Procesos y estrategias de gerencia ambiental del plan básico de ordenamiento territorial Santa Rosa de Cabal. Risaralda.

El presente documento aborda, en su primer capítulo, las bases académicas del proyecto de grado y aspectos del ordenamiento territorial en Colombia desde los fundamentos teóricos y desde el marco legal. El segundo capítulo contiene el perfil de gestión ambiental del municipio Santa Rosa de Cabal que permitió identificar las potencialidades y limitantes locales. El tercer capítulo contiene la evaluación del plan básico de ordenamiento territorial relacionado con el documento técnico de soporte, los determinantes ambientales departamentales establecidos por la autoridad ambiental y las acciones planteadas en el plan. En el cuarto capítulo se identifican las debilidades y fortalezas gerenciales, financieras y tecnológicas del proceso de gerencia ambiental del plan básico de ordenamiento territorial y, finalmente, a partir de una matriz comparativa DOFA, se proponen opciones para el mejoramiento del proceso de gerencia ambiental del plan básico de ordenamiento territorial y para la gestión ambiental del desarrollo territorial.Present document tackles, in his first chapter, the academic foundations of the proposed degree and aspects of territorial ordering in Colombia since the theoretical and from the legal framework. The second chapter contains the profile of environmental management in the municipality of Santa Rosa de Cabal which allowed the identification of local potentials and limitations. The third chapter contains the evaluation of the basic plan of territorial ordering related with technical support document, the environmental determinants department established by the environmental authority and actions raised in the plan. In the fourth chapter identifies the strengths and weaknesses managerial, financials and technological in the process of the environmental management of the basic plan of territorial ordering and, finally, from a comparative TOWS matrix, the proposed options for improving the process of environmental management of the basic plan of territorial ordering and for environmental management of territorial development

Context and Development of the Coastal Marine Environmental Management In Colombia

En Colombia, con el fin de atender los retos frente la gestión marino costera y respondiendo a compromisos internacionales, se adoptó en el año 2000, la “Política Nacional Ambiental para el Desarrollo Sostenible de los Espacios Oceánicos y las Zonas Costeras e Insulares de Colombia – PNAOCI”, la cual tiene un enfoque ecosistémico y como marco conceptual, el manejo integrado de zonas costeras -MIZC (o manejo costero integrado – MCI / gestión costera integrada - GCI), buscando equilibrar la protección ambiental y el desarrollo económico, para contribuir al ordenamiento físico del territorio (Ordenamiento Territorial), desde el ordenamiento ambiental. Para esto, se definieron los criterios para orientar la definición de la zona costera en el país y se delimitaron unidades espaciales (Unidades Ambientales Costeras – UACs), como áreas geográficas continuas, que involucran espacio de tierra y mar, con ecosistemas claramente definidos, que requieren una visualización y manejo unificado que aglutine a las entidades territoriales locales y subregionales; además de consolidar a lo largo de 20 años, un soporte conceptual, político, normativo, técnico y operativo. En el contexto legal, a partir de la Ley 1450 de 2011, se propició la generación del respaldo normativo respecto a las UAC y los Planes de ordenación y manejo integrado de las unidades ambientales costeras (POMIUAC), como instrumento de planificación (Decreto 1120 de 2013, compilado en el Decreto 1076 de 2015); igualmente sobre la base de casos prácticos, se construyó un marco metodológico plasmado en una guía técnica para elaboración de los POMIUAC, adoptada mediante la Resolución 768 de 2017. Por otra parte, si bien los avances en el ordenamiento ambiental marino costero en Colombia están orientados bajo el MIZC, dadas las similitudes en términos de definición, ámbito espacial, alcance y metodología, que tienen con la planificación espacial marina (PEM), se puede decir que estos procesos desarrollados en Colombia bajo el esquema MIZC contribuyen al desarrollo del concepto de PEM en el país y en caso inverso, ejercicios prácticos de PEM que se aborden, podrían complementar los avances que en esta materia el país ha realizado bajo el marco de política y normativo que lo respalda.In Colombia, in order to meet the challenges of coastal marine management and responding to international commitments, it was adopted in 2000 the “National Environmental Policy for the Sustainable Development of Ocean Spaces and Coastal and Insular Zones of Colombia - PNAOCI ”, which has an ecosystem approach and as a conceptual framework, the integrated management of coastal zones -MIZC (or integrated coastal management - MCI / integrated coastal management - GCI), seeking to balance environmental protection and economic development, to contribute to the Physical ordering of the territory (Territorial Ordering), from the environmental ordering. For this, criteria were defined to guide the definition of the coastal zone in the country and spatial units (Coastal Environmental Units – UACs, acronym in Spanish) were delimited, as continuous geographical areas, involving land and sea space, with clearly defined ecosystems, which they require a unified visualization and management that brings together local and subregional territorial entities; in addition to consolidating over 20 years, a conceptual, political, regulatory, technical and operational support. In the legal context, as of Law 1450 of 2011, the generation of normative support regarding the UACs and the Plans for the management and integrated management of coastal environmental units (POMIUAC, acronym in Spanish) was promoted, as a planning instrument (Decree 1120 of 2013, compiled in Decree 1076 of 2015); Likewise, based on practical cases, a methodological framework was built embodied in a technical guide for the preparation of the POMIUAC, adopted by Resolution 768 of 2017. On the other hand, although the advances in the coastal marine environmental regulation in Colombia are oriented under the MIZC, given the similarities in terms of definition, spatial scope, scope and methodology, that they have with marine spatial planning (PEM), it can be said that these processes developed in Colombia under the MIZC scheme contribute to the development of the PEM concept In the country, and in the opposite case, practical EMP exercises that are addressed could complement the advances that the country has made in this area under the policy and regulatory framework that supports it

Risk factors for eating disorders in students of the University of Manizales

Determinar la frecuencia de los factores de riesgo para trastornos de la alimentación en estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales. Materiales y métodos: De 3,610 estudiantes regulares de la Universidad de Manizales se tomó una muestra de 165 estudiantes, quienes respondieron un cuestionario integrado compuesto por variables demográficas, las escalas de Zung para ansiedad o depresión, el Eating Disorderrs Inventory (EDI2) y el Apgar familiar; además se tomaron las medidas de peso, talla, Índice de masa corporal y pliegue en el antebrazo. Resultado: Un12.7% de la población presentó factor de riesgo positivo para trastornos de la conducta alimentaría, 17.3% de la población femenina y el 3.8% de la población masculina; las personas con mayor factor de riesgo fueron las mujeres en la facultad de Comunicación Social y Periodismo (24.1%). Se determinó una relación significativa entre la variable impulso por la delgadez con la ansiedad o depresión. El mayor Índice de masa corporal y de porcentaje de grasa está asociado con un aumento en la variable impulso por la delgadez. Conclusiones :Se encontraron factores de riesgo asociados con trastornos de la alimentación. La frecuencia del factor de riesgo según EDI2 en este estudio fue más baja que la encontrada en estudios realizados en Medellín y Bogotá.[Cano AA, Castaño JJ, Corredor DA, García AM, González M, Lloreda OL, et al. Factores de riesgo para trastornos de la alimentación en los alumnos de la Universidad de Manizales. MedUNAB 2007; 10:187-194]To determine the frequency of risk factors for eating disorders in students at the University of Manizales. Materials and methods: A sample of 165 students was taken from 3,610 regular students of the University of Manizales, who answered an integrated questionnaire made up of demographic variables, the Zung scales for anxiety or depression, the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI2) and the Apgar. familiar; in addition, measurements of weight, height, body mass index and fold in the forearm were taken. Result: 12.7% of the population presented a positive risk factor for eating disorders, 17.3% of the female population and 3.8% of the male population; the people with the highest risk factor were women in the Faculty of Social Communication and Journalism (24.1%). A significant relationship was determined between the variable drive for thinness with anxiety or depression. Higher body mass index and body fat percentage are associated with an increase in the drive for thinness variable. Conclusions: Risk factors associated with eating disorders were found. The frequency of the risk factor according to EDI2 in this study was lower than that found in studies carried out in Medellín and Bogotá.[Cano AA, Castaño JJ, Corredor DA, García AM, González M, Lloreda OL, et al. Risk factors for eating disorders in students of the University of Manizales. MedUNAB 2007; 10:187-194

Inducción a la formación profesional

Desarrolla a manera de módulos, la forma y la información que de se debe entregar a los aprendices al momento de que estos ingresen a la institución para conocer el contexto, deberes, derechos, entre otros, que los estarán rodeando en el ámbito académico.It develops as a module, the form and the information that must be given to the apprentices when they enter the institution to know the context, duties, rights, among others, that will be surrounding them in the academic field.Conocimiento e Integración Grupal -- Inducción al SENA -- Inducción a la Formación Profesional Integral -- Inducción al Centro, Programa o Proyecto -- Inducción al Programa de Formación Profesional -- Inducción a los Servicios al Alumnado -- Servicios al Alumnado: Biblioteca -- Servicios al Alumnado: Promoción y contratación de Aprendices -- Servicios al Alumnado: Trabajo Social -- Servicios al Alumnado: Capellanía -- Servicios al Alumnado: Registro y Certificación -- Servicios al Alumnado: Validación -- Servicios al Alumnado: Actividades Recreativas, Culturales y Deportivas.naPara sujetos de formación40 página

Latitude dictates plant diversity effects on instream decomposition

Running waters contribute substantially to global carbon fluxes through decomposition of terrestrial plant litter by aquatic microorganisms and detritivores. Diversity of this litter may influence instream decomposition globally in ways that are not yet understood. We investigated latitudinal differences in decomposition of litter mixtures of low and high functional diversity in 40 streams on 6 continents and spanning 113 degrees of latitude. Despite important variability in our dataset, we found latitudinal differences in the effect of litter functional diversity on decomposition, which we explained as evolutionary adaptations of litter-consuming detritivores to resource availability. Specifically, a balanced diet effect appears to operate at lower latitudes versus a resource concentration effect at higher latitudes. The latitudinal pattern indicates that loss of plant functional diversity will have different consequences on carbon fluxes across the globe, with greater repercussions likely at low latitudes

Innovación del Diseño para el Desarrollo Social

Una labor de síntesis alrededor de la gran temática de este libro que surge a partir de una serie de reflexiones y propuestas encaminadas desde la innovación del diseño para el desarrollo social, refleja una invitación al lector para enunciar a partir de su lectura nuevas discusiones sobre el quehacer del diseño con una perspectiva de innovación para este tipo de desarrollo, es pues este texto una invitación a enunciar nuevos retos y diálogos partiendo de reconocer al desarrollo social como uno de los pilares fundamentales desde la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) como parte fundamental para garantizar el mejoramiento de la vida de las personas. Desde la disciplina del diseño y retomado como eje para su discusión se pretendería establecer una serie de reflexiones y acciones que permitan atender situaciones para grupos minoritarios y vulnerables, así como apoyar esfuerzos encaminados a mejorar la calidad de vida de los integrantes de grupos y sociedades establecidas y recuperar el patrimonio cultural como parte fundamental de las identidades culturales y por tanto de la historia de la humanidad.A lo largo de la historia, el diseño, en cualquiera de sus manifestaciones, ha estado presente en todos los ámbitos. Se ha convertido en una disciplina que evoluciona al ritmo de las sociedades, que se pone al servicio de las necesidades de mercado pero también de las que requieren un abordaje distinto, observadas desde una mirada que concierne a lo social, entendido éste como lo que se reproduce o se instaura en el colectivo, en el grupo, en las comunidades, en las sociedades como parte significativa de sus cotidianeidades. El Diseño desde esta perspectiva acompaña al ser humano produciendo una significación de los objetos como parte fundamental de sus vidas, que transforma una realidad deseada en una realidad concreta, de aquí la importancia de crear una conciencia social para la praxis laboral de esta disciplina. En este sentido el campo profesional, académico y de investigación del diseño debe ocuparse de crear, difundir y divulgar el quehacer de la misma, manifestando un equilibrio entre conciencia, racionalidad y la realidad. Desde el contexto planteado, la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, a través de su Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño presenta en esta obra una serie de reflexiones en torno al papel que desempeña el diseño humanístico, científico y tecnológico desde un enfoque de vanguardia e innovación para el desarrollo social, como resultado de la experiencia vertida en el Coloquio Internacional de Diseño que organiza éste año este espacio académico, en donde cada una de las aportaciones refleja la experiencia de cada uno de sus participantes; con base en ello, el presente libro integrado por una compilación de trabajos ofrece descripciones, análisis y propuestas que contribuyen a la solución de problemas procurando un desarrollo social

Evaluation of factors leading to poor outcomes for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Mexico: a multi-institutional report of 2,116 patients

Background and aimsPediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survival rates in low- and middle-income countries are lower due to deficiencies in multilevel factors, including access to timely diagnosis, risk-stratified therapy, and comprehensive supportive care. This retrospective study aimed to analyze outcomes for pediatric ALL at 16 centers in Mexico.MethodsPatients <18 years of age with newly diagnosed B- and T-cell ALL treated between January 2011 and December 2019 were included. Clinical and biological characteristics and their association with outcomes were examined.ResultsOverall, 2,116 patients with a median age of 6.3 years were included. B-cell immunophenotype was identified in 1,889 (89.3%) patients. The median white blood cells at diagnosis were 11.2.5 × 103/mm3. CNS-1 status was reported in 1,810 (85.5%), CNS-2 in 67 (3.2%), and CNS-3 in 61 (2.9%). A total of 1,488 patients (70.4%) were classified as high-risk at diagnosis. However, in 52.5% (991/1,889) of patients with B-cell ALL, the reported risk group did not match the calculated risk group allocation based on National Cancer Institute (NCI) criteria. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR tests were performed for 407 (19.2%) and 736 (34.8%) patients, respectively. Minimal residual disease (MRD) during induction was performed in 1,158 patients (54.7%). The median follow-up was 3.7 years. During induction, 191 patients died (9.1%), and 45 patients (2.1%) experienced induction failure. A total of 365 deaths (17.3%) occurred, including 174 deaths after remission. Six percent (176) of patients abandoned treatment. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 58.9% ± 1.7% for B-cell ALL and 47.4% ± 5.9% for T-cell ALL, while the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 67.5% ± 1.6% for B-cell ALL and 54.3% ± 0.6% for T-cell ALL. The 5-year cumulative incidence of central nervous system (CNS) relapse was 5.5% ± 0.6%. For the whole cohort, significantly higher outcomes were seen for patients aged 1–10 years, with DNA index >0.9, with hyperdiploid ALL, and without substantial treatment modifications. In multivariable analyses, age and Day 15 MRD continued to have a significant effect on EFS.ConclusionOutcomes in this multi-institutional cohort describe poor outcomes, influenced by incomplete and inconsistent risk stratification, early toxic death, high on-treatment mortality, and high CNS relapse rate. Adopting comprehensive risk-stratification strategies, evidence-informed de-intensification for favorable-risk patients and optimized supportive care could improve outcomes

Annual Conference on Formative Research on EFL. Practices thar inspire change.

The conference papers of the Annual Conference on Formative Research on EFL. Practices thar inspire change collect pedagogical experiences, research reports, and reflections about social issues, language teaching, teaching training, interculturality under the panorama of the Covid-19 pandemic. Each paper invites the reader to implement changes in their teaching practice through disruptive pedagogies, reflect on the social and emotional consequences of the lockdown, new paths for teacher training and different approaches for teaching interculturality. We expect to inspire new ways to train pre-service teachers and teach languages in this changing times

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection