Female pioneers in Chemistry in western Mexico: The University of Guadalajara

El presente trabajo hace un análisis sobre las condiciones que permitieron el ingreso de las primeras mujeres a la carrera de Farmacéutica, que más tarde se convertiría en la de Química, en una universidad de México. Hacemos un seguimiento de la evolución de su matrícula y de la disciplina a principios del siglo XX por medio de algunos datos estadísticos. Esto nos lleva a construir varios escenarios sobre el acto fundacional que posibilita su práctica profesional, dado que esto generó un proceso profesional «incluyente» de género. Finalmente, seguimos su evolución de matrícula hasta el siglo XXI y analizamos los cambios de controles patriarcales en la profesión. Además de los datos estadísticos, analizamos una entrevista en profundidad de un informante clave.This study makes an analysis of the conditions which allowed the entry of the first women to the Pharmaceutical career who later became Chemistry at one university in Mexico. We do a follow-up of the developments in their enrolment and some discipline issues at the beginning of the 20th century by some statistical data. This leads us to build several scenarios on the founding act, its professional practice and a generated “inclusionary” process by gender. This helps us construct hypotheses about the patriarchal control of their labor practice and how it evolved over the years until the 21st century through a key interviewee

Adicción a la comida y estado nutricional en adolescentes de una preparatoria pública en México

Objective: To know the prevalence of food addiction according to age, sex, and body mass index and to determine the association between food addiction and nutritional status in adolescents from northern México. Method: Cross-sectional study with a descriptive and correlational design, carried out during August and September 2018; the study population was comprised by 630 adolescents, students, ranging from 15 to 17 years of age, from a public high school in Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Anthropometric measurements were taken and the Yale Food Addiction Scale questionnaire was used. Results: A sample of 245 adolescents predominantly female (53.1%), with a mean age of 15.83 years; mean body mass index was 23.18 kg/mt2 (S = 3.74) in males and 24.57 kg/mt2 (S = 4.00) in females; 87.8% of adolescents showed positive to the frustrated desire to stop consumption criterion, 36.3% tolerance, and 34.3% consumption despite the consequences; 20.7% of overweight adolescents showed food addiction. Conclusions: The majority of adolescents showed normal weight, while women showed a body mass index (BMI) higher than men; less than half of the participants had food addiction; positive criteria prevailed in women, and adolescents with overweight and obesity, and older. No association was found between food addiction and nutritional status.Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia de la adicción a la comida de acuerdo a la edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal, y determinar la asociación entre la adicción a la comida y el estado nutricional en adolescentes del norte de México. Método: Estudio descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal, realizado durante agosto y septiembre de 2018. La población se conformó por 630 adolescentes estudiantes de 15 a 17 años de edad, de una preparatoria pública en Nuevo León, México, a los que se les realizaron mediciones antropométricas y se empleó el cuestionario Yale Food Addiction Scale. Resultados: Una muestra de 245 adolescentes, predominando el sexo femenino (53,1%), con una edad media de 15,83 años, la media de índice de masa corporal fue de 23,18 kg/mt2 (S = 3,74) en hombres y 24,57 kg/mt2 (S = 4,00) en mujeres. El 87,8% de los adolescentes presentó positivo el criterio “deseo frustrado de parar el consumo”, el 36,3% la tolerancia, y el 34,3% el consumo a pesar de las consecuencias. El 20,7% de los adolescentes con sobrepeso presentan adicción a la comida. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los adolescentes presentan peso normal, las mujeres presentaron un índice de masa corporal mayor que el de los hombres, menos de la mitad de los participantes presenta adicción a la comida predominando los criterios positivos en mujeres, adolescentes en condición de sobrepeso, obesidad y de mayor edad. No se encontró asociación entre adicción a la comida y estado nutricional

Diagnósticos de enfermagem na alta hospitalar em pessoas com a síndrome coronária aguda

Enfermería juega un rol fundamental en las diferentes etapas de la atención de las personas con síndrome coronario agudo, entre ellas el egreso hospitalario. Brindar cuidado acorde a las necesidades propias de estas personas, requiere de la identificación de los principales diagnósticos de enfermería. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de diagnósticos de Enfermería de las personas con síndrome coronario agudo al momento del alta hospitalaria. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal en 196 personas hospitalizadas por el evento de interés, se utilizó instrumento de valoración focalizada que evaluaba las características definitorias de los diagnósticos de enfermería :ansiedad, afrontamiento ineficaz, disposición para mejorar la religiosidad, disposición para mejorar los conocimientos, intolerancia a la actividad; los cuales fueron identificados como prioritarios según la literatura científica y por consenso de expertos. Para determinar la prevalencia de los diagnósticos se realizó análisis de definición y características definitorias. Resultados: Se evidenció como principal problema de la población de estudio los conocimientos deficientes, seguido de la intolerancia a la actividad y la ansiedad. De igual forma se logró identificar diagnósticos positivos como la disposición para mejorar los conocimientos y la religiosidad. Conclusiones: El presente trabajo nos permitió identificar necesidades reales y reconocer factores protectores al momento del alta hospitalaria en personas que han vivido un evento coronario agudo, lo cual constituye un punto de partida para el diseño de planes de cuidado y la puesta en marcha de intervenciones que conduzcan a mejorar la situación de salud de este grupo de personas. [Padilla-García CI, Romero-Guevara SL, Camargo-Figuera FA, Bonilla-Marciales AP. Diagnósticos de enfermería al alta hospitalaria en personas con Síndrome Coronario AgudoNursing plays a fundamental role in the different stages of care for people with acute coronary syndrome, including hospital discharge. Providing care according to the needs of these people requires the identification of the main nursing diagnoses. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Nursing diagnoses of people with acute coronary syndrome at the time of hospital discharge. Methodology: Cross-sectional study in 196 people hospitalized for the event of interest, a focused assessment instrument was used that evaluated the defining characteristics of nursing diagnoses: anxiety, ineffective coping, willingness to improve religiosity, willingness to improve knowledge, intolerance to activity; which were identified as priorities according to the scientific literature and by consensus of experts. To determine the prevalence of the diagnoses, a definition analysis and defining characteristics were performed. Results: Deficient knowledge was evidenced as the main problem of the study population, followed by intolerance to activity and anxiety. In the same way, it was possible to identify positive diagnoses such as the disposition to improve knowledge and religiosity. Conclusions: The present work allowed us to identify real needs and recognize protective factors at the time of hospital discharge in people who have experienced an acute coronary event, which constitutes a starting point for the design of care plans and the implementation of interventions that lead to improving the health situation of this group of people. [Padilla-García CI, Romero-Guevara SL, Camargo-Figuera FA, Bonilla-Marciales AP. Nursing diagnoses at hospital discharge in people with Acute Coronary Syndrom

Diagnósticos de enfermería al alta hospitalaria en personas con síndrome coronario agudo

Introduction: Nursing plays a crucial role during the different stages of care of people with acute coronary syndrome, including hospital discharge. Providing care to these patients, according to their needs, requires the identification of the main nursing diagnoses. Objective: To determine the prevalence of nursing diagnoses of people with Acute Coronary Syndrome at the time of hospital discharge. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study of 196 hospitalized people for this event; a focused assessment instrument was used to evaluate the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnoses: anxiety, ineffective coping of the problem, willingness to improve religiosity, readiness to improve knowledge, and intolerance to activity. These characteristics were identified as priorities according to the scientific literature and by the consensus of experts. A definition analysis and defining characteristics of the problem were performed to determine the prevalence of the diagnoses. Results: The main problem of the population studied was evidenced a deficient knowledge about the problem, followed by intolerance to activity and anxiety. Likewise, it was possible to identify some positive diagnoses such as the willingness to improve their knowledge about the problem and religiosity. Conclusions: The current study allowed identifying real needs and recognizing protective factors at the time of hospital discharge in people who have experienced an acute coronary event, which is a starting point for the design of care plans and the implementation of interventions that lead to improve the health situation of this group of people.Introducción: Enfermería juega un rol fundamental en las diferentes etapas de la atención de las personas con síndrome coronario agudo, entre ellas el egreso hospitalario. Brindar cuidado acorde a las necesidades propias de estas personas, requiere de la identificación de los principales diagnósticos de enfermería. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de diagnósticos de Enfermería de las personas con síndrome coronario agudo al momento del alta hospitalaria. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal en 196 personas hospitalizadas por el evento de interés, se utilizó instrumento de valoración focalizada que evaluaba las características definitorias de los diagnósticos de enfermería: ansiedad, afrontamiento ineficaz, disposición para mejorar la religiosidad, disposición para mejorar los conocimientos, intolerancia a la actividad; los cuales fueron identificados como prioritarios según la literatura científica y por consenso de expertos. Para determinar la prevalencia de los diagnósticos se realizó análisis de definición y características definitorias. Resultados: Se evidenció como principal problema de la población de estudio los conocimientos deficientes, seguido de la intolerancia a la actividad y la ansiedad. De igual forma se logró identificar diagnósticos positivos como la disposición para mejorar los conocimientos y la religiosidad. Conclusiones: El presente trabajo nos permitió identificar necesidades reales y reconocer factores protectores al momento del alta hospitalaria en personas que han vivido un evento coronario agudo, lo cual constituye un punto de partida para el diseño de planes de cuidado y la puesta en marcha de intervenciones que conduzcan a mejorar la situación de salud de este grupo de personas

Menopause in Nonhuman Primates: A Comparative Study with Humans

Although menopause is a phenomenon predominantly studied in humans or laboratory animals, this chapter discussed the case of nonhuman primates (NHPs), not only with the objective of employing them as study models but also to better understand phylogenetic divergence among species. Those taxonomic differences are reflected in reproductive processes that may be similar to those of human beings, with the presence of a defined cycle or periods of estrus, but perhaps at different ages as well, where menopause plays a crucial role. First, it is important to delimit the concept of menopause by considering its anatomical, physiological, and biochemical parameters, including the cessation of menstrual bleeding or perineal swelling—when present—or follicular depletion and hormonal changes. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to discuss some of the similarities between NHPs and human females, during the menopause period. Studying these phenomena should help us achieve a better understanding of the social, physiological, and environmental factors without adopting any particular cultural view of menopause

Cytogenetic and genomic analysis of a patient with turner syndrome and t(2;12): a case report

Background: Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that afects women. It is caused by an absent or incomplete X chromosome, which can be presented in mosaicism or not. There are 12 cases of Turner syndrome patients who present structural alterations in autosomal chromosomes. Case presentation: The present case report describes a patient with a reciprocal, maternally inherited translocation between chromosomes 2 and 12 with a mosaicism of X monosomy 45,X,t(2;12)(p13;q24)[95]/46,XX,t(2;12)(p13;q24) [5]. Through genetic mapping arrays, altered genes in the patient were determined within the 23 chromosome pairs. These genes were associated with the patient’s clinical features using a bioinformatics tool Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the frst case in which a translocation (2;12) is reported in a patient with Turner syndrome and confrmed by conventional cytogenetics, FISH and molecular genetics. Clinical features of our patient are closely related with the loss of one X chromosome, however mild intellectual disability can be likely explained by autosomal genes. The presence of familial translocations was a common fnding, thus emphasizing the need for familiar testing for further genetic counselling

Programa institucional de farmacovigilancia del Hospital San Isidro

La farmacovigilancia es la actividad de salud pública cuyo objetivo es la identificación, evaluación y prevención de los riesgos del uso de los tratamientos farmacológicos una vez comercializados. Por lo tanto, está orientada inevitablemente a la toma de decisiones que permitan mantener la relación beneficio/riesgo de los medicamentos en una situación favorable, o incluso suspender su uso cuando esto no sea posible; esto se logra por medio de la ayuda de las entidades territoriales que vigilan los servicios y establecimientos farmacéuticos, y como profesionales controlar y prevenir cualquier inconveniente a nuestros pacientes por medio del programa de farmacovigilancia. (Manso) Por medio del programa de farmacovigilancia se realiza seguimiento a los medicamentos luego de que estos han sido comercializados de esta forma determinar la seguridad de los mismos, el programa está integrado por diferentes actores como lo son pacientes, familiares, médico tratante, clínicas o hospitales, secretaria de salud, entre otros. De esta forma el programa detecta y previene reacciones adversas, usos inapropiados y complicaciones no detectadas durante la etapa de investigación de los medicamentos. (Invima, 2012). Con el suministro de la anterior información el Invima conoce los eventos adversos o problemas relacionados con el uso de los medicamentos y de esta forma conocer o ampliar la información de seguridad y promover el uso seguro y adecuado de los mismos una vez comercializados (Invima, OBJETIVOS DEL PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE FARMACOVIGILANCIA, 2012). El propósito de este programa es determinar cuáles son los factores o componentes de los medicamentos que ingieren los pacientes del Hospital San Isidro, que causan reacciones adversas en su organismo y generar su respectiva notificación de acuerdo al riesgo detectado a los entes de control. Para así poder generar el programa institucional de farmacovigilancia del hospital san isidro.Pharmacovigilance is the public health activity whose objective is the identification, evaluation and prevention of the risks of the use of pharmacological treatments once commercialized. Therefore, it is inevitably aimed at making decisions that allow maintaining the benefit / risk ratio of medicines in a favorable situation, or even suspending their use when this is not possible; This is achieved through the help of the territorial entities that oversee the pharmaceutical services and establishments, and as professionals to control and prevent any inconvenience to our patients through the pharmacovigilance program. Through the pharmacovigilance program, medicines are monitored after they have been marketed in this way to determine the safety of them, the program is composed of different actors such as patients, family members, treating doctors, clinics or hospitals, Secretary of Health, among others. In this way the program detects and prevents adverse reactions, inappropriate uses and complications not detected during the research stage of the medicines. With the supply of the above information the Invima knows the adverse events or problems related to the use of the medicines and in this way know or expand the safety information and promote the safe and adequate use of them once commercialized The purpose of this program is to determine what are the factors or components of the medications that San Isidro Hospital patients ingest, which cause adverse reactions in their organism and generate their respective notification according to the detected risk to the control entities. In order to generate the institutional pharmacovigilance program of the hospital san isidro

Exploring Potentialities and Limitations of Stapled o- Oligo(PhenyleneEthynylene)s (o-OPEs) as Efficient Circularly Polarized Luminescence Emitters

In this paper we have studied the chiroptical properties of a family of o-OPE derivatives with different steric hindrance. Experimental results show high dissymmetry factors (gabs and glum up to 1.1x10-2) and very similar ECD and CPL for all the derivatives, that makes this basic o-OPE scaffold a robust pure organic emitter. VCD spectra are used to characterize conformational properties in solution. DFT and TD-DFT calculations support experimental results also proving that ECD and CPL are almost exclusively linked to helical moiety and not to size or conformation of substituents. As chiroptical properties of these emitters are independent of substituents, this OPE scaffold can be used as basic skeleton for the design of sensing probes with high CPL efficiencies.We thank MICINN (CTQ2014-53598-R) and Junta de Andalucía (FQM1484) for financial support. Computing Center CINECA Via Magnanelli 6/3 40033 – Casalecchio di Reno (Bologna) Italy and Regione Lombardia for the LISA Grant No. “ChiPhyto: HPL13POZE1” is acknowledged for access to computational facilities. P. Reiné thanks MICINN for a FPU fellowship

Training memory without aversion: Appetitive hole-board spatial learning increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis.

Learning experiences are potent modulators of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). However, the vast majority of findings on the learning-induced regulation of AHN derive from aversively-motivated tasks, mainly the water maze paradigm, in which stress is a confounding factor that affects the AHN outcome. Currently, little is known regarding the effect of appetitively-motivated training on AHN. Hence we studied how spatial learning to find food rewards in a hole-board maze modulates AHN (cell proliferation and immature neurons) and AHN-related hippocampal neuroplasticity markers (BDNF, IGF-II and CREB phosphorylation) in mice. The 'Trained' mice were tested for both spatial reference and working memory and compared to 'Pseudotrained' mice (exposed to different baited holes in each session, thus avoiding the reference memory component of the task) and 'Control' mice (exposed to the maze without rewards). In contrast to Pseudotrained and Control mice, Trained mice reduced the number of proliferating hippocampal cells but they notably increased their population of immature neurons assessed by immunohistochemistry. This evidence shows that hole-board spatial reference learning diminishes cell proliferation in favor of enhancing young neurons' survival. Interestingly, the enhanced AHN in the Trained mice (specifically in the suprapyramidal blade) positively correlated with their reference memory performance, but not with their working memory. Furthermore, the Trained animals increased the hippocampal protein expression of all the neuroplasticity markers analyzed by western blot. Results show that the appetitively-motivated hole-board task is an useful paradigm to potentiate and/or investigate AHN and hippocampal plasticity minimizing aversive variables such as fear or stress.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. This study was funded by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Agencia Estatal de Investigación) co-funded by the European Research Development Fund -AEI/FEDER, UE- (PSI2015-73156-JIN ‘Jóvenes Investigadores grant’ to E.C.O. and PSI2013-44901-P to L.J.S. and C.P.), from ‘Junta de Andalucía’ SEJ1863 to C.P. and from University of Málaga (Plan Propio 2017 – ‘Ayudas para proyectos puente’) to M.G.F. Author P.S.P. holds a ‘Juan de la Cierva-formación‘grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (code: FJCI-2015-23925) and a ‘D.3. Estancia de investigadores de reconocido prestigio en la UMA‘ grant from the University of Málaga. Authors R.D.M.F. and D.L.G.M. hold ‘FPU’ grants from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (code: FPU14-01610 and FPU13/04819, respectively). Author F.J.P. holds a ‘Miguel Servet’ grant (code: CP14/00212) from the National System of Health-Instituto de Salud Carlos-III co-funded by FEDER, UE

A Quick Guide for Using Microsoft Onenote as an Electronic Laboratory Notebook

[Abstract] Scientific data recording and reporting systems are of a great interest for endorsing reproducibility and transparency practices among the scientific community. Current research generates large datasets that can no longer be documented using paper lab notebooks (PLNs). In this regard, electronic laboratory notebooks (ELNs) could be a promising solution to replace PLNs and promote scientific reproducibility and transparency. We previously analyzed five ELNs and performed two survey-based studies to implement an ELN in a biomedical research institute. Among the ELNs tested, we found that Microsoft OneNote presents numerous features related to ELN best functionalities. In addition, both surveyed groups preferred OneNote over a scientifically designed ELN (PerkinElmer Elements). However, OneNote remains a general note-taking application and has not been designed for scientific purposes. We therefore provide a quick guide to adapt OneNote to an ELN workflow that can also be adjusted to other nonscientific ELNs