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Licenciatura em Matemática e aspectos históricos de construção, legitimação e processos formativos da e para a docência: Revisão Integrativa de Literatura

Este texto consiste em apresentar a sistematização de produções científicas que enfatizam o curso de Licenciatura em Matemática como espaço de construção e legitimação de processos formativos da e para a docência, aludindo a suas características, peculiaridades e relações com a formação de professores para o ensino de Matemática. O desenvolvimento do estudo tomou como ponto de partida a pesquisa do tipo exploratório-descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa com inicial revisão de literatura sobre o curso de Licenciatura em Matemática no contexto educacional brasileiro. Para a construção de dados, foi realizada revisão de literatura em pesquisas publicadas no Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), que tratam sobre Formação Inicial no Ensino de Matemática, com o recorte temporal compreendido entre os anos de 2012 a 2022. Os resultados apontam para múltiplas discussões teóricas sobre processos formativos de formação inicial para o Ensino de Matemática, que foram organizadas em três eixos de análise, a saber: Licenciatura em Matemática: percursos, práticas e desafios; Formação Inicial docente: pressupostos para o desenvolvimento profissional do professor e História da Educação Matemática: elementos e interfaces formativas. As pesquisas apontam abordagens epistemológicas relacionadas à História da Educação Matemática, à Licenciatura em Matemática e à Formação Inicial em Matemática, a partir de diferentes perspectivas sobre os processos de ensino e aprendizagem em sala de aula para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem matemática. Além disso, os estudos refletem e discutem aspectos relacionados à docência, os quais caminham diretamente para o diálogo sobre a formação de professores que deve acontecer a partir da articulação teoria e prática

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Prospects for improving gravity-fed surface irrigation systems in Mediterranean European contexts

Traditionally, most irrigation practices in Southern Europe have been based on gravity-fed surface irrigation systems. Currently, these systems remain a relevant typology in the European Union (EU) member states of the Mediterranean areas, where it is often the only sustainable method for farmers due to the small size of agricultural holdings, their reduced capacity and readiness to invest and the low ratio between yield profits and irrigation costs. In the last several years, in response to European and national directives, surface irrigation has garnered increasing attention at the political and bureaucratic levels due to frequent criticisms of its postulated low efficiency and high water wastage. However, these systems commonly provide a number of ecosystem services and nature-based solutions that increase the positive externalities in different rural socio-ecological contexts and often have the potential to extend these services and provide solutions that are compatible with economical sustainability. This study aims to discuss the prospects for new practices and for the rehabilitation and modernization of the gravity-fed surface irrigation systems in EU Mediterranean areas to enhance water efficiency, thus gaining both economic advantages and environmental benefits. The difficulties, stimuli for improvements and peculiarities of the irrigation water management of four rural environments located in Italy, Spain and Portugal were analyzed and compared to the current state of the gravity-fed surface irrigation systems with hypothetical future improvements achievable by innovative technologies and practices. In these different case studies, the current gravity-fed surface irrigation systems have an obsolete regulatory structure; water-use efficiency is not a driving criterion for the management of the conveyance and distribution canal network, and farmers are not yet adequately encouraged to adopt more efficient gravity-fed irrigation practices. A continuous knowledge exchange is thus necessary for the interaction of all irrigation water managers and farmers to improve their eco-efficiency and to preserve and promote their cultural heritage across the entire water supply and delivery chains. We argue that the best way forward will require precisely targeted rehabilitation measures of gravity-fed surface irrigation systems based on the integrated use of decision support services, gate automation, remote and feedback controls and real-time flow optimization

Association Between Clinical Variables Related To Asthma In Schoolchildren Born With Very Low Birth Weight With And Without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Avaliar prevalência, espirometria e fatores de risco para asma em escolares que foram recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso com e sem displasia broncopulmonar. Estudo observacional e transversal. Aplicou-se aos pais e/ou responsáveis o questionário International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Foi feito teste cutâneo de hipersensibilidade imediata e espirometria nos escolares. Avaliados 54 escolares que foram recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso e 43 preencheram critérios para espirometria. A idade na avaliação (displasia broncopulmonar=9,5±0,85; sem displasia broncopulmonar=10,1±0,86 anos) e o peso de nascimento (displasia broncopulmonar=916,7±251,2; sem displasia broncopulmonar=1.171,3±190,5 g) foram menores no grupo com displasia broncopulmonar (p<0,05). A prevalência de asma entre os recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso foi de 17/54 (31,5%); no grupo com displasia broncopulmonar, de 6/18 (33,3%). Houve associação entre uso de cobertor de lã no primeiro ano de vida (p=0,026) com presença de asma na idade escolar. O teste cutâneo de hipersensibilidade imediata foi positivo em 13/17 (76,5%) e 23/37 (62,2%) nos grupos com e sem asma, respectivamente. Os escolares com asma apresentaram menores valores em z-score do fluxo expiratório forçado entre 25% e 75% da capacidade vital forçada (n=16; ?1,04±1,19) comparados com os do grupo de pacientes sem asma (n=27; ?0,38±0,93) (p=0,049). Não houve diferença entre as variáveis da espirometria no grupo com relação à presença ou não de displasia broncopulmonar. Os recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso, com e sem displasia broncopulmonar, apresentaram prevalência elevada de asma (33,3% e 30,6%, respectivamente). Os fluxos pulmonares das pequenas vias aéreas foram menores nos escolares com asma34327128

Vitamin D3 Supplementation: An Option Associated with The Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic complex neurodegenerative disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on observational studies and analytics on impact of Vitamin D supplementation in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. In our research, a total of 457 articles were selected and identified for analysis. This systematic review article and meta-analysis, which included evidence from randomized controlled trials conducted with patients with multiple sclerosis, revealed that Vitamin D3 supplementation is effective as an option associated with the treatment of this disease, and that it also has a diffuse protective role against various remission outbreaks in the health. Doses (50,000 IU/week) are appropriate to restore neuroimmunological parameters when used within 12 weeks

Clinicopathologic data of individuals with oral lichen planus : a Brazilian case series

The aim of the present series was to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics, clinicopathologic features, and oral health-related quality of life of 41 individuals with oral lichen planus (OLP). In a retrospective analysis (1998-2018), individuals with a clinical diagnosis of OLP from a referral service of Oral Medicine of Brazil were invited for follow-up. The individuals were assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) form. Histopathological data were reviewed according to the latest criteria proposed by the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (AAOMP/2016). This series mainly consisted of females (70.7%) in their forties (31.7%). The buccal mucosa (68.2%) was the most commonly affected site. Reticular (56.1%) and erosive (34.3%) appearances were the most frequent. According to OHIP-14, individuals with OLP at multiple sites in the oral cavity showed worse values in the handicap domain and those who did not respond to corticosteroids showed a higher score on the psychological discomfort domain. The findings of the present study, using the AAOMP/2016 criteria, agree with case series and retrospective studies reported in the literature. Besides, OLP in its more severe clinical forms had an influence on patient quality of life

Influência do óxido nítrico na germinação de sementes de Plathymenia reticulata Benth com baixo vigor

The objective of this study was to investigate the nitric oxide (NO) action on the promotion of seeds germination with low vigor of Plathymenia reticulata. Accelerated aging on seeds were made per 24, 48 and 72 hours at 40°C as well as pre soaking in potassium nitrate (KNO3) and sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) solutions. The concentrations from zero (control), 0,01, 0,10, 1,0 and 10,0mMol.l-1 per six, 12, 18, and 24 hours were used. The accelerated aging period were followed by pre soaking in KNO3 and SNP. The electric conductivity and the activities of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were quantified. The best results of germination occurred with the pre soaked seeds in KNO3 and SNP during 24 hours and in 0,10mMol.l-1. The KNO3 and the SNP increased the germination of the aged seeds of P. reticulate. The accelerated aging increased the membrane permeability, which was reduced with the KNO3 and SNP treatments. The activity of SOD was greater in seeds treated with KNO 3 and SNP. The CAT activity did not show significant differences among the treatments, even when the seeds were soaked in KNO3 and SNP. It can be concluded that the nitric oxide increased the quality of the aged seeds by maintaining the membrane integrity and stimulus of the superoxide dismutase activity

The Use of Vitamin D in The Infectious Process in The Hospital Period in Childhood Effective?

Goals: To verify whether the use of Vitamin D as parallel therapy to hospital and drug treatment can be effective in the process of infectious reduction in hospitalized children. Data source: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, published between 2011 and the first quarter of 2019, in the Cochrane Library, Medline, US National Library of Medicine and the National Institute of Health (PubMed), Literature databases. Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (Lilacs), Scopus and Web of Science. The studies were scored by the Down and Black scale associated with the quality assessment method according to the Cochrane criteria (RCT). Summary of the data: Of the 1475 studies, 09 were included. There is a direct relationship between Vitamin D level and mortality rate in hospitalized children with infections. Conclusion: This study highlighted that the vitamin D deficiency in children under serum analysis during hospitalization triggers severe immunological changes