Phenol tolerance, changes of antioxidative enzymes and cellular damage in transgenic tobacco hairy roots colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Phytoremediation has been recognized as a cheap and eco-friendly technology which could be used for the remediation of organic pollutants, such as phenolic compounds. Besides, the extent to which plants react to environmental pollution might depend on rhizosphere processes such as mycorrhizal symbiosis. In the present work, phenol tolerance of transgenic tobacco hairy roots (HR), namely TPX1, colonized with an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) was studied. However, the question is whether AMF symbiosis can moderate adverse effects of phenol to the plant tissues. Thus, the antioxidative response as well as parameters of oxidative damage, like malondialdehyde (MDA) content, were determined. Antioxidative enzymes such as peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase were higher in TPX1 HR colonized with AMF, compared to wild type HR colonized by AMF, in the presence of increasing concentrations of the pollutant. Besides, MDA levels remained unaltered in TPX1 HR associated with AMF treated with the xenobiotic. These results, suggested that this culture could tolerate phenol and moreover, it has an efficient protective mechanism against phenol-induced oxidative damage, which is of great importance in the selection of species with remediation capacities. Thus, transgenic HR colonized with AMF could be considered as an interesting model system to study different processes which play a key role in the phytoremediation of organic pollutants.Fil: Ibañez, Sabrina Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Medina, Maria Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Agostini, Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentin

Violencia familiar y funcionamiento familiar en estudiantes de secundaria de institución educativa pública del distrito de Villa el Salvador, 2021

La presente Investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre la Violencia familiar y funcionamiento familiar en estudiantes de secundaria de institución educativa pública del distrito de Villa el Salvador, 2021. En una población de 190 estudiantes de secundaria en edades de 12 a 17 años, ambos sexos, esta investigación es de tipo básico y diseño no experimental - trasversal – correlacional y descriptiva. Se utilizó como instrumento el Cuestionario de Violencia Familiar y Escala de Evaluación de la Cohesión y Adaptabilidad Familiar, tercera versión. Se evidencia en los resultados la relación entre las variables funcionamiento familiar y violencia familiar una correlación inversa y significativa (Rho= -.50); entre la variable funcionamiento familiar y la dimensión violencia física de la variable violencia familiar se observó una correlación de tipo inversa y significativa (Rho= -.25), continuando con la variable funcionamiento familiar y la dimensión violencia psicológica una correlación inversa y significativa (Rho= -.52). Así mismo se halló un funcionamiento familiar 45.8% nivel promedio y el 27.9% un nivel bajo, mientras que en la violencia familiar el 87.4% presentan un nivel promedio y el 12.6% con alto nivel. Concluyendo que los adolescentes con percepción de violencia presentarían un bajo funcionamiento familiar

Hacia la gestión de un nuevo desarrollo rural: el caso de los pequeños productores de flor en Villa Guerrero, México

El caso de los pequeños productores de flor en dos localidades de Villa Guerrero, muestra que el desarrollo rural se construye de maneras muy diversas, el denominador común es la preeminencia de la racionalidad económica inducida o aprendida, la cual fortalece los valores individuales y empresariales, por encima de los requerimientos sociales de un desarrollo rural equitativo. Se utiliza la información estadística disponible e información obtenida mediante entrevistas aplicadas a pequeños productores de las localidades de San Felipe y Buena Vista.El caso de los pequeños productores de flor en dos localidades de Villa Guerrero, muestra que el desarrollo rural se construye de maneras muy diversas, el denominador común es la preeminencia de la racionalidad económica inducida o aprendida, la cual fortalece los valores individuales y empresariales, por encima de los requerimientos sociales de un desarrollo rural equitativo. Se utiliza la información estadística disponible e información obtenida mediante entrevistas aplicadas a pequeños productores de las localidades de San Felipe y Buena Vista

Síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador y personalidad de cuidadores de personas dependientes

RESUMEN: Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo explorar la relación entre síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador, personalidad de cuidadores principales y nivel de dependencia de las personas cuidadas. Para ello, se aplicó: entrevista sociodemográfica, instrumento Barthel para evaluar dependencia, cuestionario de Síndrome de Sobrecarga del Cuidador de Zarit e instrumento NEO FFI para evaluar personalidad. Fueron aplicados a 30 cuidadores principales, residentes en municipios del oriente antioqueño. Los resultados obtenidos, muestran que 90% de los cuidadores son mujeres con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y los 75 años. De ellos el 46,6% puntuaron niveles de carga leve e intensa. De la persona cuidada, indican que 43,3% de ellos, tienen dependencia total, 20% dependencia leve, 20% dependencia moderada. En análisis de personalidad, las mayores puntuaciones las presentaron respectivamente Responsabilidad con 36.3, Amabilidad con 34.5 y Extraversión con 31.7. Los datos mostraron valores mayores para p(<0,05), esto no permite indicar correlaciones entre las variables. No obstante, de forma general se recopilo información que permite identificar generalidades sociodemográficas y de personalidad en los cuidadores evaluados y su vez, dejar cimientos para futuras investigaciones.ABSTRACT: This research aimed to explore the relationship between carer overload syndrome, personality of primary caregivers and level of dependency of caregivers. To do this, we applied: sociodemographic interview, Barthel instrument to evaluate dependence, Zarit Caregiver Overload Syndrome questionnaire and NEO FFI instrument to evaluate personality. They were applied to 30 primary caregivers, residents of municipalities in eastern Antioquia. The results show that 90 per cent of carers are women between the ages of 15 and 75. Of these, 46.6% rated light and heavy load levels. Of the person cared for, 43.3% indicate total dependence, 20% mild dependence, 20% moderate dependence. In personality analysis, the highest scores were presented by Responsibility with 36.3, Kindness with 34.5 and Extraversion with 31.7 respectively. The data showed higher values for p(<0.05), this does not allow to indicate correlations between the variables. In general, however, information was collected that allows identifying socio-demographic and personality generalities in the caregivers evaluated and, in turn, laying the groundwork for future research

PERCEPCIÓN SOBRE IGUALDAD DE GÉNERO EN ESTUDIANTES DE INGENIERÍA (PERCEPTION ON GENDER EQUALITY IN ENGINEERING STUDENTS)

ResumenEn la última década parece que la desigualdad de género se está reduciendo, sin embargo queda mucho por hacer, particularmente en las Instituciones educativas. En este trabajo se presenta una primera aproximación del estudio de la equidad de género en una muestra significativa y aleatoria de estudiantes de primer semestre de ingeniería. Se aplicó un instrumento conformado por 30 ítems relacionados con la percepción de los estudiantes sobre el tema de la igualdad de género. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes encuestados han vivido alguna situación de discriminación debido a que algún profesor los ha discriminado con favoritismos y ofensas verbales; otros más manifiestan haber sido discriminados por sus mismos compañeros debido a su apariencia física o por aspectos socioeconómicos, entre otras causas. Por tal motivo, es urgente considerar el impacto de la asociación de roles a mujeres y hombres según el género sobre la formación integral de los estudiantes. Palabra(s) Clave:desigualdad social, diferenciación social, influencia social, rol de géneros.  AbstractIn the last decade it seems that gender inequality is shrinking, however much remains to be done, particularly in educational institutions. This paper presents a first approach to the study of gender equity in a significant and random sample of first-year engineering students. An instrument consisting of 30 items related to the students' perception on the subject of gender equality was applied. The results show that the students surveyed have experienced some situation of discrimination because some teacher has discriminated against them with favoritism and verbal offenses; others claim to have been discriminated against by their peers due to their physical appearance or socioeconomic aspects, among other causes. For this reason, it is urgent to consider the impact of the association of roles to women and men according to gender on the integral formation of students.Keywords:social inequality, social differentiation, social influence, gender role

Environmentally relevant concentrations of glibenclamide induce oxidative stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Artículo cientifico en modalidad embargadoThe hypoglycemic pharmaceutical glibenclamide (GLB) is widely used around the world. This medication is released into the environment by municipal, hospital and industrial wastewater discharges. Although there are reports of its environmental occurrence in the scientific literature, toxicity studies on aquatic species of commercial interest such as the common carp Cyprinus carpio are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress induced on C. carpio by environmentally relevant concentrations of GLB. Biomarkers of oxidative damage such as hydroperoxide content, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content were evaluated as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. The concentration of GLB was determined in water as well as in gill, liver, muscle, brain and blood of carp at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The findings obtained in the study prove that GLB induces in- creases in biomarkers of oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activity in the teleost C. carpio, that his response is not concentration dependent and that the organs evaluated bioconcentrate this hypo- glycemic agent. These findings permit us to conclude that the presence of GLB in water bodies represents a risk for aquatic species

EXÁMENES DEPARTAMENTALES COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA REDUCIR LA VARIABILIDAD EN LOS ÍNDICES DE APROBACIÓN

Resumen     El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar un análisis de los resultados que se obtuvieron en la materia de Cálculo Diferencial en el Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya (ITC). Los estudiantes de todas las carreras de ingeniería que se ofrecen en el ITC, cursan esta materia y se les evaluaron las competencias que requiere la asignatura a través de exámenes departamentales, propiciando las mismas condiciones de aplicación en tiempo y espacio. Con este estudio se pretende visualizar las áreas de oportunidad en el aprendizaje del cálculo diferencial, que permitan dirigir estrategias a fin de reducir la variabilidad en los índices de aprobación por grupo y especialidad. Los resultados muestran que es posible reducir la variación en los índices de aprobación de la asignatura de Cálculo Diferencial a través del trabajo colegiado entre los docentes y los acuerdos tomados por la vocalía de esta asignatura, además de la aplicación de los exámenes departamentales.Palabra(s) Clave(s): Aprendizaje, aprovechamiento académico, competencias, evaluación, variabilidad. AbstractThe objective of this work was to perform an analysis of the results obtained in the subject of Differential Calculus at the Technological Institute of Celaya (ITC). The students of all the engineering careers that are offered in the ITC, study this subject and they were evaluated the competences that the subject requires through departmental examinations, propitiando the same conditions of application in time and space. This study intends to visualize the areas of opportunity in the differential calculus learning, which allow directing strategies in order to reduce the variability in approval rates by group and specialty. The results show that it is possible to reduce the variation in the approval rates of the Differential Calculus course through the collegial work between the teachers and the agreements taken by the vocal of this subject, in addition to the application of departmental exams.Keywords: Academic achievement, competencies, evaluation, learning, variability

um ensaio teórico

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Associacao Brasileira de Pos - Graduacao em Saude Coletiva. All rights reserved.This theoretical essay addresses definitions and central characteristics of intersectoral actions for health. It aims, therefore, to reflect on the knowledge produced about the conceptions and nature of health intersectoral actions. An inte-grative review was conducted for the construction of the analyses from publications referring to the 2000-2019 period identified in the Lilacs, SciELO, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases. The corpus included 12 papers, with aspects related to the aim, purpose or method of intersectoral action under analysis, outlining similarities and contrasts between definitions. Given the opacity in the construction of definitions, we had to point out a socio-historical construction of the concepts, and that the provisional definitions express a certain blurring or erasure in dispute within the field of health that can lead to different viewpoints and are barriers to include the implementation of in-tersectoral actions related to health promotion in daily practices. Such reflections derived a set of propositions about the nature of intersectoral health actions that aim to contribute to the debate on the theme.publishersversionpublishe

A contribuição da atenção primária à saúde na rede SUS de enfrentamento à Covid-19

The focus on individual care for severe cases neglected the community-centered approach required to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic in the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil. This essay argues that the Family Health Strategy (ESF), by means of its multi-professional teams and community and territorial orientation, is able to successfully develop the community approach required to deal with the pandemic. Inspired by local and international experiences, this essay analyzes four dimensions regarding SUS’ Primary Health Care (APS) work in the fighting against Covid-19: community-based health surveillance, individual care for confirmed and suspected cases of Covid-19, community mobilization to support vulnerable local groups due to their health or social condition, and continuity of APS care routine. Limitations are acknowledged due to recent changes in the national policy of primary health care impacting health surveillance care model. The conclusion if for the need to: strengthen the community attributes of APS and Family Health Support Center (NASF) multi-professional teams; collaborate with community organizations in initiatives of solidarity and articulate in an intersectoral way to back the population in its various weaknesses; guarantee the ongoing promotion, prevention and care actions by creating new working processes for health surveillance, social and health support for vulnerable groups, and for the continuity of the routine care for those in need.A centralidade no cuidado individual a casos graves descurou a abordagem populacional comunitária necessária ao enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19 no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Neste ensaio, argumenta-se que a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), com suas equipes multiprofissionais e enfoque comunitário e territorial, tem potencial para atuar na abordagem comunitária necessária ao enfrentamento da epidemia. A partir de experiências locais e internacionais, analisa quatro campos de atuação da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no SUS no enfrentamento da Covid-19: vigilância em saúde nos territórios; cuidado individual dos casos confirmados e suspeitos de Covid-19; ação comunitária de apoio aos grupos vulneráveis no território por sua situação de saúde ou social; e continuidade dos cuidados rotineiros da APS. Reconhecem-se limites dessa atuação decorrentes de mudanças recentes na política nacional de atenção básica que afetam o modelo assistencial da vigilância em saúde. Conclui-se ser necessário ativar os atributos comunitários das equipes multiprofissionais da ESF e do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF); associar-se às iniciativas solidárias das organizações comunitárias e articular-se intersetorialmente para apoiar a população em suas diversas vulnerabilidades; e garantir a continuidade das ações de promoção, prevenção e cuidado, criando novos processos de trabalho na vigilância em saúde, no apoio social e sanitário aos grupos vulneráveis e na continuidade da atenção rotineira para quem dela precisa

Therapeutic itineraries for patients with cerebrovascular accident: fragmentation of care in a regionalized health network

Objectives: to analyze the itineraries of patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in the Interstate health region in San Francisco Valley. Methods: this study uses the qualitative approach through the construction of Therapeutic Itineraries (IT). In the IT mapping the observation was prioritized on the different points and forms to access health service in search of care.. Results: sixteen semi-structured interviews with healthcare users were conducted. There were diverse forms to access and provide services at the Rede Interestadual de Atenção à Saúde do Vale do Médio São Francisco–PEBA (Interstate Healthcare Network Region in the San Francisco Valley), which could be characterized by disorganized and uncoordinated care in the analyzed cases, despite the guarantee of hospital care. The Primary Health Care (APS) teams are present at a care point with most of the patients' itineraries, however, little integration to the regionalized network and they were unable to perform their functions and coordinate the care. It is observed pilgrimage assistance, fragmented care and difficulties in receiving care after post hospitalization which is essential for the patients’ rehabilitation. Conclusions: traces of fragments of the regional health system are important warning signs that points out fragility in PEBA and demonstrate persistent gaps in the public health system to fulfil the responsibility and guarantee individuals’ right for health.