Alcance de las garantías constitucionales en el proceso de calificación de pérdida de la capacidad laboral

The qualification of the loss of work capacity represents the basis of the recognition of thedisability pension. Through the qualification the functional aspects, the degree of affectationand the origin of the suffering of a patient are evaluated, so that the state entity in charge,establishes the economic benefit and the value to be recognized. In this context, the patienthas constitutional rights that must be guaranteed, however, in the development of the processthere are a number of shortcomings that do not provide an objective and impartial opinion, sincethe competent entities are not recognized as leaders of the State action, generating a dilatoryand violating attitude towards the fundamental rights of the patient, such as human dignity, life,health, social security and of course, due process. To substantiate this hypothesis, a qualitativeand legal analysis of the regulations was made, where these flaws are exposed, those that do notallow the patient to even identify the competent entity in its process. Finally, the ConstitutionalCourt’s arguments are presented, where there are inaccuracies such as poor analysis of theclinical material, opinions without technical-scientific foundations, violations of due process andgood faith, exclusion of pathologies or simply the status of judge and part of the interveningentities; then the scope of the constitutional guarantees available to the patient will be minimal,making him a mere spectator and always forcing him to go to court to request the protection ofhis rights.La calificación de la pérdida de la capacidad laboral, representa la base del reconocimiento de lapensión de invalidez. A través de la calificación se evalúan los aspectos funcionales, el grado deafectación y el origen del padecimiento de un paciente, para que la entidad estatal encargada,establezca la prestación económica y el valor a reconocer. En este marco, el paciente cuentacon unos derechos constitucionales que deben garantizarse, sin embargo, en el desarrollo delproceso existe una serie de falencias que no proporcionan un dictamen objetivo e imparcial,ya que las entidades competentes, no se reconocen como líderes de la actuación del Estado,generando una actitud dilatoria y violatoria de los derechos fundamentales del paciente, comola dignidad humana, la vida, la salud, la seguridad social y claro está el debido proceso. Parafundamentar tal hipótesis, se hizo un análisis cualitativo y jurídico de la normatividad, dondese exponen dichas falencias, aquellas que no le permiten al paciente tan siquiera identificar elente competente en su proceso. Finalmente se exponen argumentos de la Corte Constitucional,donde se evidencian imprecisiones como el poco análisis del material clínico, dictámenes sinfundamentos técnico-científicos, vulneraciones al debido proceso y la buena fe, exclusión depatologías o simplemente la condición de juez y parte de las entidades intervinientes; luego el alcance de las garantías constitucionales con que cuenta el paciente, serán mínimas,convirtiéndolo en un simple espectador y obligándolo siempre a acudir a la vía judicial parasolicitar la protección de sus derechos

Reporte de caso clínico de leiomiomatosis peritoneal diseminada

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare entity characterized by multiple benign smooth muscle nodules on the peritoneal surface. This article describes the case of a 58-year-old hypertensive, post menopausal woman who consulted for abdominal pain. She had no prior history of using hormone therapy or had any previous surgical history. When performing complementary studies a large pelvic mass of probable adnexal etiology was detected. An exploratory laparotomy was performed and a large tumor of approximately 30cm was documented. It covered the entire abdominal cavity and was unresectable. During histopathological study two different entities were described: leiomiomatosis peritonealis disseminata and leiomyosarcoma.  La leiomiomatosis peritoneal diseminada es una entidad rara, la cual se caracteriza por nódulos benignos de tejido muscular liso diseminados a nivel del peritoneo. En este artículo se describe el caso de una mujer de 58 años hipertensa, post menopaúsica sin antecedente de uso de terapia hormonal y sin antecedentes quirúrgicos la cual consulta por dolor abdominal. Al realizar estudios complementarios se detecta una gran masa pélvica de probable etiología anexial. Se realiza laparotomía exploratoria en la cual se documenta gran masa tumoral de aproximadamente 30 cm que abarca toda la cavidad abdominal, la cual es irresecable. Durante el estudio histopatológico se describen dos entidades diferentes: leiomiomatosis peritoneal diseminada y además leiomiosarcoma. &nbsp

Extracellular vesicles from Trypanosoma cruzi-dendritic cell interaction show modulatory properties and confer resistance to lethal infection as a cell-free based therapy strategy

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include a heterogeneous group of particles. Microvesicles, apoptotic bodies and exosomes are the most characterized vesicles. They can be distinguished by their size, morphology, origin and molecular composition. To date, increasing studies demonstrate that EVs mediate intercellular communication. EVs reach considerable interest in the scientific community due to their role in diverse processes including antigenpresentation, stimulation of anti-tumoral immune responses, tolerogenic or inflammatory effects. In pathogens, EV shedding is well described in fungi, bacteria, protozoan and helminths parasites. For Trypanosoma cruzi EV liberation and protein composition was previously described. Dendritic cells (DCs), among other cells, are key players promoting the immune response against pathogens and also maintaining self-tolerance. In previous reports we have demonstrate that T. cruzi downregulates DCs immunogenicity in vitro and in vivo. Here we analyze EVs from the in vitro interaction between blood circulating trypomastigotes (Tp) and bone-marrow-derived DCs. We found that Tp incremented the number and the size of EVs in cultures with DCs. EVs displayed some exosome markers and intracellular RNA. Protein analysis demonstrated that the parasite changes the DC protein-EV profile. We observed that EVs from the interaction of Tp-DCs were easily captured by unstimulated-DCs in comparison with EVs from DCs cultured without the parasite, and also modified the activation status of LPS-stimulated DCs. Noteworthy, we found protection in animals treated with EVs-DCs+Tp and challenged with T. cruzi lethal infection. Our goal is to go deep into the molecular characterization of EVs from the DCs-Tp interaction, in order to identify mediators for therapeutic purposes

Hilando en colectivo hacia una arqueología de género y feminista en Colombia: Colectivo GEFA (género, feminismo y arqueología)

This contribution presents the trajectory of the GEFA Collective (Gender, Feminism and Archaeology). This collective, from the perspective of situated knowledge, has woven together, problematized and debated gender perspectives and practical feminism in Colombian archaeology. We address various academic experiences such as seminars, workshops, and virtual spaces for discussion on gender and feminism as well as participation in international events. Based on this, we show how the materialization of a commitment to a collective and thoughtful project allows us to reflect and question the work of the archaeological discipline in Colombia.  En esta contribución se presenta la trayectoria del Colectivo GEFA (Género, Feminismo y Arqueología), que, tejiendo desde un conocimiento situado, ha problematizado y puesto en debate perspectivas de género y feminismo práctico en la arqueología colombiana. Se abordan diversas experiencias académicas como la realización de seminarios, talleres, espacios virtuales de discusión sobre género y feminismo y la participación en eventos internacionales; a partir de las cuales mostramos cómo la materialización de una apuesta por un proyecto colectivo y senti-pensante nos permite reflexionar y cuestionar el quehacer de la disciplina arqueológica en Colombia

Gallic Acid: A Natural Phenolic Compound Exerting Antitumoral Activities in Colorectal Cancer via Interaction with G-Quadruplexes

Natural phenolic compounds have gained momentum for the prevention and treatment of cancer, but their antitumoral mechanism of action is not yet well understood. In the present study, we screened the antitumoral potential of several phenolic compounds in a cellular model of colorectal cancer (CRC).We selected gallic acid (GA) as a candidate in terms of potency and selectivity and extensively evaluated its biological activity. We report on the role of GA as a ligand of DNA G-quadruplexes (G4s), explaining several of its antitumoral effects, including the transcriptional inhibition of ribosomal and CMYC genes. In addition, GA shared with other established G4 ligands some effects such as cell cycle arrest, nucleolar stress, and induction of DNA damage. We further confirmed the antitumoral and G4-stabilizing properties of GA using a xenograft model of CRC. Finally, we succinctly demonstrate that GA could be explored as a therapeutic agent in a patient cohort with CRC. Our work reveals that GA, a natural bioactive compound present in the diet, affects gene expression by interaction with G4s both in vitro and in vivo and paves the way towards G4s targeting with phenolic compounds.Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIEuropean Commission PI21/00497 AC18/00008Next generation EU, Plan de Recuperacion Transformacion y Resiliencia, Agencia Estatal de Investigacion PLEC2021-008094Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion from Government of Spain PID2019-104416RB-I00 PID2020-120481RB-I00Ministerio de Universidades from Government of Spain FPU16/05822 FPU17/05413 FPU20/03952University of Almeria FPI-20110

Genetic Structure of the Spanish Population

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genetic admixture is a common caveat for genetic association analysis. Therefore, it is important to characterize the genetic structure of the population under study to control for this kind of potential bias.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study we have sampled over 800 unrelated individuals from the population of Spain, and have genotyped them with a genome-wide coverage. We have carried out linkage disequilibrium, haplotype, population structure and copy-number variation (CNV) analyses, and have compared these estimates of the Spanish population with existing data from similar efforts.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In general, the Spanish population is similar to the Western and Northern Europeans, but has a more diverse haplotypic structure. Moreover, the Spanish population is also largely homogeneous within itself, although patterns of micro-structure may be able to predict locations of origin from distant regions. Finally, we also present the first characterization of a CNV map of the Spanish population. These results and original data are made available to the scientific community.</p

Reflections Magazine of the Faculty of Education. Volume 3 No. 4 July 1991

La formación en el afecto, en los valores, en la moral... ¿Qué mejor ámbito para su análisis e incorporación a una práctica social y pedagógica coherente con ello que la vida cotidiana?...la vida cotidiana escolar o familiar, personal o colectiva. Los afectos, y éstos como fundamento de una educación orientada hacia la formación de sujetos históricos, hombres y mujeres con responsabilidad, compromiso y conciencia sociales, corresponden a una de las formas de contacto cotidiano más importantes, especialmente por la intensidad de los sentimientos que en ellas se establecen: nos referimos a las relaciones entre sujetos. Constituyen expresiones suyas, las relaciones de amistad, el amor, pero también el adío. Aunque una valoración de tales sentimientos solo se logra mediante el análisis del contenido y la motivación — sobre todo de orden moral— de tales sentimientos, podemos afirmar, en general, siguiendo a Agnes Heller que el desarrollo de la moral, de la política, del arte y de la ciencia, es inconcebible sin grandes amores y grandes odios’’.Training in affection, in values, in morality... What better environment for its analysis and incorporation into a coherent social and pedagogical practice than daily life?... daily school or family, personal life or collective. Affections, and these as the foundation of an education oriented towards the formation of historical subjects, men and women with social responsibility, commitment and conscience, correspond to one of the most important forms of daily contact, especially due to the intensity of the feelings that in they are established: we refer to the relations between subjects. Their expressions are friendships, love, but also goodbye. Although an assessment of such feelings can only be achieved through analysis of content and motivation — especially of moral order— of such feelings, we can affirm, in general, following Agnes Heller that the development of morality, politics, art and science is inconceivable without great loves and great hates.Modalidad Presencia

Using Interpretable Machine Learning to Identify Baseline Predictive Factors of Remission and Drug Durability in Crohn’s Disease Patients on Ustekinumab

Ustekinumab has shown efficacy in Crohn's Disease (CD) patients. To identify patient profiles of those who benefit the most from this treatment would help to position this drug in the therapeutic paradigm of CD and generate hypotheses for future trials. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether baseline patient characteristics are predictive of remission and the drug durability of ustekinumab, and whether its positioning with respect to prior use of biologics has a significant effect after correcting for disease severity and phenotype at baseline using interpretable machine learning. Patients' data from SUSTAIN, a retrospective multicenter single-arm cohort study, were used. Disease phenotype, baseline laboratory data, and prior treatment characteristics were documented. Clinical remission was defined as the Harvey Bradshaw Index <= 4 and was tracked longitudinally. Drug durability was defined as the time until a patient discontinued treatment. A total of 439 participants from 60 centers were included and a total of 20 baseline covariates considered. Less exposure to previous biologics had a positive effect on remission, even after controlling for baseline disease severity using a non-linear, additive, multivariable model. Additionally, age, body mass index, and fecal calprotectin at baseline were found to be statistically significant as independent negative risk factors for both remission and drug survival, with further risk factors identified for remission

Long-Term Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Ustekinumab in Crohn’s Disease Patients: The SUSTAIN Study

Background Large real-world-evidence studies are required to confirm the durability of response, effectiveness, and safety of ustekinumab in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients in real-world clinical practice. Methods A retrospective, multicentre study was conducted in Spain in patients with active CD who had received ≥1 intravenous dose of ustekinumab for ≥6 months. Primary outcome was ustekinumab retention rate; secondary outcomes were to identify predictive factors for drug retention, short-term remission (week 16), loss of response and predictive factors for short-term efficacy and loss of response, and ustekinumab safety. Results A total of 463 patients were included. Mean baseline Harvey-Bradshaw Index was 8.4. A total of 447 (96.5%) patients had received prior biologic therapy, 141 (30.5%) of whom had received ≥3 agents. In addition, 35.2% received concomitant immunosuppressants, and 47.1% had ≥1 abdominal surgery. At week 16, 56% had remission, 70% had response, and 26.1% required dose escalation or intensification; of these, 24.8% did not subsequently reduce dose. After a median follow-up of 15 months, 356 (77%) patients continued treatment. The incidence rate of ustekinumab discontinuation was 18% per patient-year of follow-up. Previous intestinal surgery and concomitant steroid treatment were associated with higher risk of ustekinumab discontinuation, while a maintenance schedule every 12 weeks had a lower risk; neither concomitant immunosuppressants nor the number of previous biologics were associated with ustekinumab discontinuation risk. Fifty adverse events were reported in 39 (8.4%) patients; 4 of them were severe (2 infections, 1 malignancy, and 1 fever). Conclusions Ustekinumab is effective and safe as short- and long-term treatment in a refractory cohort of CD patients in real-world clinical practice