Un SIG corporativo en el IGN para la gestión integrada, publicación y análisis de datos geográficos

El Instituto Geográfico Nacional inició en el año 2003 los estudios previos necesarios para un proyecto ambicioso y a la vez esencial para el cumplimiento de sus responsabilidades básicas, la implantación de un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) corporativo que atendiera a tres finalidades fundamentales: a) la gestión integrada de los datos geográficos y cartográficos que produce, en forma de Bases Cartográficas Numéricas (BCN) y en forma de mapas, respectivamente, incluyendo su actualización coordinada; b) la publicación de tales datos en papel, en soporte digital y de manera electrónica (Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales (IDE)); c) el análisis y consulta desde clientes ligeros y pesados para todo tipo de aplicaciones. Por lo tanto, el sistema constituye a la vez el soporte básico para la publicación de cartografía y para la consulta de los datos geográficos desde clientes a través de la Web,mediante el desarrollo de servicios de análisis

Las IDE como evolución natural de los SIG

La IDEE es un proyecto cooperativo, de autoría colectiva, en el que colaboran organismos e instituciones de los tres ámbitos de la Administración (general, regional y local), del entorno universitario y del sector privado. Esta impresionante oferta de información geográfica, junto con las funcionalidades que aportan las tecnologías de Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales (IDE), permite vislumbrar un abanico de líneas de trabajo, todavía inexploradas, de gran interés para todos los especialistas, técnicos e investigadores que manejan o precisan de cartografía en su quehacer cotidiano, que veremos en el presente artículo

Active wetting of epithelial tissues

Development, regeneration and cancer involve drastic transitions in tissue morphology. In analogy with the behavior of inert fluids, some of these transitions have been interpreted as wetting transitions. The validity and scope of this analogy are unclear, however, because the active cellular forces that drive tissue wetting have been neither measured nor theoretically accounted for. Here we show that the transition between 2D epithelial monolayers and 3D spheroidal aggregates can be understood as an active wetting transition whose physics differs fundamentally from that of passive wetting phenomena. By combining an active polar fluid model with measurements of physical forces as a function of tissue size, contractility, cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion, and substrate stiffness, we show that the wetting transition results from the competition between traction forces and contractile intercellular stresses. This competition defines a new intrinsic lengthscale that gives rise to a critical size for the wetting transition in tissues, a striking feature that has no counterpart in classical wetting. Finally, we show that active shape fluctuations are dynamically amplified during tissue dewetting. Overall, we conclude that tissue spreading constitutes a prominent example of active wetting --- a novel physical scenario that may explain morphological transitions during tissue morphogenesis and tumor progression

Aharonov-Bohm interferences from local deformations in graphene

One of the most interesting aspects of graphene is the tied relation between structural and electronic properties. The observation of ripples in the graphene samples both free standing and on a substrate has given rise to a very active investigation around the membrane-like properties of graphene and the origin of the ripples remains as one of the most interesting open problems in the system. The interplay of structural and electronic properties is successfully described by the modelling of curvature and elastic deformations by fictitious gauge fields that have become an ex- perimental reality after the suggestion that Landau levels can form associated to strain in graphene and the subsequent experimental confirmation. Here we propose a device to detect microstresses in graphene based on a scanning-tunneling-microscopy setup able to measure Aharonov-Bohm inter- ferences at the nanometer scale. The interferences to be observed in the local density of states are created by the fictitious magnetic field associated to elastic deformations of the sample.Comment: Some bugs fixe

Evaluación de las habilidades motrices básicas en el proceso de iniciación deportiva

Assessment of basic motor skills in the sports initiation process is necessary to determine the state of motor developmentt, planning training sessionst and improving skills that need to be strengthened. The objective of this research was to evaluate the motor development of children who are part of a sports initiation school at Medellín city. A descriptive quantitative research method was used, because independent variables were not manipulated and was intended a motor evaluation. The information collection instrument used was the battery of basic motor skills for Colombian children between 5 and 11 years old. The results established that the basic motor skills of locomotion and manipulation are in an intermediate phase of development and stabilization ability in a low and intermediate low state. This study allows us to conclude that it is necessary for the sports initiation processes to attend to and stimulate basic motor skills, because these are fundamental components for the processes and sports performance of children. It is also, expected that sports clubs take motor evaluations into account to guide their training processes.La evaluación de las habilidades motrices básicas en el proceso de iniciación deportiva es necesaria para determinar el estado de desarrollo motriz, la planeación de las sesiones de entrenamiento y la mejora de las habilidades que requieren ser fortalecidas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el desarrollo motriz de los niños que hacen parte de una escuela de iniciación deportiva de la ciudad de Medellín. Se empleó un método de investigación cuantitativo descriptivo, ya que no se manipularon variables independientes y la pretensión fue la evaluación motriz. El instrumento de recolección de información utilizado fue la batería de habilidades motrices básicas para niños colombianos entre 5 a 11 años. Los resultados establecieron que las habilidades motrices básicas de locomoción y manipulación se encuentran en una fase intermedia de desarrollo y la habilidad de estabilización en un estado bajo e intermedio bajo. El estudio permite concluir que es necesario que los procesos de iniciación deportiva atiendan y estimulen las habilidades motrices básicas, ya que estas son componentes fundamentales para los procesos y desempeño deportivo de los niños. Se espera además, que los clubes deportivos tengan en cuenta las evaluaciones motrices para orientar sus procesos de formació

Bone and Cytokine Markers Associated With Bone Disease in Systemic Mastocytosis

Background Mastocytosis encompasses a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by tissue accumulation of clonal mast cells, which frequently includes bone involvement. Several cytokines have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of bone mass loss in systemic mastocytosis (SM), but their role in SM-associated osteosclerosis remains unknown. Objective To investigate the potential association between cytokine and bone remodeling markers with bone disease in SM, aiming at identifying biomarker profiles associated with bone loss and/or osteosclerosis. Methods A total of 120 adult patients with SM, divided into 3 age and sex-matched groups according to their bone status were studied: (1) healthy bone (n = 46), (2) significant bone loss (n = 47), and (3) diffuse bone sclerosis (n = 27). Plasma levels of cytokines and serum baseline tryptase and bone turnover marker levels were measured at diagnosis. Results Bone loss was associated with significantly higher levels of serum baseline tryptase (P = .01), IFN-γ (P = .05), IL-1β (P = .05), and IL-6 (P = .05) versus those found in patients with healthy bone. In contrast, patients with diffuse bone sclerosis showed significantly higher levels of serum baseline tryptase (P < .001), C-terminal telopeptide (P < .001), amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P < .001), osteocalcin (P < .001), bone alkaline phosphatase (P < .001), osteopontin (P < .01), and the C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5/RANTES chemokine (P = .01), together with lower IFN-γ (P = .03) and RANK-ligand (P = .04) plasma levels versus healthy bone cases. Conclusions SM with bone mass loss is associated with a proinflammatory cytokine profile in plasma, whereas diffuse bone sclerosis shows increased serum/plasma levels of biomarkers related to bone formation and turnover, in association with an immunosuppressive cytokine secretion profile.This study was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Spain) (PI19/01166, CIBERONC: CB16/12/00400) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (EQC2019-005419-P), within the Subprograma Estatal de Infraestructuras de Investigación y Equipamiento Científico Técnico de 2019 del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Fundación Española de Mastocitosis (FEM, Madrid, Spain ref.: FEM2019-MAGPIX and FEM2021-SAM); Asociación Española de Mastocitosis y Enfermedades Relacionadas (AEDM-CTMC-2019). We also thank the Biobank at the Hospital Virgen de la Salud (BioB-HVS) No. B.0000520, Toledo, Spain. TAR was supported by the 2019 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Fellowship award. We thank our patients for their willingness to participate in this study

Alternatives to immediate release tacrolimus in solid organ transplant recipients: When the gold standard is in short supply

Given the current climate of drug shortages in the United States, this review summarizes available comparative literature on the use of alternative immunosuppressive agents in adult solid organ transplant recipients including kidney, pancreas, liver, lung, and heart, when immediate‐release tacrolimus (IR‐TAC) is not available. Alternative options explored include extended‐release tacrolimus (ER‐TAC) formulations, cyclosporine, belatacept, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, and novel uses of induction therapy for maintenance immunosuppression. Of available alternatives, only ER‐TAC formulations are of non‐inferior efficacy compared to IR‐TAC when used de novo or after conversion in stable kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). All other alternatives were associated with higher rates of biopsy‐proven rejection, but improved tolerance from classic adverse effects of IR‐TAC including nephrotoxicity and development of diabetes. While most alternative therapies are approved in KTRs, access via third‐party payors is an obstacle in non‐KTRs. In the setting of IR‐TAC shortage, alternate therapeutic options may be plausible depending on the organ population and individual patient situation to ensure appropriate, effective immunosuppression for each patient.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156148/2/ctr13903.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156148/1/ctr13903_am.pd

A new method to quantify and compare the multiple components of fitness-A study case with kelp niche partition by divergent microstage adaptations to Temperature

Point 1 Management of crops, commercialized or protected species, plagues or life-cycle evolution are subjects requiring comparisons among different demographic strategies. The simpler methods fail in relating changes in vital rates with changes in population viability whereas more complex methods lack accuracy by neglecting interactions among vital rates. Point 2 The difference between the fitness (evaluated by the population growth rate.) of two alternative demographies is decomposed into the contributions of the differences between the pair-wised vital rates and their interactions. This is achieved through a full Taylor expansion (i.e. remainder = 0) of the demographic model. The significance of each term is determined by permutation tests under the null hypothesis that all demographies come from the same pool. Point 3 An example is given with periodic demographic matrices of the microscopic haploid phase of two kelp cryptic species observed to partition their niche occupation along the Chilean coast. The method provided clear and synthetic results showing conditional differentiation of reproduction is an important driver for their differences in fitness along the latitudinal temperature gradient. But it also demonstrated that interactions among vital rates cannot be neglected as they compose a significant part of the differences between demographies. Point 4 This method allows researchers to access the effects of multiple effective changes in a life-cycle from only two experiments. Evolutionists can determine with confidence the effective causes for changes in fitness whereas population managers can determine best strategies from simpler experimental designs.CONICYT-FRENCH EMBASSADY Ph.D. gran

Technology Contribution to Improve Autistic Children Life Quality

To review published literature on the use of technology and how it has improved autistic children life style. A systematic review of the English literature was performed using the PRISMA guideline. Papers indexed in WOS and Scopus databases were included, adjusted to a timeline between 2016 and 2020 and focused on mobile technology, interventions, improvement of social behavior and communication and autism, aimed to describe the most used mechanism to improve autistic life style. Thirty two (32) papers were included in the review. We obtained 14 papers on the Scopus database and 18 on the WOS database. The majority of studies evidenced the use of virtual reality, mobile devices, video modelling and robots as the most common applications for autism therapies. Technology has caused an improvement in autistic children life quality. The development of mobile applications, virtual reality applications and robots have showed a positive impact reflected in the performance of daily activities and a better understanding of how they feel, how to behave, how to express themselves and interact with others. Technology gives the opportunity to monitor children status; and offers adaptability, safety, and accuracy of the information

Clinical Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexican Patients with Thoracic Malignancies

BACKGROUND: Accumulated evidence indicates that patients with lung cancer are a vulnerable population throughout the pandemic. Limited information is available in Latin America regarding the impact of the pandemic on medical care. The goal of this study was to describe the clinical and social effect of COVID-19 on patients with thoracic cancer and to ascertain outcomes in those with a confirmed diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cohort study included patients with thoracic neoplasms within a single institution between March 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021. All variables of interest were extracted from electronic medical records. During this period, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-2) was applied to evaluate and identify more common psychological disorders. RESULTS: The mean age for the total cohort (n = 548) was 61.5 ± 12.9 years; non-small cell lung cancer was the most frequent neoplasm (86.9%), advanced stages predominated (80%), and most patients were under active therapy (82.8%). Any change in treatment was reported in 23.9% of patients, of which 78.6% were due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Treatment delays (≥7 days) were the most frequent modifications in 41.9% of cases, followed by treatment suspension at 37.4%. Patients without treatment changes had a more prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.21, p < .001 and HR 0.28, p < .001, respectively). The mean DASS-21 score was 10.45 in 144 evaluated patients, with women being more affected than men (11.41 vs. 9.08, p < .001). Anxiety was reported in 30.5% of cases, followed by depression and distress in equal proportions (18%). Depressed and stressed patients had higher odds of experiencing delays in treatment than patients without depression (odds ratio [OR] 4.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.53–13.23, p = .006 and OR 3.18, 95% CI 1.2–10.06, p = .006, respectively). CONCLUSION: Treatment adjustments in patients with thoracic malignancies often occurred to avoid COVID-19 contagion with detrimental effects on survival. Psychological disorders could have a role in adherence to the original treatment regimen