Aislamiento Social y Pandemia en la ruralidad Argentina

Se brinda un panorama general sobre la situación que transitan las familias rurales el Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio (ASPO). Con el objetivo de conocer estas realidades se relevó información, de manera práctica y sencilla, sobre diversas localidades del país. Se abordaron diversos temas, que van desde la presencia de contagios, la gestión de la pandemia y el acatamiento del aislamiento social; pasando por el acceso a la salud, los alimentos y otros bienes de primera necesidad; la continuidad educativa; el impacto en el ingreso; la producción y el acceso a políticas públicas de asistencia; hasta aspectos relacionados con vínculos familiares y sociocomunitarios.Se destaca una profundización de problemáticas estructurales e históricas, asociadas con infraestructura y se resaltan los problemas derivados de la marginalidad de algunos territorios y sectores productivos, así como los obstáculos para acceder al sistema de salud, financiero y educativo, la falta de trabajos y empleos formales, la migración de jóvenes, entre otras problemáticas.Fil: Alcoba, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Leticia Gonzalez. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Chávez, María Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Salatino, Maria Noelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Mendoza-San Juan. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga Mendiola, María Belen. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez Ferrin, Maria Soledad. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin

Habitar la ruralidad argentina en pandemia: aislamiento social y desigualdades

El 20 de marzo de 2020 se estableció en todo el territorio argentino el Aislamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio (aspo) como medida de protección de la salud pública frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. La principal estrategia adoptada buscaba desacelerar la curva de contagios, con el propósito de preparar al sistema de salud con equipamientos y capacidades humanas que evitaran el colapso ante el ascenso vertiginoso de demandas, tal como venía sucediendo en otros países del mundo. Si bien aparecía como medida provisoria, el desarrollo de la pandemia impulsó a prorrogar esta medida, acompañada de licencias laborales para personas pertenecientes a grupos de riesgo y el cese de la actividad educativa en todos los niveles y en todo el país.IPAF Región NoroesteFil: Alcoba, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: Chavez, María Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: Salatino, María Noelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga Mendiola, María Belén. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: González Ferrín, María Soledad. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Chacra Experimental Integrada Barrow; ArgentinaFil: González, Leticia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigación en Economía y Prospectiva; Argentin

Pandemic and youth in rural territories in Argentina

El presente artículo analiza la situación de jóvenes rurales y su percepción respecto de la coyuntura de pandemia y aislamiento. Resulta de interés en cuanto la pandemia ha agravado la situación de vulnerabilidad estructural que los caracteriza. Generalmente las juventudes son quienes cuentan con mayor capacidad de aprendizaje, adaptación y asimilación de nuevas tecnologías, volviéndose un grupo estratégico dentro del marco del desarrollo rural sostenible. Sin embargo, gran parte de las y los jóvenes que permanecen en la agricultura o áreas rurales se ven afectados por una multiplicidad de factores, exacerbados frente a la crisis sanitaria mundial. Para este artículo se analizaron 96 encuestas de jóvenes entre 15 a 29 años relevadas en Argentina en pandemia (COVID-19), realizadas a referentes de distintas localidades y comunidades rurales del país. Se indagó sobre variados temas relativos al contexto de aislamiento y gestión de la pandemia. El propósito es aportar al conocimiento de la situación de desigualdad de las juventudes rurales. Para el desarrollo de los territorios, resulta fundamental reconocer su inclusión como sujetos de política pública, otorgarles espacio de participación, integrarlos en una mirada prospectiva, fortaleciendo oportunidades para que su arraigo en el campo pueda ser alternativa.This article analyzes the situation of rural youth and their perception of the pandemic and confinement. The pandemic has aggravated the situation of structural vulnerability that characterizes them. Normally, young people have the greatest capacity to learn, adapt and assimilate new technologies, which makes them strategic for sustainable rural development. However, many of them who remain in agriculture or in rural areas are affected by multiple factors, aggravated by the global health crisis. For this article, 96 people between the ages of 15 and 29 were surveyed. The surveys were conducted among representatives of different cities and rural communities in Argentina. We inquired about different topics related to the context of confinement and management of the pandemic. We aim to contribute to the knowledge of the vulnerability of rural youth. For rural development, it is essential to recognize their inclusion as subjects of public policies, to allow them to participate, to integrate them in a prospective view, strengthening the opportunities for their rooting in the countryside and becoming an alternative.Centro de investigación en Economía y ProspectivaFil: Alcoba, Laura Noemi. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: Salatino, María Noelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Salatino, María Noelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Chavez, María Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Leticia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigación en Economía y Prospectiva (CIEP); ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Leticia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga Mendiola, María Belén. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga Mendiola, María Belén. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; ArgentinaFil: Alcoba, Laura Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; Argentin

Aislamiento social y pandemia en la ruralidad argentina : una aproximación a la situación de familias y jóvenes.

Se brinda un panorama general sobre la situación que transitan las familias rurales el Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio (ASPO). Con el objetivo de conocer estas realidades se relevó información, de manera práctica y sencilla, sobre diversas localidades del país. Se abordaron diversos temas, que van desde la presencia de contagios, la gestión de la pandemia y el acatamiento del aislamiento social; pasando por el acceso a la salud, los alimentos y otros bienes de primera necesidad; la continuidad educativa; el impacto en el ingreso; la producción y el acceso a políticas públicas de asistencia; hasta aspectos relacionados con vínculos familiares y sociocomunitarios. Se destaca una profundización de problemáticas estructurales e históricas, asociadas con infraestructura y se resaltan los problemas derivados de la marginalidad de algunos territorios y sectores productivos, así como los obstáculos para acceder al sistema de salud, financiero y educativo, la falta de trabajos y empleos formales, la migración de jóvenes, entre otras problemáticas.Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOAFil: Alcoba, Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: González, Leticia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigación en Economía y Prospectiva; ArgentinaFil: Chavez, María Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga Mendiola, María Belén. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; ArgentinaFil: González Ferrín, María Soledad. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Chacra Experimental Integrada Barrow; ArgentinaFil: Salatino, María Noelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Salatino, María Noelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Study protocol of cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a biopsychosocial multidisciplinary intervention in the evolution of non-specific sub-acute low back pain in the working population: cluster randomised trial.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background: Low back pain (LBP), with high incidence and prevalence rate, is one of the most common reasons to consult the health system and is responsible for a significant amount of sick leave, leading to high health and social costs. The objective of the study is to assess the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of a multidisciplinary biopsychosocial educational group intervention (MBEGI) of non-specific sub-acute LBP in comparison with the usual care in the working population recruited in primary healthcare centres. Methods/design: The study design is a cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of a MBEGI in comparison with the usual care of non-specific sub-acute LBP.Measures on effectiveness and costs of both interventions will be obtained from a cluster randomised controlled clinical trial carried out in 38 Catalan primary health care centres, enrolling 932 patients between 18 and 65 years old with a diagnosis of non-specific sub-acute LBP. Effectiveness measures are: pharmaceutical treatments, work sick leave (% and duration in days), Roland Morris disability, McGill pain intensity, Fear Avoidance Beliefs (FAB) and Golberg Questionnaires. Utility measures will be calculated from the SF-12. The analysis will be performed from a social perspective. The temporal horizon is at 3 months (change to chronic LBP) and 12 months (evaluate the outcomes at long term. Assessment of outcomes will be blinded and will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: We hope to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of MBEGI, see an improvement in the patients' quality of life, achieve a reduction in the duration of episodes and the chronicity of non-specific low back pain, and be able to report a decrease in the social costs. If the intervention is cost-effectiveness and cost-utility, it could be applied to Primary Health Care Centres. Trial registration: ISRCTN: ISRCTN5871969

FGF receptor genes and breast cancer susceptibility: results from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. Genome-wide association studies have identified FGFR2 as a breast cancer susceptibility gene. Common variation in other fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors might also modify risk. We tested this hypothesis by studying genotyped single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and imputed SNPs in FGFR1, FGFR3, FGFR4 and FGFRL1 in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Methods:Data were combined from 49 studies, including 53 835 cases and 50 156 controls, of which 89 050 (46 450 cases and 42 600 controls) were of European ancestry, 12 893 (6269 cases and 6624 controls) of Asian and 2048 (1116 cases and 932 controls) of African ancestry. Associations with risk of breast cancer, overall and by disease sub-type, were assessed using unconditional logistic regression. Results:Little evidence of association with breast cancer risk was observed for SNPs in the FGF receptor genes. The strongest evidence in European women was for rs743682 in FGFR3; the estimated per-allele odds ratio was 1.05 (95 confidence interval=1.02-1.09, P=0.0020), which is substantially lower than that observed for SNPs in FGFR2. Conclusion:Our results suggest that common variants in the other FGF receptors are not associated with risk of breast cancer to the degree observed for FGFR2. © 2014 Cancer Research UK

Exchange of functional domains between a bacterial conjugative relaxase and the integrase of the human adeno-associated virus

Endonucleases of the HUH family are specialized in processing single-stranded DNA in a variety of evolutionarily highly conserved biological processes related to mobile genetic elements. They share a structurally defined catalytic domain for site-specific nicking and strand-transfer reactions, which is often linked to the activities of additional functional domains, contributing to their overall versatility. To assess if these HUH domains could be interchanged, we created a chimeric protein from two distantly related HUH endonucleases, containing the N-terminal HUH domain of the bacterial conjugative relaxase TrwC and the C-terminal DNA helicase domain of the human adeno-associated virus (AAV) replicase and site-specific integrase. The purified chimeric protein retained oligomerization properties and DNA helicase activities similar to Rep68, while its DNA binding specificity and cleaving-joining activity at oriT was similar to TrwC. Interestingly, the chimeric protein could catalyse site-specific integration in bacteria with an efficiency comparable to that of TrwC, while the HUH domain of TrwC alone was unable to catalyze this reaction, implying that the Rep68 C-terminal helicase domain is complementing the TrwC HUH domain to achieve site-specific integration into TrwC targets in bacteria. Our results illustrate how HUH domains could have acquired through evolution other domains in order to attain new roles, contributing to the functional flexibility observed in this protein superfamily.This work was supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC) grant MR/N022890/1 to EH and grant 1001764 to RML; National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant RO1-GM09285 to CRE; Spanish Ministry of Economy and competitiveness (MINECO) grant BIO2013-46414-P to ML and AFM is supported by a Doc.Mobility fellowship from the Swiss National Science Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Study protocol of effectiveness of a biopsychosocial multidisciplinary intervention in the evolution of non-speficic sub-acute low back pain in the working population : cluster randomised trial

Background: Non-specific low back pain is a common cause for consultation with the general practitioner, generating increased health and social costs. This study will analyse the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary intervention to reduce disability, severity of pain, anxiety and depression, to improve quality of life and to reduce the incidence of chronic low back pain in the working population with non-specific low back pain, compared to usual clinical care. Methods/Design: A Cluster randomised clinical trial will be conducted in 38 Primary Health Care Centres located in Barcelona, Spain and its surrounding areas. The centres are randomly allocated to the multidisciplinary intervention or to usual clinical care. Patients between 18 and 65 years old (n = 932; 466 per arm) and with a diagnostic of a non-specific sub-acute low back pain are included. Patients in the intervention group are receiving the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines, in addition to a biopsychosocial multidisciplinary intervention consisting of group educational sessions lasting a total of 10 hours. The main outcome is change in the score in the Roland Morris disability questionnaire at three months after onset of pain. Other outcomes are severity of pain, quality of life, duration of current non-specific low back pain episode, work sick leave and duration, Fear Avoidance Beliefs and Goldberg Questionnaires. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. Analysis will be by intention to treat. The intervention effect will be assessed through the standard error of measurement and the effect-size. Responsiveness of each scale will be evaluated by standardised response mean and receiver-operating characteristic method. Recovery according to the patient will be used as an external criterion. A multilevel regression will be performed on repeated measures. The time until the current episode of low back pain takes to subside will be analysed by Cox regression. Discussion: We hope to provide evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed biopsychosocial multidisciplinary intervention in avoiding the chronification of low back pain, and to reduce the duration of non-specific low back pain episodes. If the intervention is effective, it could be applied to Primary Health Care Centres

GEICO (Spanish Group for Investigation on Ovarian Cancer) treatment guidelines in ovarian cancer 2012

In 2006, under the auspices of The Spanish Research Group for Ovarian Cancer (Spanish initials GEICO), the first “Treatment Guidelines in Ovarian Cancer” were developed and then published in Clinical and Translational Oncology by Poveda Velasco et al. (Clin Transl Oncol 9(5):308–316, 2007). Almost 6 years have elapsed and over this time, we have seen some important developments in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Significant changes were also introduced after the GCIG-sponsored 4th Consensus Conference on Ovarian Cancer by Stuart et al. (Int J Gynecol Cancer 21:750–755, 2011). So we decided to update the treatment guidelines in ovarian cancer and, with this objective, a group of investigators of the GEICO group met in February 2012. This study summarizes the presentations, discussions and evidence that were reviewed during the meeting and during further discussions of the manuscript