The relationship between knowledge management and innovation level in Mexican SMEs: Empirical evidence

The transformation of the current society from an industry-based economy to a knowledge management and innovation-based economy is changing the design and implementation of business strategies and the nature of the competition among the organizations which are mainly small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs). They struggle to survive in a market which is more demanding and competitive, so they seeknowledge management as one of the most effective strategies that may help to enable the innovation activities into the businesses. For these reasons, this research paper has as a main goal to analyze the relationship between knowledge management and innovation in Mexican SMEs. The empirical analysis used 125 manufacturing SMEs (each SME having from 20 to 250 employees) as a sample to be carried out. The obtained results indicate that knowledge management has a positive impact in products, process, and management systems innovation

Análisis de las realidades corporales y el trayecto escolar en Ghana

En este Trabajo de Fin de grado aborda la realidad corporal de los alumnos en una escuela pública de Educación Primaria en Ghana (África), desde una perspectiva docente construida en España. Visto el creciente interés de nuestra sociedad en el camino al colegio, con una mayor aplicación práctica para la autonomía de los niños, se intenta reflejar los conocimientos corporales y conductuales implícitos en el camino a la escuela en Ghana.Grado en Educación Primari

Preparación y caracterización de nanocompuestos poliméricos de PP y PET con nanotubos de carbono: estudio mediante microespectroscopia vibracional

Tesis doctoral inédita. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física Aplicada. Fecha de lectura: 12-12-201

Verificación y mejoramiento del sistema de impulsión y separación del material particulado en residuos industriales líquidos de la planta faenadora COEXCA S.A. Talca

108 p.Coexca S.A. Talca, cuenta con un plantel de más de 500 personas para el faenado de cerdos y distintas máquinas para su procesamiento. En su actualidad, su producción diaria llega a 1.900 unidades de cerdos faenados como promedio. Gracias a las grandes estrategias de comercio, esta cifra tendrá un aumento de hasta 1.100 cerdos por día, lo que conlleva la necesidad de aumentar la disponibilidad en todos los márgenes de producción, particularmente, el hecho de ampliación de la planta, trae consigo, el incremento de residuos industriales líquidos (RILes), lo que, a nivel operacional, es preocupante al tratarse de desechos contaminantes por su composición bioquímica. Por lo anterior, es que se presenta la siguiente memoria con el fin de poder solucionar la situación dada. La cual consta, en verificar si el sistema actual de filtración e impulsión, soporta las futuras condiciones de trabajo, implicando nuevos caudales, trayectos y puntos de descargas, respetando las especificaciones que impone Agua Nuevo Sur, para la descarga al sistema de alcantarillado y posterior tratamiento final. Cabe mencionar, que, gracias a un levantamiento de información, sobre la cantidad de litros utilizados por cerdo, esta cifra llega a los 513 litros, lo que es preocupante en términos de almacenaje y posterior descarga. Si bien, existe un contrato establecido con empresas Aguas Nuevo Sur sobre la descarga máxima al sistema de alcantarillado de 17.000 m3 cada 30 días, esta cifra sin duda, se tendrá que modificar, ya que el aumento es de un 57 % sobre la cifra actual de cabezas de cerdos faenadas. Ahora, para respetar los parámetros que impone Aguas Nuevo Sur sobre la composición de los RILes, empresa Coexca S.A. trabaja en paralelo con sistemas de lagunaje, compuesto de 3 lagunas de aireación con una capacidad volumétrica de 2.489, 3.069 y 3.069 m3, dando un tratamiento para la descarga de 10 días, con esto, se debe buscar la mejor alternativa para suplir el aumento de caudal, reflejado en un total de 1.539 m3 por día. Dato importante para la verificación de las centrales de bombeo. Una vez estudiados, analizados y teniendo la certeza de la mejor solución, se hace un coste de los componentes y trabajos necesario, llegando a una cifra de $77.320.570 reflejados en: codos y tuberías de PVC hidráulico, válvulas, como también, componentes de pegado; construcción de 413,44 metros lineales de zanja para la instalación de los nuevos trayectos de tuberías y construcción de lagunas de aireación. Palabras claves: RILes, caudales, descarga, aguas rojas y verdes/ ABSTRACT: Coexca S.A. Talca, has a staff of more than 500 people to pig slaughter and different machines for processing. At present, daily production reaches 1,900 pig units slaughtered on average. Thanks to the large trading strategies, this figure will increase up to 1,100 pigs per day, which entails the need to increase availability in all production margins, particularly the expansion of the plant, which brings with it the increase of liquid industrial waste (RILes), which, at the operational level, is worrisome when it comes to pollutant waste due to its biochemical composition. For the above, it is that the following memory is presented in order to be able to solve the given situation. This is to verify if the current system of filtration and discharge supports future working conditions, including new flows, routes and points of discharge, respecting the specifications imposed by Agua Nuevo Sur, for discharge to the sewer system and Subsequent final treatment. It should be mentioned that thanks to gathering information about the amount of liters used per pig, this figure reaches 513 liters, which is worrisome in terms of storage and subsequent discharge. Even though there is a contract established with Aguas Nuevo Sur on the maximum sewage system drainage of 17,000 m3 every 30 days, this figure must certainly change, because the increase is 57RILes, company Coexca S.A. Works in parallel with lagooning systems, composed of 3 aeration lagoons with a volumetric capacity of 2,489, 3,069 and 3,069 m3, giving a treatment for the discharge of 10 days, with this, it is necessary to look for the best alternative to supply the increase of Flow, reflected in a total of 1,539 m3 per day. Important data for the verification of pumping stations. Once studied, analyzed and having the certainty of the best solution, Is made a cost of the necessary works and components, Reaching a figure of$ 77.320.570 reflected in: elbows and pipes of hydraulic PVC, valves, as well as gluing components; Construction of 413.44 linear meters of trench for the installation of the new pipeline paths and construction of aeration lagoons. Keywords: RILs, flows, discharge, red and green waters

Use of fiber reinforced concrete in bridges: Metrorrey line 2 case study

An assessment concerning the structural applicability and performance of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is presented for different bridge elements and within a design framework. FRC as the main bearing material in structural members has evolved from low-demand applications to increasingly ones, where bending and shear are the main internal forces. In actual applications, this was reflected with initial slab-on-grade cases, through tunnels, and later moving towards elevated slabs. Past experiences show that FRC has notable features regarding ultimate capacity and serviceability performance (i.e., enhanced crack control). These capabilities allowed for optimizations such as material savings, reduction of intensive labor during construction, or extended durability. Considering FRC's enhancements from previous applications, a case study based on the Metrorrey Line 2 light-train viaduct (Mexico) is developed. The case study aims to assess the structural performance that FRC can deliver within bridge geometries, loads, and specific conditions. Two numerical models considering different transversal post-tensioning configurations are developed based on the reference structure. The use of these two numerical models aims to broaden the applicability of this study to most U-shaped light-train viaducts. The design is based on current and future standards and recommendations, being prEN1992-1-1:2021, EN1992-1-1:2004, and fib Model Code 2010. After the numerical models and structural analysis, different sectional analyses at ultimate and serviceability levels are carried out, considering both conventional and fiber reinforced concretes. From the sectional results, FRC can provide reductions to reinforcement quantities at ultimate load levels, which are tied to the initially required reinforcement ratio (in other words, linked to the internal forces existing in the element). When higher reinforcement ratios are necessary, FRC optimizations point toward serviceability limit states, especially on the crack width reduction and the potential to reduce or suppress any additional reinforcement due to crack limitations.The first author would like to acknowledge the funding support provided by the Spanish Ministry of Universities through the Ph.D. grant program Formación de Profesorado Universitario (FPU18/06067). The authors are indebted to the Spanish Ministry of Sience and Innovation for the funding provided through the research project PID2021-126405OB-C31 and to the Secretaria d’ Universitats i Recerca de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Catalunya, Spain, for the funding provided through Agaur (2017 SGR 1482).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Non-linear nanoscale piezoresponse of single ZnO nanowires affected by piezotronic effect

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) as semiconductor piezoelectric nanostructures have emerged as material of interest for applications in energy harvesting, photonics, sensing, biomedical science, actuators or spintronics. The expression for the piezoelectric properties in semiconductor materials is concealed by the screening effect of the available carriers and the piezotronic effect, leading to complex nanoscale piezoresponse signals. Here, we have developed a metal-semiconductor-metal model to simulate the piezoresponse of single ZnO NWs, demonstrating that the apparent non-linearity in the piezoelectric coefficient arises from the asymmetry created by the forward and reversed biased Schottky barriers at the semiconductor-metal junctions. By directly measuring the experimental I-V characteristics of ZnO NWs with conductive atomic force microscope together with the piezoelectric vertical coefficient by piezoresponse force microscopy, and comparing them with the numerical calculations for our model, effective piezoelectric coefficients in the range d 33eff ∼ 8.6 pm V¯¹-12.3 pm V¯¹ have been extracted for ZnO NWs. We have further demonstrated via simulations the dependence between the effective piezoelectric coefficient d 33eff and the geometry and physical dimensions of the NW (radius to length ratio), revealing that the higher d 33eff is obtained for thin and long NWs due to the tensor nature proportionality between electric fields and deformation in NW geometries. Moreover, the non-linearity of the piezoresponse also leads to multiharmonic electromechanical response observed at the second and higher harmonics that indeed is not restricted to piezoelectric semiconductor materials but can be generalized to any type of asymmetric voltage drops on a piezoelectric structure as well as leaky wide band-gap semiconductor ferroelectrics

Método de agrupamiento geoespacial para la segmentación de una población de viviendas

Generalmente, las encuestas por muestreo realizadas por los organismos oficiales de estadística se valen de un marco muestral que lista y agrupa a viviendas particulares según su ubicación geográfica, de acuerdo con los niveles de desagregación requeridos por el diseño. Los mismos son elaborados a partir de información recogida en los Censos de Población y mediante la asistencia de software cartográfico. La dificultad de este procedimiento no solo se debe al exhaustivo trabajo manual, sino también a imprecisiones respecto a calles y numeración de las viviendas. Por motivos relacionados a la precisión de los estimadores y de distribución de carga de trabajo es preferible que la cantidad de viviendas por área de muestreo sea uniforme. Este trabajo presenta un algoritmo de agrupamiento espacial que permite especificar tamaño de clusters de antemano y que solo requiere posicionamiento dado por latitud y longitud. Se muestra su desempeño y se lo compara con el método de clustering k-medias en una aplicación a una población sintética de viviendas.Generally, sampling surveys carried out by official statistical agencies use a sampling frame that lists and groups households according to their geographical location, satisfying the disaggregation levels required by the design. They are elaborated from information collected in Population Censuses and through the assistance of cartographic software. The difficulty of this procedure is not only due to the exhaustive manual work, but also to inaccuracies regarding streets and numbering of homes. For reasons related to the accuracy of the estimators and the distribution of workload, it is preferable that the number of dwellings per sampling area be uniform. This paper presents a spatial clustering algorithm that allows us to specify size of clusters in advance and only requires positioning given by latitude and longitude. Its performance is shown and compared with the k-means clustering method in an application to a synthetic household population.Capretto, Tomás; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística, Universidad Nacional de RosarioFil: Marí, Gonzalo Pablo Domingo; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Rosari

Analyzing and Improving Data Quality

Data quality is a research area strongly investigated during the 90’s. However, few companies in Argentina apply data quality methodologies or tools during the analysis, design or implementation phases of software development process. Developers generally use techniques to design systems such as UML without considering mechanisms for future data quality problems. In this work we propose a methodology in which the data quality is an essential part of the whole software development process. Early design decisions on data quality strongly impact on the system. Our methodology defines a set of practices to be applied on the software life cycle. In addition these practices act as a means to evaluate if systems already running fulfill with minimal data quality requirements.Facultad de Informátic