151 research outputs found
Wall shear stress in outflow tract premature ventricular contraction location assessed through 4D-flow MRI
Transformation et diffusion des anneaux en schiste du Pissot dans le NĂ©olithique ancien de la moitiĂ© nord de la France : de lâaffleurement aux habitats en passant par les occupations productrices de la Plaine de SĂ©es/Alençon
Ce projet de recherche collectif et pluridisciplinaire a dĂ©butĂ© en 2009 avec le concours des Drac de Basse-Normandie et des Pays de la Loire ainsi que de lâInrap. Il se poursuivra en 2010 et sera finalisĂ© par une publication monographique. Son but est dâĂ©tudier lâorganisation des populations du « Villeneuve-Saint-Germain » Ă travers la chaĂźne opĂ©ratoire de la transformation dâun matĂ©riau affleurant au sein de la Plaine de SĂ©es/Alençon et mis Ă contribution pour rĂ©aliser un Ă©lĂ©ment emblĂ©matiqu..
Impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy optimization inside a heart failure programme : a realâworld experience
Aims: This study sought to describe and evaluate the impact of a routine inâhospital cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) programme, including comprehensive heart failure (HF) evaluation and systematic echoâguided CRT optimization. Methods and results: CRT implanted patients were referred for optimization programme at 3 to 12 months from implantation. The program included clinical and biological status, standardized screening for potential cause of CRT nonâresponse and systematic echoâguided atrioventricular and interventricular delays (AVd and VVd) optimization. Initial CRTâresponse and improvement at 6 months postâoptimization were assessed with a clinical composite score (CCS). Major HF events were tracked during 1 year after optimization. A total of 227 patients were referred for CRT optimization and enrolled (71 ± 11 years old, 77% male, LVEF 30.6 ± 7.9%), of whom 111 (48.9%) were classified as initial nonâresponders. Left ventricular lead dislodgement was noted in 4 patients (1.8%), and loss or â€90% biventricular capture in 22 (9.7%), mostly due to arrhythmias. Of the 196 patients (86%) who could undergo echoâguided CRT optimization, 71 (36.2%) required VVd modification and 50/144 (34.7%) AVd modification. At 6 months postâoptimization, 34.3% of the initial nonâresponders were improved according to the CCS, but neither AVd nor VVd echoâguided modification was significantly associated with CCSâimprovement. After oneâyear followâup, initial nonâresponders maintained a higher rate of major HF events than initial responders, with no significant difference between AVd/VVd modified or not. Conclusions: Our study supports the necessity of a close, comprehensive and multidisciplinary followâup of CRT patients, without arguing for routine use of echoâguided CRT optimization
"It was my own decision": the transformational shift that influences a woman's decision to use contraceptives covertly.
BACKGROUND: Family planning (FP) is an important element of sexual and reproductive health and rights, but socio-cultural barriers and unbalanced gender relations often limit women's decision-making about contraceptive use. Covert contraceptive use (CCU) exemplifies the limits on women's decision-making and represents a way in which some women overcome constraints to achieve their reproductive goals. This study explores the decision-making process through which women choose to use contraceptives covertly. METHODS: A qualitative synthesis was conducted using data from women, health providers, community members, health administrators, and intervention implementers (nâ=â400) to explore the decision-making process through which women choose to use contraceptives covertly. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted at two time points as part of an evaluation of interventions integrating FP and childhood immunisation services at sites in Benin, Kenya, Malawi and Uganda. The sexual and reproductive health empowerment framework by Karp et al. (2020) was adapted and used to guide the analysis. RESULTS: Women recognised that although they suffered the negative consequences of frequent pregnancies and of raising large families, they lacked overt decision-making power over their fertility. Women were confident to engage in CCU because they believed their husbands did not understand these consequences nor acknowledged their suffering, which justified not informing them. CCU was a difficult choice however, women felt comfortable voicing their reproductive preferences in settings where health providers were supportive. CONCLUSIONS: Women chose to use contraceptives covertly when they questioned the unfairness of their situation and recognised their own power to act in accordance with their reproductive preferences. This represented an important shift in a woman's perception of who is entitled to make decisions about contraceptive use. Importantly, health providers can play a key role in supporting women's autonomous decision making about contraceptive use and should be careful not to undermine women's confidence
LâIndice de BiodiversitĂ© Potentielle (IBP) dans les SLDF. SynthĂšse de 12 projets
Les 7 et 8 avril 2015 Ă Paris, le ministĂšre de l'Ecologie a organisĂ©, avec l'appui de la FĂ©dĂ©ration nationale des Communes forestiĂšres et en lien avec la FĂ©dĂ©ration des Parcs naturels rĂ©gionaux, le sĂ©minaire de clĂŽture de l'appel Ă projet sur « la prise en compte de la biodiversitĂ© dans les StratĂ©gies locales de dĂ©veloppement forestier (SLDF) ». Les SLDF dĂ©signent des outils de dĂ©veloppement tels que les Chartes forestiĂšres de territoires (CFT) et les Plans de DĂ©veloppement de Massif (PDM). Animatrice du rĂ©seau des CFT, la FĂ©dĂ©ration nationale des Communes forestiĂšres a suivi l'appel Ă projet depuis son lancement en 2012, dans le cadre de la StratĂ©gie nationale de la BiodiversitĂ© (SNB). En prĂ©sence des ministĂšres en charge de la biodiversitĂ© (MEDDE) et de la forĂȘt (MAAF), ce sĂ©minaire a d'abord prĂ©sentĂ© un panorama des projets rĂ©alisĂ©s. Les objectifs: Ă©valuer les rĂ©sultats, les facteurs de rĂ©ussites et les difficultĂ©s rencontrĂ©es, valoriser les expĂ©riences menĂ©es et en tirer des enseignements pour une diffusion des mĂ©thodes et des pratiques pour d'autres territoires. Ont ainsi tĂ©moignĂ© des porteurs de dĂ©marches territoriales forĂȘt-bois, des Ă©lus et des acteurs de l'environnement et de la recherche. La qualitĂ© des projets en termes de partenariat, de sensibilisation sur le terrain et de dialogue entre les diffĂ©rents acteurs a Ă©tĂ© unanimement soulignĂ©e. Les collectivitĂ©s locales ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©es comme cheffes de file de ces initiatives pionniĂšres. L'accent a Ă©tĂ© mis la premiĂšre journĂ©e sur les moyens de connaissance de la biodiversitĂ© et sa prise en compte dans la gestion forestiĂšre : production de donnĂ©es, d'informations et appropriation par les acteurs concernĂ©s. Mais aussi la diffusion de cette connaissance, notamment auprĂšs des professionnels de la filiĂšre comme les Entrepreneurs de Travaux forestiers (ETF) et sa concrĂ©tisation dans les documents de gestion forestiĂšre: plans simples de gestion, documents d'amĂ©nagement. Pour poursuivre ces dĂ©marches, un lien plus fort doit ĂȘtre crĂ©Ă© entre les territoires forestiers et la recherche qui dispose de mĂ©thodes et de connaissances approfondies, notamment sur les questions climatiques. Les retours d'expĂ©riences ont confirmĂ© la nĂ©cessitĂ© d'intĂ©grer la biodiversitĂ© dans des dĂ©marches plus transversales. Elle ne doit pas ĂȘtre "sacralisĂ©e" en forĂȘt mais "socialisĂ©e", ont rappelĂ© plusieurs intervenants. De plus, ces dĂ©marches doivent ĂȘtre incitatives plutĂŽt que prescriptives et rĂšglementaires. Il faut "donner envie" et mĂȘme proposer des outils "ludiques", adaptĂ©s Ă un public large de propriĂ©taires. Les projets ont aussi montrĂ© que la biodiversitĂ© apporte une vraie plus-value Ă©conomique sur les territoires: rĂ©silience des forĂȘts, respect des sols et qualitĂ© de l'eau, meilleure adaptation aux changements climatiques. Un bon exemple : les Projets Sylvicoles Territoriaux (PST) de la rĂ©gion RhĂŽne-Alpes vise, au-delĂ de la production de bois d'Ćuvre, Ă optimiser les services Ă©cosystĂ©miques rendus par la forĂȘt et Ă dĂ©cloisonner les approches : prise en compte dans les actions sylvicoles du carbone, de l'eau, de la biodiversitĂ©, des paysages ou encore des besoins Ă©conomiques de la filiĂšre locale. La derniĂšre journĂ©e Ă©tait consacrĂ©e Ă la prĂ©sentation des outils et des financements europĂ©ens ainsi que les politiques publiques menĂ©es en France en faveur de la biodiversitĂ©. Les participants ont soulignĂ© que les actions pionniĂšres menĂ©es sur le terrain nĂ©cessitent une animation importante et demande des moyens. Dans ce domaine, les RĂ©gions apparaissent comme les pilotes des futures politiques publiques de la biodiversitĂ© en cohĂ©rence attendue avec la politique nationale. MichaĂ«l Weber, vice-prĂ©sident de la FĂ©dĂ©ration des Parcs Naturels RĂ©gionaux et prĂ©sident de l'association des Communes forestiĂšres de Moselle, a ajoutĂ© que "les communes forestiĂšres, en tant que propriĂ©taires de forĂȘts et acteur indispensable des territoires, Ă©taient au carrefour de ces prĂ©occupations et force de concertation"
Introduction to the French GEOTRACES North Atlantic transect (GA01): GEOVIDE cruise
© 2018 Author(s). The GEOVIDE cruise, a collaborative project within the framework of the international GEOTRACES programme, was conducted along the French-led section in the North Atlantic Ocean (Section GA01), between 15 May and 30 June 2014. In this special issue (https://www.biogeosciences.net/special-issue900.html), results from GEOVIDE, including physical oceanography and trace element and isotope cyclings, are presented among 18 articles. Here, the scientific context, project objectives, and scientific strategy of GEOVIDE are provided, along with an overview of the main results from the articles published in the special issue
Viral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition
A unique collection of oceanic samples was gathered by the Tara Oceans expeditions (2009-2013), targeting plankton organisms ranging from viruses to metazoans, and providing rich environmental context measurements. Thanks to recent advances in the field of genomics, extensive sequencing has been performed for a deep genomic analysis of this huge collection of samples. A strategy based on different approaches, such as metabarcoding, metagenomics, single-cell genomics and metatranscriptomics, has been chosen for analysis of size-fractionated plankton communities. Here, we provide detailed procedures applied for genomic data generation, from nucleic acids extraction to sequence production, and we describe registries of genomics datasets available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA, www.ebi.ac.uk/ena). The association of these metadata to the experimental procedures applied for their generation will help the scientific community to access these data and facilitate their analysis. This paper complements other efforts to provide a full description of experiments and open science resources generated from the Tara Oceans project, further extending their value for the study of the world's planktonic ecosystems
Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress
In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the ââGreenâ Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instrumentsâ development and satellite missionsâ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion
Altimetry for the future: building on 25 years of progress
In 2018 we celebrated 25âŻyears of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology.
The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the âGreenâ Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instrumentsâ development and satellite missionsâ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion
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