phrase-based system and a Statistical Finite State Transducer (SFST). This system has been developed for a specific application domain: the renewal of Identity Documents and Driver's License. In order to evaluate the system a parallel corpus made up of 4080 Spanish sentences and their LSE translation has been used. The evaluation results revealed a significant performance improvement when including this preprocessing module. In the phrase-based system, the proposed module has given rise to an increase in BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) from 73.8% to 81.0% and an increase in the human evaluation score from 0.64 to 0.83. In the case of SFST, BLEU increased from 70.6% to 78.4% and the human evaluation score from 0.65 to 0.82

Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of Chlamydia trachomatis in a population of women in Posadas, Misiones

Introducción. Chlamydia trachomatis es una de las bacterias más prevalentes en infecciones sexualmente transmisibles. En mujeres, la infección por C. trachomatis puede causar cervicitis y uretritis, aunque suele cursar en forma asintomática. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer la prevalencia de C. trachomatis y detectar los genotipos circulantes en mujeres que concurren al laboratorio del Instituto de Previsión Social. Material y métodos. Se analizaron 505 muestras endocervicales de mujeres sintomáticas y asintomáticas. Se determinó la presencia de C. trachomatis por PCR, mediante la amplificación de un fragmento del plásmido críptico. Las muestras positivas fueron genotipificadas mediante la amplificación parcial del gen ompA y se analizaron filogenéticamente. Resultados. Se detectaron 43 muestras positivas a la infección por C. trachomatis, obteniéndose una prevalencia de 8,5% (IC 95%: 6,4-11,3%). La prevalencia de C. trachomatis fue superior en las mujeres con sintomatología vaginal [11,3% (30/265) vs. 5,4% (13/240)] (p=0,018), así como en las mujeres menores de 26 años [11,5% (28/244) vs. 6,1% (15/246)] (p=0,021). A partir del análisis filogenético, se observó que el 62% de las muestras positivas para el gen ompA pertenecieron al genotipo E, 15% al genotipo J, 15% al genotipo D y 8% al F. Conclusiones. Este trabajo es el primer aporte sobre la epidemiología molecular de C. trachomatis en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina, que muestra la tasa de prevalencia de esta bacteria y ofrece información de genotipos circulantes.Background. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacteria causing sexually transmitted infections. In women, this infection can cause cervicitis and urethritis, although it’s usually asymptomatic. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of C. trachomatis in women attending the lab Instituto de Previsión Social and detect the genotypes. Material and methods. Endocervical samples from 505 symptomatic and asymptomatic women were assayed. It was determined the presence of C. trachomatis by PCR through amplification of a fragment of the cryptic plasmid. Positive samples were genotyped by the partial amplification of the ompA gene and analyzed phylogenetically. Results. Forty-three positive samples were detected to infection with C. trachomatis, obtaining a prevalence of 8.5% (IC 95%: 6.4-11.3%). The prevalence of C. trachomatis was higher in women with vaginal symptoms [11.3% (30/265) vs. 5.4% (13/240)] (p = 0.018), as well as in women under 26 year-old [11.5% (28/244) vs. 6.2% (15/246)] (p = 0.021). Based on phylogenetic analysis, it was observed that 62% of the samples were genotype E, 15% genotype J, 15% genotype D, and 8% genotype F. Conclusions. This work is the first contribution on the molecular epidemiology of C. trachomatis in the Misiones province, Argentina, which shows the rate of prevalence of this bacterium and offers information on circulating genotypesFil: Jordá, Graciela Beatriz. Laboratorio Instituto de Previsión Social de Misiones; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología; ArgentinaFil: Hanke, Silvina Elizabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología; ArgentinaFil: Ramos Rincón, José Manuel. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante; EspañaFil: Mosmann, Jessica Paola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella"; ArgentinaFil: López Rodriguez, Maria Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Laboratorio Instituto de Previsión Social de Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Entrocassi, Adrea Carolina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Cuffini, Cecilia Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella"; Argentin

Technical guidance on monitoring for the Marine Stategy Framework Directive

The Marine Directors of the European Union (EU), Acceding Countries, Candidate Countries and EFTA Countries have jointly developed a common strategy for supporting the implementation of the Directive 2008/56/EC, “the Marine Strategy Framework Directive” (MSFD). The main aim of this strategy is to allow a coherent and harmonious implementation of the Directive. Focus is on methodological questions related to a common understanding of the technical and scientific implications of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. In particular, one of the objectives of the strategy is the development of non-legally binding and practical documents, such as this technical guidance on monitoring for the MSFD. These documents are targeted to those experts who are directly or indirectly implementing the MSFD in the marine regions. The document has been prepared by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (JRC) with the contribution of experts from Member States, Regional Seas Conventions and ICES and following consultation of the Working Group on Good Environmental Status.JRC.H.1-Water Resource

Terms of reference for the mediterranean tuna habitat observatory initiative

[EN] We present the Terms of Reference for a case study on a Mediterranean eco-region focusing on the environmental component of the Ecosystem Report Card. The objective of this case study is to describe and monitor the variability of environmental processes in the Mediterranean Sea that affect the ecology of large pelagic fishes, with a particular attention on tunas, and the possible role of climate change on this variability. Here we define the objectives and activities of the initiative, the participant roles, primary indicators and the methodological approach[FR] Ce document présente les termes de référence d’une étude de cas sur une écorégion méditerranéenne consacrée à la composante environnementale de la fiche informative sur les écosystèmes. L'objectif de cette étude de cas est de décrire et de suivre la variabilité des processus environnementaux en mer Méditerranée qui affectent l'écologie des grands poissons pélagiques, en accordant une attention particulière aux thonidés, et de déterminer le rôle possible du changement climatique sur cette variabilité. Nous définissons ici les objectifs et les activités de l'initiative, les rôles des participants, les indicateurs primaires et l'approche méthodologique.[ES] En el documento se presentan los términos de referencia para un estudio de caso sobre una ecorregión mediterránea centrado en el componente medioambiental de la ficha informativa sobre ecosistemas. El objetivo de este estudio de caso es describir y hacer un seguimiento de la variabilidad de los procesos medioambientales en el mar Mediterráneo que afectan a la ecología de los grandes peces pelágicos, con especial atención a los túnidos, y el posible papel del cambio climático en esta variabilidad. A continuación, se definen los objetivos y actividades de la iniciativa, las funciones de los participantes, los indicadores principales y el enfoque metodológico.Peer reviewe