UNRAVELLING THE \u3ci\u3eREBOZO\u3c/i\u3e: THE EFFECTS OF POWER ON THE BODY IN SANDRA CISNEROS’S \u3ci\u3eCARAMELO\u3c/i\u3e

This thesis is a literary, cultural, and theoretical analysis of Sandra Cisneros’s novel Caramelo. Caramelo traces the coming-of-age of its young protagonist, Celaya. Through this character, Cisneros reveals the impact of living between cultures. Born of a Mexican immigrant father and a working-class Mexican American mother, Celaya finds herself asked to choose sides. Celaya’s grandmother, Soledad, is the central secondary character on whom all others react. She embodies the effects of colonialism on this family. Through Soledad’s struggles, readers come to see the psychological damage caused by power relationships that privilege part of the self over the whole. In combination with the other characters, readers see how all marginalized peoples share these traumas, giving Caramelo a universal reach. The work of Chicana critical theorists Gloria Anzaldúa, Emma Pérez, Chela Sandoval, and Edén Torres illustrate the growth of Chicana Feminism in relation to the novel. They speak to how power relationships have evolved over time and how these relationships translate through the body depending on class, race, and gender. In this thesis, German philosopher Hegel also aids in tracing how Western perceptions of the body developed. Cisneros constructs Soledad as a victim of these perceptions and simultaneously chronicles how Celaya begins the process of breaking them apart. Through Celaya, Cisneros illustrates the many journeys an individual can take in examining and deconstructing power relationships and, thus, take vital steps towards healing

Weighted norm inequalities for polynomial expansions associated to some measures with mass points

Fourier series in orthogonal polynomials with respect to a measure $\nu$ on $[-1,1]$ are studied when $\nu$ is a linear combination of a generalized Jacobi weight and finitely many Dirac deltas in $[-1,1]$. We prove some weighted norm inequalities for the partial sum operators $S_n$, their maximal operator $S^*$ and the commutator $[M_b, S_n]$, where $M_b$ denotes the operator of pointwise multiplication by b \in \BMO. We also prove some norm inequalities for $S_n$ when $\nu$ is a sum of a Laguerre weight on $\R^+$ and a positive mass on $0$

Navigating Government Statistics of Small Businesses for Pandemic Assistance

This brief examines various sources of government statistics to assist in understanding the scope of small businesses, the legal structure of their operations, and their distribution by industry in the Northeast Ohio (NEO) region. Under the current restrictions for business operations due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many entrepreneurs and small businesses need assistance to maintain cash flow and to retain both their employees and customers. Governments at all levels have developed business assistance programs to help small businesses; more recently, some of these programs have revised their rules. To illustrate who might be affected by the changing rules, several sources of government statistics can be used to define how many companies operate as a small business in the region. Entrepreneurs and small businesses play a crucial role in the regional economy, and for a successful recovery, it is imperative that small businesses and entrepreneurs stay afloat during this pivotal period

El papel del project manager en el desarrollo de proyectos universitarios multidisciplinares: Aplicación de Métrica 3 al Proyecto SIVIT

El Proyecto SIVIT tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de un sistema de información destinado a orientar a los usuarios en el territorio mediante un entorno de realidad virtual, y constituye un proyecto de innovación de gran envergadura en el ámbito de las TIC. Para su ejecución, se ha constituido un equipo multidisciplinar formado por grupos de investigación de tres Escuelas de Ingeniería de la UPM, distribuyéndose el trabajo según sus diferentes áreas de conocimiento. En este contexto, la figura del Project Manager es fundamental dada la gran amplitud del Proyecto y el hecho de que esté constituido por subproyectos de características específicas. Esto exige emplear una metodología flexible, que permita su adaptación a cada subproyecto mediante planificaciones interdependientes, por lo que se ha adoptado la metodología METRICA 3, desarrollada por el Ministerio de Administraciones Públicas. Se complementa esta metodología con el uso de herramientas comerciales de mapeado de la información (mapas mentales), así como de comunicación y colaboración (servidores de información). Igualmente, se integra en la planificación la aplicación del método de gestión del valor ganado (Earned Value Method) para una mayor eficiencia de cara a futuros proyectos en esta línea de investigació

Gaussian and Cauchy Functions in the Filled Function Method – Why and What Next: On the Example of Optimizing Road Tolls

Abstract: In many practical problems, we need to find the values of the parameters that optimize the desired objective function. For example, for the toll roads, it is important to set the toll values that lead to the fastest return on investment. There exist many optimization algorithms, the problem is that these algorithms often end up in a local optimum. One of the promising methods to avoid the local optima is the filled function method, in which we, in effect, first optimize a smoothed version of the objective function, and then use the resulting optimum to look for the optimum of the original function. It turns out that empirically, the best smoothing functions to use in this method are the Gaussian and the Cauchy functions. In this paper, we show that from the viewpoint of computational complexity, these two smoothing functions are indeed the simplest. The Gaussian and Cauchy functions are not a panacea: in some cases, they still leave us with a local optimum. In this paper, we use the computational complexity analysis to describe the next-simplest smoothing functions which are worth trying in such situations. Keywords: optimization; toll roads; filled function method; Gaussian and Cauchy smoothin

Increased circulating adiponectin levels and decreased leptin/soluble leptin receptor ratio throughout puberty in female ballet dancers:association with body composition and delay in puberty

Introduction: Ballet dancers (BDs) have a negative energy balance related to physical training that results in alterations in body composition, sexual development, and adipokine secretion. Our aims were to study anthropometric parameters, body composition, and their relationship with adipokines throughout pubertal development. Subjects and methods: We carried out a prospective follow-up study of 22 female Caucasian BDs (Tanner II stage) followed throughout puberty. Nutritional status was determined by measurement of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). We calculated growth velocity, bone maturity, and body composition at Tanner stages II, III, and V by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Circulating leptin, adiponectin, and soluble leptin receptor (sObR) levels were determined. Results: BDs presented a delay in skeletal maturation during puberty, without affectation of final height. Energy intake was deficient according to their physical exercise, and they had a delay of 1 year in the mean age of menarche. Leptin levels were decreased, whereas sObR and adiponectin levels were increased throughout puberty. The percentage of trunk fat, total fat mass, and fat of the extremities was decreased throughout the study period (P<0.01). Lean mass was increased in the lower extremities, and bone mineral density was normal. Conclusion: A negative energy balance together with maintained physical exercise induced modifications in body composition in BDs. Changes in leptin and adiponectin levels appear to be more related to total fat content than to BMI. Furthermore, the onset and delayed progress of puberty may be related with an inadequate energy balance due to increased exercise

Phylogenetic analysis of the Pantomorus-Naupactus complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) from North and Central America

We undertook the first cladistic analysis of the Pantomorus-Naupactus complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from North and Central America, based on 35 species and 61 morphological characters, plus 1151 bp of the mtDNA COI and Cyt b genes. The morphological and the combined matrices analyzed with TNT yielded a single most parsimonious cladogram that allows recognition of two main lineages within the Pantomorus-Naupactus complex in North and Central America. One is represented by the species formerly placed in Phacepholis and the Pantomorus species group II sensu Sharp, ranging along the Pacific coast of Central America and Mexico and reaching the Great Plains of North America in the United States, yet not occurring in South America. The other lineage is represented by the species of Naupactus and Pantomorus: species group I, with closer relationships to the South American species of these genera. The Pantomorus group I includes the type species of the genus P. albosignatus Boheman whereas the Pantomorus group II includes the type species of Athetetes Pascoe, 1886 (A. globicollis Pascoe). Based on the results of our phylogenetic analysis, we recommend retaining the name Pantomorus Schoenherr for most species of the Pantomorus group I, except P. stupidus (Boheman) and P. femoratus Sharp which should be transferred to Naupactus Dejean. Moreover, we enlarge the previous concept of Phacepholis to include most species of the Pantomorus group II, and we establish the synonymy of Athetetes Pascoe, 1886 with Phacepholis Horn, 1876, being the latter the valid name, by priority.We undertook the first cladistic analysis of the Pantomorus-Naupactus complex (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from North and Central America, based on 35 species and 61 morphological characters, plus 1151 bp of the mtDNA COI and Cyt b genes. The morphological and the combined matrices analyzed with TNT yielded a single most parsimonious cladogram that allows recognition of two main lineages within the Pantomorus-Naupactus complex in North and Central America. One is represented by the species formerly placed in Phacepholis and the Pantomorus species group II sensu Sharp, ranging along the Pacific coast of Central America and Mexico and reaching the Great Plains of North America in the United States, yet not occurring in South America. The other lineage is represented by the species of Naupactus and Pantomorus: species group I, with closer relationships to the South American species of these genera. The Pantomorus group I includes the type species of the genus P. albosignatus Boheman whereas the Pantomorus group II includes the type species of Athetetes Pascoe, 1886 (A. globicollis Pascoe). Based on the results of our phylogenetic analysis, we recommend retaining the name Pantomorus Schoenherr for most species of the Pantomorus group I, except P. stupidus (Boheman) and P. femoratus Sharp which should be transferred to Naupactus Dejean. Moreover, we enlarge the previous concept of Phacepholis to include most species of the Pantomorus group II, and we establish the synonymy of Athetetes Pascoe, 1886 with Phacepholis Horn, 1876, being the latter the valid name, by priority.Fil: Rosas, María V.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Morrone, Juan José. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: del Rio, Maria Guadalupe. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Lanteri, Analia Alicia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentin

Recubrimiento biocida para elementos de protección para personal sanitario

El objetivo del Proyecto es mejorar la protección física de quienes se exponen cotidianamente con altas cargas virales, con un sistema protector biocida que actúa inmediatamente sobre las partículas virales que se depositen, inactivándolas. El producto es una formulación con actividad biocida, la cual desactiva la partícula viral que genera el Covid-19. La formulación desarrollada por el grupo de investigación perteneciente al Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (UTN-CIC) posee tres formas de acción: 1) Sanitiza la superficie debido a que su base es alcohólica; 2) Genera una impermeabilidad lo cual hace que las microgotas de secreción, que transportan las partículas virales, no queden en superficie y, por último; 3) Posee principios activos que cuando toman contacto con el virus lo inactivan, disminuyendo o anulando así su capacidad virulenta. De esta manera se genera una protección prolongada de las superficies donde se aplica, evitando los contagios dados por contacto de estas superficies contaminadas. El producto puede aplicarse mediante rociado o pulverizado, permitiendo una rápida aplicación y reaplicación