Seismic chimney characterisation in the North Sea – Implications for pockmark formation and shallow gas migration

Fluid-escape structures within sedimentary basins permit pressure-driven focused fluid flow through inter-connected faults, fractures and sediment. Seismically-imaged chimneys are recognised as fluid migration pathways which cross-cut overburden stratigraphy, hydraulically connecting deeper strata with the seafloor. However, the geological processes in the sedimentary overburden which control the mechanisms of genesis and temporal evolution require improved understanding. We integrate high resolution 2D and 3D seismic reflection data with sediment core data to characterise a natural, active site of seafloor methane venting in the UK North Sea and Witch Ground Basin, the Scanner pockmark complex. A regional assessment of shallow gas distribution presents direct evidence of active and palaeo-fluid migration pathways which terminate at the seabed pockmarks. We show that these pockmarks are fed from a methane gas reservoir located at 70 metres below the seafloor. We find that the shallow reservoir is a glacial outwash fan, that is laterally sealed by glacial tunnel valleys. Overpressure generation leading to chimney and pockmark genesis is directly controlled by the shallow geological and glaciogenic setting. Once formed, pockmarks act as drainage cells for the underlying gas accumulations. Fluid flow occurs through gas chimneys, comprised of a sub-vertical gas-filled fracture zone. Our findings provide an improved understanding of focused fluid flow and pockmark formation within the sediment overburden, which can be applied to subsurface geohazard assessment and geological storage of CO2

HLA Genes, Islet Autoantibodies and Residual C-Peptide at the Clinical Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the Risk of Retinopathy 15 Years Later

HLA genes, islet autoantibodies and residual C-peptide were studied to determine the independent association of each exposure with diabetic retinopathy (DR), 15 years after the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes in 15-34 year old individuals.The cohort was identified in 1992 and 1993 by the Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS), which investigates incident cases of diabetes for patients between 15 and 34 years of age. Blood samples at diagnosis were analyzed to determine HLA genotype, islet autoantibodies and serum C-peptide. In 2009, fundus photographs were obtained from patient records. Study measures were supplemented with data from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry.The prevalence of DR was 60.2% (148/246). Autoantibodies against the 65 kD isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GADA) at the onset of clinical diabetes increased the risk of DR 15 years later, relative risk 1.12 for each 100 WHO units/ml, [95% CI 1.02 to 1.23]. This equates to risk estimates of 1.27, [95% CI 1.04 to 1.62] and 1.43, [95% CI 1.06 to 1.94] for participants in the highest 25(th) (GADA>233 WHO units/ml) and 5(th) percentile (GADA>319 WHO units/ml) of GADA, respectively. These were adjusted for duration of diabetes, HbA(1c), treated hypertension, sex, age at diagnosis, HLA and C-peptide. Islet cell autoantibodies, insulinoma-antigen 2 autoantibodies, residual C-peptide and the type 1 diabetes associated haplotypes DQ2, DQ8 and DQ6 were not associated with DR.Increased levels of GADA at the onset of type 1 diabetes were associated with DR 15 years later. These results, if confirmed, could provide additional insights into the pathogenesis of the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and lead to better risk stratification for both patient screenings and DR treatment trials

Ocean current connectivity propelling the secondary spread of a marine invasive comb jelly across western Eurasia

Publication history: Accepted - 15 February 2018; Published - 16 May 2018.Aim: Invasive species are of increasing global concern. Nevertheless, the mechanisms driving further distribution after the initial establishment of non-native species remain largely unresolved, especially in marine systems. Ocean currents can be a major driver governing range occupancy, but this has not been accounted for in most invasion ecology studies so far. We investigate how well initial establishment areas are interconnected to later occupancy regions to test for the potential role of ocean currents driving secondary spread dynamics in order to infer invasion corridors and the source–sink dynamics of a non-native holoplanktonic biological probe species on a continental scale. Location: Western Eurasia. Time period: 1980s–2016. Major taxa studied: ‘Comb jelly’ Mnemiopsis leidyi. Methods: Based on 12,400 geo-referenced occurrence data, we reconstruct the invasion history of M. leidyi in western Eurasia. We model ocean currents and calculate their stability to match the temporal and spatial spread dynamics with large-scale connectivity patterns via ocean currents. Additionally, genetic markers are used to test the predicted connectivity between subpopulations. Results: Ocean currents can explain secondary spread dynamics, matching observed range expansions and the timing of first occurrence of our holoplanktonic non-native biological probe species, leading to invasion corridors in western Eurasia. In northern Europe, regional extinctions after cold winters were followed by rapid recolonizations at a speed of up to 2,000 km per season. Source areas hosting year-round populations in highly interconnected regions can re-seed genotypes over large distances after local extinctions. Main conclusions: Although the release of ballast water from container ships may contribute to the dispersal of non-native species, our results highlight the importance of ocean currents driving secondary spread dynamics. Highly interconnected areas hosting invasive species are crucial for secondary spread dynamics on a continental scale. Invasion risk assessments should consider large-scale connectivity patterns and the potential source regions of non-native marine species.Danish Council for Independent Research; Grant/Award Number: DFF-1325-00102B; FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions, Grant/Award Number: MOBILEX, DFF - 1325-00025; EU, BONUS, BMBF, Grant/ Award Number: 03F0682; Excellence Cluster “Future Ocean”, Grant/Award Number: CP153

Comparison of Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate, Tc-99m human immune globulin, and Tc-99m-labeled white blood cell scintigraphy in the diabetic foot

Purpose: The aims of this prospective study were to evaluate the contribution of Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP), Tc-99m human immune globulin (HIG), and Tc-99m white blood cell (WBC) to the diagnosis of osteomyelitis in the diabetic foot and to evaluate the surgical or medical therapy with Tc-99m HIG and Tc-99m WBC scans

Analysis of growth curves of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) fed diets containing dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) in an organic system

In this study, 240 day-old guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) keets were utilized. They were divided into four treatment groups each containing 20 chicks and were randomly distributed into 12 mobile coops placed in a 100-m2 grazing area. Guinea fowl chicks were randomly allocated to 4 treatment diets containing 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% dry oregano leaf (DOL) supplements. Nonlinear Gompertz and logistic growth models were used to estimate the mean age-body weight. The growth curve parameters for these models and the following characteristics for fowl were estimated: β0, the asymptotic weight parameter; β the scaling parameter; β2, the instantaneous per week growth rate; weight at age of inflection point (WIP); maximum weight gain at inflection point (MWG); and age at the inflection point (AIP). The goodness of fit (GF) for the models was assessed using the following variables: coefficients of determination (r2), mean square error (MSE), adjusted determination coefficient (ADR2), Akaike's information criteria (AIC), chi-square test (Chi.Sq2) and residual standard deviation (RSD). The different nonlinear function results of the individual data indicated that supplementation of diets with DOL had no significant effects on growth curve parameters when compared with the control diet. Greater correlation values were estimated among β0, β1, β2, WIP, MWG and AIP in the Gompertz equation, and similar results were estimated in the logistic equation, but there was no significant correlation between β2-β1 and β2-MWG. According to the results obtained from the GF, high r2 and ADR2 were estimated in Gompertz and logistic equations (above 0.96).En este estudio, se utilizaron las gallinas de Guinea (Numidea meleagris) de 240 días de vida. Se dividieron en cuatro grupos de tratamiento cada uno con 20 pollitos y fueron distribuidos al azar en 12 gallineros móviles colocadas en todos y cada uno de los 100 m2 de área de pastoreo. Gallinas de Guinea fueron asignadas al azar a 4 tratamientos (dietas) que contengan 0%, 5%, 10% y 15% de suplemento de hojas de orégano seco (DOL). Modelos no lineales de Gompertz y modelos logísticos fueron utilizados para estimar la edad media-peso vivo. El parámetro de curva de crecimiento de estos modelos y sus características para la gallina β0 es el parámetro de peso asintótico, β1 es el parámetro de escala, β2 es la tasa de crecimiento instantáneo por semana, el peso a la edad del punto de inflexión (WIP), el aumento de peso máximo en el punto de inflexión (MWG), la edad en el punto de inflexión (AIP). La bondad de ajuste (GF) de los modelos evaluados usando Coeficientes de Determinación (r2), El error cuadrático medio (MSE), el coeficiente de determinación ajustado (ADR2), los criterios de información de Akaike (AIC), la prueba de Pearson (ChiSq2) y la desviación estándar residual (RSD). Los diferentes resultados de las funciones no lineales de los datos individuales indicaron que la suplementación de dietas con DOL no tuvo efectos significativos en los parámetros de la curva de crecimiento en comparación con la dieta de control. Se estimaron valores de correlación más altos entre β0, β1, β2, WIP, MWG y AIP en la ecuación de Gompertz y un resultado similar estimado en la ecuación logística, pero no hay correlación significativa entre β2-β1 y β2-MWG. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos de GF, r2 alta y ADR2 se estimaron en la ecuación de Gompertz y logística por encima de 0,96

THE CULTURAL ADAPTATION, RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE SIMPLE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE IN COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ-T) in patients with common mental disorders. Methods: A total of eighty-one patients (mean age: 40.14 +/- 13.05 years) were included in this study. The SIMPAQ-T was used to evaluate the participants' physical activity levels and sedentary behaviors. To be used as descriptive data, DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure-Adult was used to evaluate mental health symptomatology. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) were used to test the validity of the questionnaire. Results: The items of the SIMPAQ-T exhibited excellent intercorrelation coefficient (ICC) values (time spent in bed (0.93 (95% CI: 0.90-0.96)), sedentary time 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80-0.92), walking time 0.98 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99), exercise time 0.99 (95% CI: 0.99-0.99), and incidental activity time 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92-0.97)). The SIMPAQ-T was moderately correlated with IPAQ-SF in terms of sedentary (rho=0.641, p=0.001) and walking time (rho=0.564, p=0.001), indicating good construct validity. However, the BPRS had a significant correlation with only the sedentary time of the SIMPAQ (rho=0.246, p=0.022), indicating convergent validity was poor. Conclusion: The SIMPAQ-T is semantically and linguistically adequate to quickly assess physical activity level and sedentary behavior in patients with common mental disorders

Ulusal Standartlar Açısından Teknopedagojik Eğitime Dayalı Öğretmen Yeterliklerinin Oluşturulması

In literature, there are a number of technology integration models that could be a conceptual framework for effective technology use in the teaching process. One of these models is Technopedagogical education (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). The Technopedagogical education model is an integration model based on teacher competencies. However, although there are various studies conducted on this model in literature, there is no research carried out to determine teacher competencies based on the Technopedagogical education model. Depending on this, the purpose of the present study was to determine teacher competencies based on Technopedagogical education. The study was carried out with the qualitative research design. The participants of the study were 24 faculty members. In the study, audio and video recordings, researcher journals and workshop documents were used as the data collection tools. For the analysis of the research data, the techniques of descriptive analysis and inductive analysis were applied. Based on the views of field experts, the obtained results revealed 20 competencies within the framework of six competency fields and 120 performance indicators defining these competencies. The obtained indicators were discussed in line with the related literature.Öğretim sürecinde etkili teknoloji kullanımına kavramsal çerçeve olabilecek alanyazında birçok teknoloji entegrasyonu modeli yer almaktadır.  Bu modellerden biri de, Teknopedagojik eğitim (TPİB-TPACK) modelidir. Teknopedagojik eğitim modeli, öğretmen yeterliklerine dayalı bir entegrasyon modelidir. Ancak, modele ilişkin alanyazında çeşitli araştırmalar olmasına karşın Teknopedagojik eğitim modelini temel alan öğretmen yeterliklerini belirleme çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır. Buna bağlı olarak bu araştırmanın amacı, Teknopedagojik eğitime dayalı öğretmen yeterliklerinin belirlenmesidir.  Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemi temel alınarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 7-8-9 Ekim 2009 tarihinde “3. Uluslararası Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Sempozyumu” kapsamında gerçekleştirilen Teknopedagojik Eğitim Göstergeleri Çalıştayı’na katılan 24 öğretim elemanı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak video kayıtlarından, ses kayıtlarından, araştırmacı günlüklerinden ve çalıştay dokümanlarından yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz ve tümevarımsal analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda alan uzmanlarının görüşleri temel alınarak altı yeterlik alanı çerçevesinde 20 yeterliğe ve bu yeterlikleri tanımlayan 120 performans göstergesine ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen göstergeler alanyazına dayalı olarak tartışılmıştır

Ulusal Standartlar Açısından Teknopedagojik Eğitime Dayalı Öğretmen Yeterliklerinin Oluşturulması

Öğretim sürecinde etkili teknoloji kullanımına kavramsal çerçeve olabilecek alanyazında birçok teknoloji entegrasyonu modeli yer almaktadır. Bu modellerden biri de, Teknopedagojik eğitim (TPİB-TPACK) modelidir. Teknopedagojik eğitim modeli, öğretmen yeterliklerine dayalı bir entegrasyon modelidir. Ancak, modele ilişkin alanyazında çeşitli araştırmalar olmasına karşın Teknopedagojik eğitim modelini temel alan öğretmen yeterliklerini belirleme çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır. Buna bağlı olarak bu araştırmanın amacı, Teknopedagojik eğitime dayalı öğretmen yeterliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemi temel alınarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 7-8-9 Ekim 2009 tarihinde "3. Uluslararası Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Sempozyumu" kapsamında gerçekleştirilen Teknopedagojik Eğitim Göstergeleri Çalıştayı'na katılan 24 öğretim elemanı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak video kayıtlarından, ses kayıtlarından, araştırmacı günlüklerinden ve çalıştay dokümanlarından yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz ve tümevarımsal analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda alan uzmanlarının görüşleri temel alınarak altı yeterlik alanı çerçevesinde 20 yeterliğe ve bu yeterlikleri tanımlayan 120 performans göstergesine ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen göstergeler alanyazına dayalı olarak tartışılmıştır.Öğretim sürecinde etkili teknoloji kullanımına kavramsal çerçeve olabilecek alanyazında birçok teknoloji entegrasyonu modeli yer almaktadır. Bu modellerden biri de, Teknopedagojik eğitim (TPİB-TPACK) modelidir. Teknopedagojik eğitim modeli, öğretmen yeterliklerine dayalı bir entegrasyon modelidir. Ancak, modele ilişkin alanyazında çeşitli araştırmalar olmasına karşın Teknopedagojik eğitim modelini temel alan öğretmen yeterliklerini belirleme çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır. Buna bağlı olarak bu araştırmanın amacı, Teknopedagojik eğitime dayalı öğretmen yeterliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemi temel alınarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 7-8-9 Ekim 2009 tarihinde “3. Uluslararası Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Sempozyumu” kapsamında gerçekleştirilen Teknopedagojik Eğitim Göstergeleri Çalıştayı’na katılan 24 öğretim elemanı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak video kayıtlarından, ses kayıtlarından, araştırmacı günlüklerinden ve çalıştay dokümanlarından yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz ve tümevarımsal analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda alan uzmanlarının görüşleri temel alınarak altı yeterlik alanı çerçevesinde 20 yeterliğe ve bu yeterlikleri tanımlayan 120 performans göstergesine ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen göstergeler alanyazına dayalı olarak tartışılmıştır