Gestión directiva y motivación docente en una institución educativa estatal de San Juan de Lurigancho, 2022

El actual trabajo de indagación ha asumido como objetivo general Determinar la relación entre la gestión directiva y motivación docente de una Institución Educativa estatal de San Juan de Lurigancho, 2022. Esta indagación ha podido desempeñar su propósito por lo que se empleó una serie de métodos. La investigación fue de tipo aplicada, enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental. La población quedó registrada por 50 educadores de un centro educativo de San Juan de Lurigancho. Por lo que, de ella, se extrajo una muestra de tipo censal. Se ha manejado la técnica de la encuesta, siendo el instrumento dos cuestionarios validados por juicio de expertos. Así mismo el grado de confiabilidad de los instrumentos fueron medidos a través de la prueba alfa de Cronbach. Los efectos de los resultados permitieron determinar que existe relación significativa entre la gestión directiva y la motivación docente. Además, el índice de correlación Rho = ,541 indicando una correlación positiva de nivel alto considerable entre las variables. Siendo el p-valor ,000. Posteriormente se determinó la relación entre la gestión directiva con la motivación intrínseca, extrínseca y trascendental indicando que existe relación entre ella

Excreción prolongada de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga en niños que concurren a jardines maternales de Argentina

En el presente trabajo se describe la detección y el tiempo de excreción de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC) O157 y no-O157 en casos sintomáticos y asintomáticos durante cuatro eventos ocurridos en jardines maternales de Argentina. En cada evento se identificaron los casos entre los niños, sus familiares y el personal del jardín. Los aislamientos fueron caracterizados por técnicas feno-genotípicas y de subtipificación. La excreción de STEC fue, en general, prolongada e intermitente. Cepas STEC O157:H7 (1er evento); O26:H11 (2do evento); O26:H11 (3er evento) y O145:NM (4to evento) fueron excretadas durante 23-30, 37, 31 y 19 días, respectivamente. Dadas las características de la excreción, no debe permitirse el reingreso a la institución de todo niño o adulto con infección por STEC, sintomático o asintomático, hasta no tener dos coprocultivos negativos sucesivos, con intervalos de 48 horas entre ellos.In this report we describe the detection and duration of fecal shedding of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 and non-O157 in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases during four events occurred among children in day-care centers in Argentina. In each event, the cases were identified among children, family contacts and staff members of the Institution. The isolates were characterized by pheno-genotyping and subtyping methods. The STEC fecal shedding was prolonged and intermittent. Strains O157:H7 (1st event); O26:H11 (2nd event); O26:H11 (3rd event) and O145:NM (4th event) were shed during 23-30, 37, 31 and 19 days, respectively. Considering the possibility of STEC intermittent long-term shedding, symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals should be excluded from the Institution until two consecutive stool cultures obtained at least 48 h apart, test negative.Instituto de Genética Veterinari

Excreción prolongada de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga en niños que concurren a jardines maternales de Argentina

En el presente trabajo se describe la detección y el tiempo de excreción de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC) O157 y no-O157 en casos sintomáticos y asintomáticos durante cuatro eventos ocurridos en jardines maternales de Argentina. En cada evento se identificaron los casos entre los niños, sus familiares y el personal del jardín. Los aislamientos fueron caracterizados por técnicas feno-genotípicas y de subtipificación. La excreción de STEC fue, en general, prolongada e intermitente. Cepas STEC O157:H7 (1er evento); O26:H11 (2do evento); O26:H11 (3er evento) y O145:NM (4to evento) fueron excretadas durante 23-30, 37, 31 y 19 días, respectivamente. Dadas las características de la excreción, no debe permitirse el reingreso a la institución de todo niño o adulto con infección por STEC, sintomático o asintomático, hasta no tener dos coprocultivos negativos sucesivos, con intervalos de 48 horas entre ellos.In this report we describe the detection and duration of fecal shedding of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 and non-O157 in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases during four events occurred among children in day-care centers in Argentina. In each event, the cases were identified among children, family contacts and staff members of the Institution. The isolates were characterized by pheno-genotyping and subtyping methods. The STEC fecal shedding was prolonged and intermittent. Strains O157:H7 (1st event); O26:H11 (2nd event); O26:H11 (3rd event) and O145:NM (4th event) were shed during 23-30, 37, 31 and 19 days, respectively. Considering the possibility of STEC intermittent long-term shedding, symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals should be excluded from the Institution until two consecutive stool cultures obtained at least 48 h apart, test negative.Instituto de Genética Veterinari

Evaluation of uterine health by endometrial cytology and ultrasonography in the postpartum and its relationship with conception in alpacas

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la salud uterina de alpacas por citología endometrial (CE) mediante las técnicas de citocepillo y lavado uterino, así como evaluar las características uterinas por ultrasonografía (US) y relacionarlas con la tasa de preñez. Se utilizaron 20 alpacas multíparas y 20 primíparas, de la raza Suri, de 29±5 días de posparto. Se determinó el porcentaje de polimorfonucleares (PMN) con relación al número total de células presentes en las muestras de CE. Con la ultrasonografía se determinó la ecotextura uterina, presencia de contenido uterino y el diámetro de los cuernos uterinos. Posterior a la evaluación uterina se realizó el empadre controlado y 35 días después el diagnóstico de preñez por US. Se observó un mayor porcentaje de PMN (p<0.05) en las muestras de citología endometrial obtenidas con la técnica del citocepillo en comparación al lavado uterino. Los cuernos uterinos tuvieron una ecotextura heterogénea y sin presencia de contenido. El diámetro del cuerno uterino izquierdo fue mayor que el del cuerno uterino derecho (p<0.05). No hubo relación del porcentaje de PMN con diámetro de cuerno uterino ni con preñez. Según los resultados obtenidos, la CE no permitiría valorar adecuadamente la salud uterina, pues habría otros factores involucrados en una mayor respuesta quimiotáctica de los PMN que promueven su migración hacia útero. La ultrasonografía permitió una valoración objetiva de los cuernos uterinos y de la salud uterina, y permitió realizar el diagnóstico temprano de preñez.The aim of this study was to evaluate the uterine health of alpacas by endometrial cytology (EC) using the cytobrush and uterine lavage techniques, to evaluate the uterine characteristics by ultrasound (US) and to relate them to the pregnancy rate. Multiparous (n=20) and primiparous (20) Suri alpacas of 29 ± 5 days postpartum were used. The percentage of polymorphonuclear (PMN) was determined in relation to the total number of cells present in the EC samples. The uterine ecotexture, presence of uterine content and the diameter of the uterine horns were determined by ultrasonography. Subsequent to the uterine evaluation, controlled breeding was performed, and pregnancy diagnosis was done 35 days later by US. A higher percentage of PMN (p<0.05) was observed in endometrial cytology samples obtained with the cytobrush technique compared to uterine lavage. The uterine horns had a heterogeneous ecotexture and no presence of content. The diameter of the left uterine horn was greater than that of the right uterine horn (p<0.05). There was no relationship between percentage of PMN and uterine horn diameter or pregnancy. Based on the results obtained, the EC would not allow an adequate assessment of uterine health, as there would be other factors involved in a greater chemotactic response of the PMN that promote their migration to the uterus. Ultrasonography allowed an objective assessment of uterine horns and uterine health and allowed early diagnosis of pregnancy

El impacto de las exportaciones de cobre y sus concentrados del Perú hacia la república popular de china: Un análisis de la relación comercial bilateral durante los años 2005 y 2018

China's trade policy for Latin America represents one of the largest strategic plans to strengthen trade, economic and financial ties with the countries of this region. Different Latin American countries are positively observing the possibility of integrating commercially and economically with China through bilateral relations that include the signing of free trade agreements. This paper, of quantitative methodology with a longitudinal non-experimental approach, analyzes the impact that the signing of the Free Trade Agreement between Peru and China had on the exports of copper minerals and their concentrates, whose tariff heading is the most exported from Peru to China in the 2010s. Further. The results show that exports of copper minerals and their concentrates from Peru to China increased significantly after the signing of such an agreement, generating a positive impact on the economic development of Peru and on its trade expansion. These benefits are advantageous for the bilateral relationship, but above all for the economic improvement of Peru.La política comercial china para América Latina representa uno de los planes estratégicos de mayor envergadura para fortalecer los lazos comerciales, económicos y financieros con los países de esta región. Distintos países latinoamericanos están observando con positivismo la posibilidad de integrarse comercial y económicamente a China a través de relaciones bilaterales que incluyan la firma de los tratados de libre comercio. Esta investigación de metodología cuantitativa con un enfoque no experimental longitudinal, analiza el impacto que tuvo la subscripción del Tratado de Libre Comercio entre el Perú y China en las exportaciones de minerales de cobre y sus concentrados, cuya partida arancelaria es la que más se exporta desde el Perú a China en la década de 2010.Los resultados de esta investigación demuestran que las exportaciones de minerales de cobre y sus concentrados del Perú a China aumentaron significativamente luego de la firma de dicho tratado, generado un impacto positivo en el desarrollo económico del Perú y expansión comercial. Estos beneficios resultan ventajosos para la relación bilateral entre estos dos países, pero sobre todo para la mejora económica del Perú

C9orf72 poly GA RAN-translated protein plays a key role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis via aggregation and toxicity

An intronic GGGGCC (G4C2) hexanucleotide repeat expansion inC9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (C9ALS/FTD). Repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation of G4C2 RNA can result in five different dipeptide repeat proteins (DPR: poly GA, poly GP, poly GR, poly PA, and poly PR), which aggregate into neuronal cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions in affected patients, however their contribution to disease pathogenesis remains controversial. We show that among the DPR proteins, expression of poly GA in a cell culture model activates programmed cell death and TDP-43 cleavage in a dose-dependent manner. Dual expression of poly GA together with other DPRs revealed that poly GP and poly PA are sequestered by poly GA, whereas poly GR and poly PR are rarely co-localised with poly GA. Dual expression of poly GA and poly PA ameliorated poly GA toxicity by inhibiting poly GA aggregation both in vitro and in vivo in the chick embryonic spinal cord. Expression of alternative codon-derived DPRs in chick embryonic spinal cord confirmed in vitro data, revealing that each of the dipeptides caused toxicity, with poly GA being the most toxic. Further, in vivo expression of G4C2 repeats of varying length caused apoptotic cell death, but failed to generate DPRs. Together, these data demonstrate that C9-related toxicity can be mediated by either RNA or DPRs. Moreover, our findings provide evidence that poly GA is a key mediator of cytotoxicity and that cross-talk between DPR proteins likely modifies their pathogenic status in C9ALS/FTD

C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat exerts toxicity in a stable, inducible motor neuronal cell model, which is rescued by partial depletion of Pten.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating and incurable neurodegenerative disease, characterised by progressive failure of the neuromuscular system. A (G4C2)n repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). To date, the balance of evidence indicates that the (G4C2)n repeat causes toxicity and neurodegeneration via a gain-of-toxic function mechanism; either through direct RNA toxicity or through the production of toxic aggregating dipeptide repeat proteins. Here, we have generated a stable and isogenic motor neuronal NSC34 cell model with inducible expression of a (G4C2)102 repeat, to investigate the gain-of-toxic function mechanisms. The expression of the (G4C2)102 repeat produces RNA foci and also undergoes RAN translation. In addition, the expression of the (G4C2)102 repeat shows cellular toxicity. Through comparison of transcriptomic data from the cellular model with laser-captured spinal motor neurons from C9ORF72-ALS cases, we also demonstrate that the PI3K/Akt cell survival signalling pathway is dysregulated in both systems. Furthermore, partial knockdown of Pten rescues the toxicity observed in the NSC34 (G4C2)102 cellular gain-of-toxic function model of C9ORF72-ALS. Our data indicate that PTEN may provide a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate toxic effects of the (G4C2)n repeat

Adaptive immune responses at mucosal surfaces of teleost fish

Paid Open Acces

C9orf72-mediated ALS and FTD: multiple pathways to disease

The discovery that repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are a frequent cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) has revolutionized our understanding of these diseases. Substantial headway has been made in characterizing C9orf72-mediated disease and unravelling its underlying aetiopathogenesis. Three main disease mechanisms have been proposed: loss of function of the C9orf72 protein and toxic gain of function from C9orf72 repeat RNA or from dipeptide repeat proteins produced by repeat-associated non-ATG translation. Several downstream processes across a range of cellular functions have also been implicated. In this article, we review the pathological and mechanistic features of C9orf72-associated FTD and ALS (collectively termed C9FTD/ALS), the model systems used to study these conditions, and the probable initiators of downstream disease mechanisms. We suggest that a combination of upstream mechanisms involving both loss and gain of function and downstream cellular pathways involving both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous effects contributes to disease progression