A randomized controlled trial evaluating early versus traditional oral feeding after colorectal surgery

OBJECTIVE: This prospective randomized clinical study was conducted to evaluate the safety and tolerability of early oral feeding after colorectal operations. METHODS: A total of 199 patients underwent colorectal surgery and were randomly assigned to early feeding (n = 99) or a regular diet (n = 100). Patients’ characteristics, diagnoses, surgical procedures, comorbidity, bowel movements, defecation, nasogastric tube reinsertion, time of tolerance of solid diet, complications, and length of hospitalization were assessed. RESULTS: The two groups were similar in terms of gender, age, diagnosis, surgical procedures, and comorbidity. In the early feeding group, 85.9% of patients tolerated the early feeding schedule. Bowel movements (1.7±0.89 vs. 3.27±1.3), defecation (3.4±0.77 vs. 4.38±1.18) and time of tolerance of solid diet (2.48±0.85 vs. 4.77±1.81) were significantly earlier in the early feeding group. There was no change between the groups in terms of nasogastric tube reinsertion, overall complication or anastomotic leakage. Hospitalization (5.55±2.35 vs. 9.0±6.5) was shorter in the early feeding group. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicated that early oral feeding after elective colorectal surgery was not only well tolerated by patients but also affected the postoperative outcomes positively. Early postoperative feeding is safe and leads to the early recovery of gastrointestinal functions

Regulation of DNA damage responses and cell cycle progression by hMOB2.

Mps one binder proteins (MOBs) are conserved regulators of essential signalling pathways. Biochemically, human MOB2 (hMOB2) can inhibit NDR kinases by competing with hMOB1 for binding to NDRs. However, biological roles of hMOB2 have remained enigmatic. Here, we describe novel functions of hMOB2 in the DNA damage response (DDR) and cell cycle regulation. hMOB2 promotes DDR signalling, cell survival and cell cycle arrest after exogenously induced DNA damage. Under normal growth conditions in the absence of exogenously induced DNA damage hMOB2 plays a role in preventing the accumulation of endogenous DNA damage and a subsequent p53/p21-dependent G1/S cell cycle arrest. Unexpectedly, these molecular and cellular phenotypes are not observed upon NDR manipulations, indicating that hMOB2 performs these functions independent of NDR signalling. Thus, to gain mechanistic insight, we screened for novel binding partners of hMOB2, revealing that hMOB2 interacts with RAD50, facilitating the recruitment of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) DNA damage sensor complex and activated ATM to DNA damaged chromatin. Taken together, we conclude that hMOB2 supports the DDR and cell cycle progression

Purification of glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes from tumour and nontumour human stomach and inhibitory effects of some heavy metals on enzymes activities

In this study, glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme was purified from nontumour and tumour human gastric tissue and in vitro effects of heavy metals on the enzyme were examined. GST was purified 3089 fold with a specific activity of 20 U/mg and a yield of 78% from gastric tumour tissue; and 1185 fold with a specific activity of 5.69 U/mg and a yield of 50% from nontumour tissue by using glutathione-agarose affinity column, respectively. Enzyme purity was verified by SDS-PAGE and subunit molecular mass was calculated around 26 kDa. The molecular weight of the enzyme was calculated as 52 kDa by using Sephadex G-75 gel filtration column. Then, inhibitory effects of metal ions on the enzymes were investigated. Mg2+ and Cd2+ had inhibitory effect on the enzymes activities. Other kinetic properties of the enzymes were also determined

Effects of some heavy metals on the activities of carbonic anhydrase enzymes from tumorous and non-tumorous human stomach

In this study, in vitro effects of certain heavy metals on the human carbonic anhydrase enzyme were examined. Inhibitory effects of metal ions (Pb2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Cr2+, Al3+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Mg2+) were observed in tumorous and non-tumorous tissue. IC50 values were calculated for metals. The Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Mg2+ IC50 values of tumorous tissue were calculated as 0.034 mM, 0.426 mM, 0.597 mM, 0.878 mM and 2.52 mM, respectively. The Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Mg2+ IC50 values of non-tumorous tissue were calculated as 0.067 mM, 0.991 mM, 1.065 mM, 1.724 mM and 6.13 mM, respectively. Carbonic anhydrase activity was measured as described by Wilbur and Anderson. Hydratase activity was used to determine IC50 values. In this study, tumorous and non-tumorous human stomach tissues were selected due to the fact that among the diseases, stomach cancer has one of the highest mortality rates. Stomach cancer, a type of cancer affecting the digestive system, is a fatal disease in living systems. The effects of metals on the CA enzyme were investigated due to the extremely important role that CA enzymes play in living beings

Purification of CA Isoenzymes from Human Cancerous Colon Tissue and Inhibitory Effects of Some Analgesics on Enzyme Activity

Carbonic Anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme which is responsible for the hydration of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid and it also takes places in many biological processes in the living organisms. In this study, CA isoenzymes (CA II and CA IX) together were purified 78.4 fold with a yield of 54.86 and specific activity of 106.67 by using Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine sulfanilamide affinity chromatography. In SDS-PAGE molecular weights of CA II and CA IX were calculated as 29 kDa and 56 kDa respectively. Besides inhibitory effects of some analgesics on purified total enzyme was investigated. IC50 values were found as 0.0077, 0.025, 0.011 and 0.04 mM for dexketoprofen, pethidine, phenyramidol and tramadol respectively

Comparison of Effects on Voice of Diode Laser and Cold Knife Microlaryngology Techniques for Vocal Fold Polyps

Aim. To compare the effects on voice of endolaryngeal microsurgery (EMS) with cold instruments and a new method, diode laser,'' for vocal fold polyps

Experimental autotransplantation and cryopreservation of the thyroid gland

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the functionality of autotransplanted thyroid tissues immediately or after cryopreservation in rabbits