First Case of Systemic Coronavirus Infection in a Domestic Ferret (Mustela putorius furo) in Peru.

A domestic ferret from Lima, Peru, died after ten days of non-specific clinical signs. Based on pathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis, ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV)-associated disease was diagnosed for the first time in South America. This report highlights the potential spread of pathogens by the international pet trade

Técnicas gráfico plásticas en la coordinación motora fina de los niños de 5 años de “San José School"

El presente trabajo de investigación, ha tenido como propósito determinar si las técnicas gráfico plásticas influyen en la coordinación motora fina de los niños de 5 años de la Institución Educativa “San José School”, Trujillo-2018 La población muestral objeto de estudio, estuvo constituida por 35 estudiantes de ambos sexos de 5 años del nivel Inicial. Para elegir el tamaño de la muestra se utilizó el muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, quedando conformada por el universo muestral de 35 estudiantes, distribuidos en dos grupos un grupo experimental y un grupo control. Para la investigación se ha utilizado el tipo de estudio experimental con su correspondiente diseño cuasi-experimental con pre test y post test. Al comparar los promedios del pre test y post test del grupo experimental, utilizando la “t” Students, se determinó que las Técnicas gráfico plásticas influyen significativamente en la coordinación motora fina en los niños de 5 año

Propuesta del modelo de gestión por procesos de planificación y control de la producción para mype del subsector de elaboración y conservación de frutas, legumbres y hortalizas en Lima Metropolitana

En el presente trabajo de investigación se muestra la relación que existe entre la disminución de la pobreza, el crecimiento económico de un país y el aporte de las MYPE, basados en conceptos de especialistas. Además, se desarrolla una investigación profunda del sector de alimentos de Elaboración y conservación de frutas, legumbres y hortalizas; utilizando la gestión por procesos debido a que según estudios permite incrementar la productividad de las empresas. Mediante esta investigación, se realiza un diagnostico acerca de la situación de las organizaciones y se encuentran las deficiencias que existen con respecto a la planificación y control de la producción. En base a este análisis, se establecen propuestas basadas en gestión por procesos y PCP; con el fin de que través de un modelo de gestión por procesos de planificación y control de la fabricación se permitirá entregar la producción a tiempo al área de Logística para mejorar la productividad y competitividad de las MYPE (micro y pequeña empresa) y su crecimiento en el subsector de elaboración y conservación de frutas, legumbres y hortalizas.In this research the relationship between poverty reduction, economic growth of a country and the contribution of MSEs, based on concepts of specialists is shown. In addition, a thorough investigation of food processing and preservation of fruits and vegetables sector develops; using process management because according to studies can increase business productivity. Through this research, a diagnosis about the situation of organizations is made and are the deficiencies that exist with respect to the planning and production control. Based on this analysis, proposals based on process management and PCP are established; so that through a management model for planning and production control will be allowed to deliver production in time to the area of ​​logistics to improve productivity and competitiveness of MSEs (micro and small enterprises) and growth in the subsector of processing and preservation of fruits and vegetables.Tesi

Range corrections for two-neutron halo nuclei in effective theory

The range corrections to the universal properties and structure of two-neutron halo nuclei are investigated within an effective quantum mechanics framework. Treating the nucleus as an effective three-body system, we make a systematic improvement upon previous calculations by calculating the linear range corrections at next-to-leading order. Since the effective ranges for the neutron-core interactions are not known, we estimate the effective range to be set by the inverse of the pion mass. We investigate the possibility of excited Efimov states in two-neutron halo nuclei and calculate their mean square radii to next-to-leading order. We find that the effective range corrections are generally small and the leading order predictions are very robust.Comment: 19 pages, 4 eps figures, revtex4, final version to appear in Nucl. Phys.

Helmintos hepáticos zoonóticos y su caracterización histopatológica en Rattus spp procedentes de un zoológico, granjas porcinas y mercados de abastos

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of zoonotic liver helminths and their histopathological characterization in rodents (Rattus spp.) from a zoo, pig farms and food markets in Lima, Perú. The morphometric parameters of each rodent were recorded to determine the age and identify the species, computing a total of 267 animals. The handling and the capture methodology were carried out according to the biosafety standards established by the Center for Infectious Diseases and Prevention of Atlanta. Livers were macroscopically evaluated for lesions. For diagnostic confirmation by histopathology, samples were taken from the right lateral lobe of all the livers together with other areas that showed damage in search of tissue lesions and inflammatory response related to the presence of the parasites. The pathological analysis determined a prevalence of 3.74% of Cysticercus fasciolaris in Rattus spp. without finding Capillaria hepatica. Statistical analysis did not show a statistically significant association between the study variables and C. fasciolaris. The most common histopathological diagnosis was moderate to severe granulomatous eosinophilic cholangiohepatitis associated with C. fasciolaris. The results indicate that rats can be sources of C. fasciolaris infections in various environmental settings, therefore, they allow us to understand the health risk of the zoonoses they transmit and their management.El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de helmintos hepáticos zoonóticos y su caracterización histopatológica en roedores (Rattus spp.) procedentes de un zoológico, granjas porcinas y mercados de abastos en Lima, Perú. Se registraron los parámetros morfométricos de cada roedor para determinar la edad e identificar las especies computándose un total de 267 animales. El manejo y la metodología de captura se realizó según los estándares de bioseguridad establecidos por el Centro de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Prevención de Atlanta. Los hígados fueron evaluados macroscópicamente en busca de lesiones. Para la confirmación diagnóstica por histopatología se tomó muestras del lóbulo lateral derecho de todos los hígados junto con otras áreas que evidenciaron daño en búsqueda de lesiones tisulares y respuesta inflamatoria relacionadas con la presencia de los parásitos. El análisis patológico determinó una prevalencia de 3.74% de Cysticercus fasciolaris en Rattus spp. no hallándose Capillaria hepatica. El análisis estadístico no evidenció asociación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables de estudio con C. fasciolaris (p>0.05). El diagnóstico histopatológico más común fue una moderada a severa colangiohepatitis eosinofílica granulomatosa asociada a C. fasciolaris. Los resultados indican que las ratas pueden ser fuentes de infecciones por C. fasciolaris en diversos entornos medioambientales, por tanto, permiten comprender el riesgo sanitario de las zoonosis que transmiten y su manejo

Ultrastructural Description of Sarcocystis Sp. in Cardiac Mus-cle of Naturally Infected Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)

Background: Recently, it was proposed the name of Sarcocystis masoni n. sp. for the Sarcocystis that causes microcyst in skeletal muscle of South American camelids. However, there are no ultrastructural reports of microcysts of Sarcocystis in cardiac muscle of alpacas. This study reports ultrastructural features of microcysts of Sarcocystis sp. from cardiac muscle of naturally infected alpacas. Methods: Thirty alpacas (age range: three to five years) from the province of Junin, Peruvian Central Andes, were included in this study in January 2015. Cardiac muscle samples were evaluated by histology and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Bradyzoites in cysts had typical characteristics of Apicomplexa including organelles, a large nucleus, micronemes, dense bodies, and polysaccharide granules. Moreover, cysts had a thin wall with numerous, short, finger-like shapes with rounded tip protrusions (0.51 x 0.17 µm). Conclusion: Sarcocystis sp. from the heart and S. masoni n. sp. from the skeletal muscle have similar ultrastructural characteristics

Molecular identification and microscopic characterization of poxvirus in a Guiana dolphin and a common bottlenose dolphin, Brazil

The poxviruses identified in cetaceans are associated with characteristic tattoo or ring skin lesions. However, little is known regarding the prevalence and progression of these lesions and the molecular characterization of cetacean poxviruses in the Southern Hemisphere. This manuscript describes the progression of poxvirus-like skin lesions in 5 free-ranging Guiana dolphins Sotalia guianensis. Additionally, 151 skin samples from 113 free-ranging cetaceans from Brazil, including 4 animals with tattoo skin lesions, were selected for poxvirus testing. Poxviral DNA polymerase gene PCR amplification was used to detect the virus in β-actin-positive samples (145/151). DNA topoisomerase I gene PCR was then used in Cetaceanpoxvirus (CePV)-positive cases (n = 2), which were further evaluated by histopathology and electron microscopy. Based on photo-identification, adult Guiana dolphins presented regressing or healed poxvirus-like lesions (2/2), while juveniles presented persistent (2/3) or healed and progressive lesions (1/3). CePV DNA was amplified in a common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus and in a Guiana dolphin. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies and viral particles consistent with poxvirus were identified by histology and electron microscopy, respectively. CePV-specific amino acid motifs were identified through phylogenetic analysis. Our findings corroborate previous studies that suggest the placement of poxviruses from cetaceans within the novel CePV genus. This is the first molecular identification of poxvirus in South American odontocetes

Comparative Pathology of Hepatopaties and Nefropaties in Cetaceans from Brazil

Nos mamíferos, o fígado e o rim são órgãos fundamentais para uma adequada homeostase. Nos cetáceos, são de especial importância frente aos desafios da vida no ambiente marinho. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar as principais lesões hepáticas e renais de cetáceos do Brasil, utilizando-se amostras mantidas junto ao Banco de Tecidos de Mamíferos Marinhos (BTMM), Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens. Para a caracterização das lesões foram utilizadas técnicas anatomopatológicas, imuno-histoquímicas e ultraestrutural. Foram estudados 197 cetáceos de 18 espécies, encontrados mortos em decorrência de captura incidental em apetrecho de pesca, encalhe ou após tentativas de reabilitação. A principal espécie amostrada foi toninha (Pontoporia blainvillei) com 65,9% (130/197) dos casos. Quanto à distribuição geográfica as amostras provieram principalmente do estado de São Paulo (41,6%, 82/197), seguido do Rio Grande do Sul (36,5%, 72/192) e Ceará (11,7%, 23/197). Entre as principais lesões hepáticas diagnosticadas, as inclusões hialinas citoplasmáticas (IHC) apresentaram maior frequência (46,3%, 88/190), seguidas pelas hepatites portais linfoplasmocíticas crônicas observadas em 36,5% (69/190), esteatose, em 14,2% (27/190), hepatite necrótica, em 4,7% (9/190), e colangiohepatite parasitária, em 2,6% (5/190) dos casos. A ocorrência de IHC foi mais frequente em animais capturados do que encalhados. Entre as principais lesões renais diagnosticadas, a glomerulonefrite membranosa apresentou maior frequência (14,5%, 28/192). Foram observadas também glomerulonefrine membranoproliferativa, em 10,4% (20/192), nefrite intersticial, em 10,9% (21/192), cistos simples, em 4,16% (8/192), doença glomerulocística primária, em 4,6% (9/192), doença glomerulocística secundária (DGCS), em 8,3% (16/192), e doença renal policística e adenoma tubular, com 0,5% (1/192) de ocorrência cada. A incidência de DGCS apresentou diferença entre as espécies, sendo menos frequente em toninhas do que nos demais cetáceos. Um boto-cinza (Sotalia guianensis) morto em decorrência de captura incidental na baia de Paranaguá, Paraná, foi diagnosticado com toxoplasmose e devido à sua importância, fragmentos de todos seus órgãos, disponíveis no BTMM, foram avaliados. O presente estudo reflete a relevância em manter o BTMM, o qual consiste em uma fonte de informação ímpar, que possibilita a realização de estudos retroativos em tecidos de cetáceos e outras espécies de mamíferos aquáticos. O presente trabalho traz contribuições sobre as enfermidades em cetáceos, e aborda de maneira sistemática as lesões hepáticas e renais nestas espécies. Futuros estudos são necessários para elucidar aspectos sobre o impacto das lesões renais e hepáticas e sua relação com as condições mórbidas dos cetáceos, bem como para avaliar o impacto da toxoplasmose, nos cetáceos e outros mamíferos marinhos brasileiros.In mammals, the main organs for an adequate homeostase are the liver and the kidney. These organs in Cetaceans have especial importance because of the challenges of life in a marine environment. This study had as main objective find the principal hepatic and renal lesions in Cetaceans from Brazil. Samples from the Marine Mammal Tissue Bank (BTMM) of the Laboratory of Comparative Pathology of Wild Animals were used. Anatomopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies were performed. A total of 197 cetaceans belonging to 18 species were studied. They were found dead because of incidental capture or after attempts of rehabilitation for the stranded ones. Franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) was the principal specie sampled with a 65,9% (130/197) of the cases. Related to geographic distribution, samples were more frequent in São Paulo state (41,6%, 82/197), then Rio Grande do Sul (36,5%, 72/192) and Ceará (11,7%, 23/197). The hepatic lesions found include: hyaline cytoplasmatic inclusions (IHC) (46,3%, 88/190), lymphoplasmacytic chronic portal hepatitis (36,5%, 69/190), steatosis (14,2%, 27/190), necrotic hepatitis (4,7%, 9/190) and parasitic colangiohepatitis (2,6% , 5/190). The occurrences of IHC were more frequent in captured animals than stranded. The main kidney lesion found was the membranous glomerulonephritis (14,5%, 28/192). Additionally, there were observed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (10,4%, 20/192), intersticial nephritis (10,9%, 21/192), simple cysts 4,16% (8/192), glomerulocystic primary disease (4,6%, 9/192), glomerulocystic secondary disease (DGCS) (8,3% ,16/192) and polycystic kidney disease and tubular adenome (0,5%, 1/192). The incidence of DGCS differ among species, in Fransiscanas it was less frequent than in other cetaceans. A Guiana Dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) dead by incidental capture in the bay of Paranaguá, Paraná, was diagnosed with toxoplasmosis and because of its importance, fragments of all its organs available on BTMM, were evaluated. This study reflects the relevance to maintain the BTMM as an important primary source of information, enabling the realization of future reprospective studies in tissues of whales and other species of aquatic mammals. Furthermore, this study presents contributions on cetacean diseases and addresses in a systematic way lesions in the liver and kidney in these species. Future studies are necessary to elucidate aspects of the impact of renal and hepatic lesions and their relation to the morbid conditions of cetaceans, as well as to evaluate the impact of toxoplasmosis in cetaceans and other marine mammals in Brazil

Factores asociados a la mortalidad de recién nacidos con gastrosquisis en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen entre 2001 al 2010

El documento digital no refiere asesorIntroducción: La gastrosquisis es un defecto congénito de la pared abdominal cuya prevalencia ha aumentado notablemente en varios países y constituye una urgencia quirúrgica en neonatología. La sobrevida de estos pacientes ha aumentado con el advenimiento de las unidades de cuidados intensivos, las técnicas de cierre diferido y la nutrición parenteral total. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la mortalidad de los recién nacidos con gastrosquisis en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen. Pacientes y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, de observación, descriptivo y comparativo de pacientes con gastrosquisis en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen del 2001 al 2010. Se realizó un estudio comparativo entre neonatos con gastrosquisis tratados en dicho hospital y se les dividió en dos grupos: los que vivieron y los que fallecieron. Se estudiaron los factores que pudieron estar relacionados con la evolución final. Resultados: Se encontraron 25 neonatos con gastrosquisis, de los cuales 44% eran de sexo femenino y 56% de sexo masculino. En este análisis descriptivo se encontró un 24% para el grupo de los fallecidos y 76% para el grupo de los vivos. El 66,6% de los fallecidos eran de sexo masculino y el 33,3% femenino. Se realizó cierre primario en 68% y colocación de Silo en 32%. El género, la edad materna, el estado civil, el lugar de nacimiento, el lugar donde se realizaron los controles prenatales, la paridad, el diagnóstico prenatal, el consumo de alcohol u otras medicamentos, antecedente de infección urinaria, la edad gestacional, la atresia intestinal, el medio de transporte, la sepsis pre y post operatoria, la deshidratación y la hipotermia, el riesgo quirúrgico, la eliminación de meconio, el cierre primario, el distres respiratorio, el uso de NPT y NE, el tipo de germen aislado, la candidiasis, la segunda y tercera cirugía, son factores que no incrementan la mortalidad. El nivel socioeconómico bajo, la vía de parto vaginal, el parto fuera del Hospital Almenara, el peso menor a 2500 gramos y la colocación de Silo, fueron factores asociados a mayor mortalidad. Conclusión: La tasa de mortalidad es aun alta en nuestro medio. Los factores no quirúrgicos asociados a mayor mortalidad reflejan la necesidad de mejorar el control prenatal. El cierre primario de pared demostró mayores ventajas que el cierre diferido mediante la colocación de Silo.Trabajo académic