Current Productions Carnuntum, German Limes and Radiopast

[EN] The here presented three chosen projects mark out different techniques of production and their transmission of content. The differentiated impact on the public absorption of the transported content are described dependent to experiences with it in exhibitions and publications, and can be used to rectify future approaches of similar topics. In most of these productions, technical difficulties were observed and solved through extensive use of different tools and techniques to achieve a reasonable output and represent our current state of knowledge which we would like to share. The documentation of the production as well as the communication between the production and research team is indispensable to the sucsess of these media formats.[ES] Presento tres proyectos elegidos que delimitan técnicas diferentes de la producción y su transmisión de contenido. El impacto diferenciado en la absorción pública del contenido es descrito dependiente a experiencias con ello en exposiciones y publicaciones, y puede ser usado para rectificar futuros acercamientos de temas similares. En la mayor parte de estas producciones, las dificultades técnicas fueron estudiadas y solucionadas por el uso extenso de instrumentos diferentes y técnicas para conseguir una salida razonable y representar nuestro estado del conocimiento que nos gustaría compartir. La documentación de la producción así como la comunicación entre la producción y grupo de investigación es indispensable en estos formatos multimedia.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007- 2013) under grant agreement n° 230679, under the action Marie Curie – People IAPP, with the Project entitled “Radiography of the past. Integrated non-destructive approaches to understand and valorise complex archaeological sitesHumer, F.; Gugl, C.; Pregesbauer, M.; Vermeulen, F.; Corsi, C.; Klein, M. (2011). Current Productions Carnuntum, German Limes and Radiopast. Virtual Archaeology Review. 2(4):131-137. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2011.4569OJS13113724CORSI C., DE DAPPER M., DE PREZ S., VERMEULEN F. (2005). Geoarchaeological observations on the Roman town of Ammaia, Internet Archaeology 19.CORSI C., VERMEULEN F. (2007). Elementi per la ricostruzione del paesaggio urbano e suburbano della città romana di Ammaia in Lusitania, Lusitania, Archeologia Aerea 3: 13-30.DEPREZ S., DE DAPPER M. & DE JAEGER C. (2006), The water supply of the Roman town of Ammaia (Northeastern Alentejo, Portugal): a geoarchaeological case study, Publicações da Associação Portuguesa de Geomorfólogos 3: 109-133.MANTAS V. (2000). A sociedade luso-romano do município de Ammaia, in: Gorges J.-G. & Nogales Basarrate T. (Eds.), Sociedad y cultura en Lusitania romana, Mérida, Museo Nacional de Arte Romano: 391-420.http://www.carnuntum.co.at/ , http://www.carnuntum-db.at/, http://www.limes.co.at/, http://7reasons.at/http://www.limeswelten.net/, http://www.arctron.de/, http://7reasons.at

Using 18O/2H, 3H/3He, 85Kr and CFCs to determine mean residence times and water origin in the Grazer and Leibnitzer Feld groundwater bodies (Austria)

Two groundwater bodies, Grazer Feld and Leibnitzer Feld, with surface areas of 166 and 103 km2 respectively are characterised for the first time by measuring the combination of δ18O/δ2H, 3H/3He, 85Kr, CFC-11, CFC-12 and hydrochemistry in 34 monitoring wells in 2009/2010. The timescales of groundwater recharge have been characterised by 131 δ18O measurements of well and surface water sampled on a seasonal basis. Most monitoring wells show a seasonal variation or indicate variable contributions of the main river Mur (0–30%, max. 70%) and/or other rivers having their recharge areas in higher altitudes. Combined δ18O/δ2H-measurements indicate that 65–75% of groundwater recharge in the unusual wet year of 2009 was from precipitation in the summer based on values from the Graz meteorological station. Monitoring wells downstream of gravel pit lakes show a clear evaporation trend. A boron–nitrate differentiation plot shows more frequent boron-rich water in the more urbanised Grazer Feld and more frequent nitrate-rich water in the more agricultural used Leibnitzer Feld indicating that a some of the nitrate load in the Grazer Feld comes from urban sewer water. Several lumped parameter models based on tritium input data from Graz and monthly data from the river Mur (Spielfeld) since 1977 yield a Mean Residence Time (MRT) for the Mur-water itself between 3 and 4 years in this area. Data from δ18O, 3H/3He measurements at the Wagna lysimeter station supports the conclusion that 90% of the groundwaters in the Grazer Feld and 73% in the Leibnitzer Feld have MRTs of 20 m) with relative thicker unsaturated zones. The young MRT of groundwater from two monitoring wells in the Leibnitzer Feld was confirmed by 85Kr-measurements. Most CFC-11 and CFC-12 concentrations in the groundwater exceed the equilibration concentrations of modern concentrations in water and are therefore unsuitable for dating purposes. An enrichment factor up to 100 compared to atmospheric equilibrium concentrations and the obvious correlation of CFC-12 with SO4, Na, Cl and B in the ground waters of the Grazer Feld suggest that waste water in contact with CFC-containing material above and below ground is the source for the contamination. The dominance of very young groundwater (<5 years) indicates a recent origin of the contamination by nitrate and many other components observed in parts of the groundwater bodies. Rapid measures to reduce those sources are needed to mitigate against further deterioration of these waters

Bivariate jointness measures in Bayesian Model Averaging: Solving the conundrum

We introduce a new measure of bivariate jointness to assess the degree of inclusion dependency between pairs of explanatory variables in Bayesian Model Averaging analysis. Building on the discussion concerning appropriate statistics to assess covariate inclusion dependency in this context, a set of desirable properties for bivariate jointness measures is proposed. We show that none of the proposed measures so far meets all these criteria and an alternative measure is presented which fulfils all of them. Our measure corresponds to a regularised version of the Yule’s Q association coefficient, obtained by combining the original measure with a Jeffreys prior to avoid problems in the case of zero counts. We provide an empirical illustration using cross-country data on economic growth and its determinants

Unveiling covariate inclusion structures in economic growth regressions using latent class analysis

We propose the use of Latent Class Analysis methods to analyze the covariate inclusion patterns across specifications resulting from Bayesian Model Averaging exercises. Using Dirichlet Process clustering, we are able to identify and describe dependency structures among variables in terms of inclusion in the specifications that compose the model space. We apply the method to two datasets of potential determinants of economic growth. Clustering the posterior covariate inclusion structure of the model pace formed by linear regression models reveals interesting patterns of complementarity and substitutabiliy across economic growth determinants

A Bayesian network analysis of psychosocial risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate and model the interactions between a range of risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation using general population data collected during the critical phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Bayesian network analyses were applied to cross-sectional data collected 1 month after the COVID-19 lockdown measures were implemented in Austria and the United Kingdom. In nationally representative samples (n = 1,005 Austria; n = 1,006 UK), sociodemographic features and a multi-domain battery of health, wellbeing and quality of life (QOL) measures were completed. Predictive accuracy was examined using the area under the curve (AUC) within-sample (country) and out-of-sample. Results: The AUC of the Bayesian network models were ≥ 0.84 within-sample and ≥0.79 out-of-sample, explaining close to 50% of variability in suicidal ideation. In total, 15 interrelated risk and protective factors were identified. Seven of these factors were replicated in both countries: depressive symptoms, loneliness, anxiety symptoms, self-efficacy, resilience, QOL physical health, and QOL living environment. Conclusions: Bayesian network models had high predictive accuracy. Several psychosocial risk and protective factors have complex interrelationships that influence suicidal ideation. It is possible to predict suicidal risk with high accuracy using this information

Does vegetation affect the methane oxidation efficiency of passive biosystems?

Abstract: It is often reported in the technical literature that the presence of vegetation improves the methane oxidation efficiency of biosystems; however, the phenomena involved and biosystem performance results are still poorly documented, particularly in the field. This triggered a study to assess the importance of vegetation in methane oxidation efficiency (MOE). In this study, 4 large scale columns, each filled with sand, topsoil and a mixture of compost and topsoil were tested under controlled conditions in the laboratory and partially controlled conditions in the field. Four series of laboratory tests and two series of field tests were performed. 4 different plant covers were tested for each series: Trifolium repens L. (White clover), Phleum pratense L. (Timothy grass), a mixture of both, and bare soil as the control biosystem. The study results indicated that up to a loading equal to 100 g CH4/m2/d, the type of plant cover did not influence the oxidation rates, and the MOE was quite high (⩾95%) in all columns. Beyond this point, the oxidation rate continued to increase, reaching 253 and 179 g CH4/m2/d in laboratory and field tests respectively. In the end, the bare soil achieved as high or higher MOEs than vegetated biosystems. Despite the fact that the findings of this study cannot be generalized to other types of biosystems and plants and that the vegetation types tested were not fully grown, it was shown that for the short-term tests performed and the types of substrates and plants used herein, vegetation does not seem to be a key factor for enhancing biosystem performance. This key conclusion does not corroborate the conclusion of the relatively few studies published in the technical literature assessing the importance of vegetation in MOE