Enhancement factor distribution around a single SERS Hot-spot and its relation to Single Molecule detection

We provide the theoretical framework to understand the phenomenology and statistics of single-molecule (SM) signals arising in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) under the presence of so-called electromagnetic hot-spots (HS's). We show that most characteristics of the SM-SERS phenomenon can be tracked down to the presence of tail-like (power law) distribution of enhancements and we propose a specific model for it. We analyze, in the light of this, the phenomenology of SM-SERS and show how the different experimental manifestations of the effect reported in the literature can be analyzed and understood under a unified ``universal'' framework with a minimum set of parameters.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phy

A new database generation method combining maximin method and kriging prediction for eddy current testing

The accurate numerical simulation of the eddycurrent testing (ECT) experiments usually requires large computational efforts. To avoid the time-consuming computations, the idea – which is new in the domain of ECT –of using databases appeared recently. The database consists of well-chosen pairs of input-output samples of a specified ECT experiment. Once it is built, one just has to retrieve the sought data from the database instead of recoursing to the complicated and expensive-to-run simulation methods. However, the generation of such databases is not a straightforward task. This paper presents a new, kriging-based adaptive methodology which yields to databases optimized to the given problem

Characterization of eddy-current testing inverse problems using adaptive databases

International audienceOne of the main challenges in Eddy Current Testing (ECT) is the solution of the inverse problem, i.e., the determination of the defect properties knowing the measured data. To this end, many approaches and mathematical tools have been proposed. The so-called adaptive database-method has recently been developed. Its main idea is to store corresponding input-output data pairs in a database and, by fitting an interpolator to these samples, to solve approximately the forward and inverse problems at a low computational cost

Kriging for eddy-current testing problems

International audienceAccurate numerical simulation of eddy-current testing (ECT) experiments usually requires large computational efforts. To avoid time-consuming computations, a natural idea is to build a cheap approximation of the expensive-to-run simulator. In this paper, a kriging-based approximation of an ECT simulator is presented. Kriging is widely used in other domains, but is still quite unexplored in the ECT community. The kriging approximation is built using a random process model of the simulator and a set of simulation results obtained for a number of different input configurations. The resulting approximation might yield almost the same results as those of the simulator

Evaluation of Software Product Quality Metrics

Computing devices and associated software govern everyday life, and form the backbone of safety critical systems in banking, healthcare, automotive and other fields. Increasing system complexity, quickly evolving technologies and paradigm shifts have kept software quality research at the forefront. Standards such as ISO's 25010 express it in terms of sub-characteristics such as maintainability, reliability and security. A significant body of literature attempts to link these subcharacteristics with software metric values, with the end goal of creating a metric-based model of software product quality. However, research also identifies the most important existing barriers. Among them we mention the diversity of software application types, development platforms and languages. Additionally, unified definitions to make software metrics truly language-agnostic do not exist, and would be difficult to implement given programming language levels of variety. This is compounded by the fact that many existing studies do not detail their methodology and tooling, which precludes researchers from creating surveys to enable data analysis on a larger scale. In our paper, we propose a comprehensive study of metric values in the context of three complex, open-source applications. We align our methodology and tooling with that of existing research, and present it in detail in order to facilitate comparative evaluation. We study metric values during the entire 18-year development history of our target applications, in order to capture the longitudinal view that we found lacking in existing literature. We identify metric dependencies and check their consistency across applications and their versions. At each step, we carry out comparative evaluation with existing research and present our results.Comment: Published in: Molnar AJ., Neam\c{t}u A., Motogna S. (2020) Evaluation of Software Product Quality Metrics. In: Damiani E., Spanoudakis G., Maciaszek L. (eds) Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering. ENASE 2019. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1172. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40223-5_