Role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in the differential diagnosis of a supraclavicular lump: neurofibromatosis disease

We report a 31-year-old male with a history of left forearm neuroma surgically removed, consulting for a supraclavicular bultoma congruent with the supradiaphragmatic lymphoproliferative syndrome in computed tomography (CT) scan. [18F]FDG PET/CT images helped to establish the most diagnostic yield lesion for the biopsy, and allowed an accurate staging of the neurofibromatosis (NF) disease, leading to the most appropriate therapeutic option for the patient

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento de Córdoba

A partir del desarrollo de los contenidos, se debe reconocer que dentro de los contextos se encuentran múltiples formas de describir lo que pasa en las realidades de quienes habitan en una sociedad, por lo que, en este trabajo cuarto, se abordan aproximaciones al enfoque narrativo y análisis de relatos donde de forma colaborativa se trabajará en el relato de Modesto Pacayá y el caso Peñas Coloradas los cuales se llevará a utilizar la herramienta narrativa como clave para a partir de dichos conocimientos y realidades vividas ir a esas subjetividades nacientes en cada una de las víctimas de dichos casos para así aplicar la imagen y dicha narrativa como instrumento de acción psicosocial, mostrando así análisis de dicho relatos de violencia y esperanza del señor Modesto Pacayá, formulación de preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas a través de estos casos que motiven a ir mucho más allá con estas ya su vez un análisis y presentación de estrategias de abordaje psicosocial para el caso de Peñas Coloradas. Por otro lado, es importante recalcar que el realizar estrategias de abordaje psicosocial apoya en esas intervenciones claras que suministren a la potenciación de recursos de afrontamiento y a su vez como apoyo a una organización más centrada de intervención.From the development of the contents, it must be recognized that within the contexts there are multiple ways of describing what happens in the realities of those who inhabit a society, therefore, in this fourth work, approaches to the narrative approach are addressed and analysis of stories where, in a collaborative way, the story of Modesto Pacayá and the Peñas Coloradas case will be used to use the narrative tool as a key to, based on said knowledge and lived realities, go to those emerging subjectivities in each of the victims of said cases in order to apply the image and said narrative as an instrument of psychosocial action, thus showing analysis of said stories of violence and hope of Mr. Modesto Pacayá, formulation of circular, reflective and strategic questions through these cases that motivate go much further with these and in turn an analysis and presentation of psychosocial approach strategies for the case of Peñas Coloradas. On the other hand, it is important to emphasize that carrying out psychosocial approach strategies supports those clear interventions that provide the empowerment of coping resources and in turn support a more focused organization of intervention

Seafloor Morphology and Processes in the Alboran Sea

The seafloor of the Alboran Sea reflects its complex tectonic, sedimentary, and oceanography dynamics as a consequence of the geological context, involving interaction between the Eurasian and African plates, and oceanographic context, as it is where the Atlantic and Mediterranean waters meet. Their physiography has a semi-enclosed configuration characterized by two margins (the Spanish Iberian and North Africa—mostly Moroccan margins) enclosing deep basins. Tectonic activity is mainly attested by folds and faults that predominantly affect the central and eastern seafloor sectors, as well as numerous seamounts and fluid-flow features (pockmarks, mud volcanoes, and diapirs) that dot the seafloor. The sedimentary and oceanographic processes allow us to distinctly define two principal environments in the Alboran Sea: the shallow proximal margin (continental shelf); and the deep distal margin (continental slope and base of the slope) with the adjacent sub-basins. The shelf mostly comprises prodeltaic and infralittoral prograding wedges, with local bedform fields, submarine valleys, and wave-cut terraces. Coastal and fluvio-marine sedimentary processes, acting since the last glacial period, are responsible for these features. The deep marine environment is characterised by the ubiquity of contourites, whose continuity is interrupted by turbidite systems, canyons, and landslides. The alongslope action of the Mediterranean waters and their interfaces with the Atlantic water has been the main process governing transport, seafloor reworking, and sedimentation of contourites. Mass-movement processes are responsible for the formation of: (1) turbidite systems—turbidity flows and mass flows were dominant during the last glacial sea-level lowstand, evolving to dilute gravity flows during present interglacial high stand; and (2) landslides—the main triggering factors comprising over-steepening, seismicity, under consolidation due to overpressure by interstitial fluids, stratigraphy, and high sedimentation rates. Locally, still-undetermined biological activity in the Spanish and coral activity in the Moroccan margin generated fields of mounded bioconstructions. The seafloor morphology of the Alboran Sea offers interesting clues for assessing the main potential geological hazards, with tectonic seismicity and landslides (as well as their related tsunamis) being some of the most important potential hazards affecting coastal populations. In addition, the seafloor morphology in combination with assemblages of habitat-forming species enables habitat identification and mapping.En prens

MARIBNO project: Structure of the NorthWest Iberian margin: influence of inherited tectonics in the Alpine extension and inversion

X Congreso Geológico de España, 5-7 Julio 2021, Vitoria - GasteizLa zona noroeste de Iberia reúne rasgos geológicos excepcionales relacionados con el desarrollo de un margen continental hiperextendido cerca de un punto triple y la posterior inversión tectónica parcial. Es una zona de gran interés para el estudio del papel de la herencia tectónica y la posterior inversión en márgenes continentales extensionales, pero hay un gran déficit de información. Todo esto sienta las bases del proyecto anfibio MARIBNO (PGC2018-095999-B-I00) donde a lo largo de 2021 y 2022 se adquirirán sísmica marina de reflexión multicanal 2D (~4000 km), sísmica de gran ángulo en 3 transectos tierra-mar (~600 km), batimetría multihaz, grav-mag y sísmica de alta resolución. Se complementará en tierra con adquisición de datos grav-mag y varias campañas de cartografía geológica. Los objetivos se centran en el estudio de la estructura cortical, el control tectónico ejercido por estructuras previas a las etapas alpinas y la cartografía y caracterización de los dominios corticales aunando criterios geológicos y geofísicos.Todo esto sienta las bases del proyecto anfibio MARIBNO (PGC2018-095999-B-I00) donde a lo largo de 2021 y 2022 se adquirirán sísmica marina de reflexión multicanal 2D (~4000 km), sísmica de gran ángulo en 3 transectos tierra-mar (~600 km), batimetría multihaz, grav-mag y sísmica de alta resolución

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to &lt;90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], &gt;300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of &lt;15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P&lt;0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P&lt;0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Las mujeres, la ciencia y el mar

La representación de la mujer en el ámbito científico ha aumentado considerablemente en las últimas décadas, aun así, el número de científicas en puestos directivos sigue siendo algo anecdótico pese a que en las carreras de ciencias existe paridad en el número de estudiantes hombres y mujeres. Reunimos a 3 oceanógrafas para tratar temas que afectan a todo el universo femenino, como el techo de cristal, la reproducción, los cuidados…siempre a través de la visión personal de las tres protagonistas: Marta Estrada de 76 años es una reconocida médico y bióloga experta en fitoplancton, tiene 76 años de los que ha dedicado más de 50 a la ciencia, María Gómez de 45 años es geóloga marina, actual Vicedirectora Técnica y de Asesoramiento del IEO y Paula del Rio, de 21 años y estudiante de ciencias del MarLa ciencia ya es cosa de mujeres. Al menos en lo que a número de estudiantes se refiere. Durante años, la cantidad de hombres en las carreras de ciencias era considerablemente superior a la de mujeres, una tendencia que se ha dado la vuelta. Ahora, en grados como Biología, Química o Geología podemos decir que nos acercamos mucho a la paridad. No sucede lo mismo según avanzamos en el tiempo. Unos años después vemos como las mujeres van “desapareciendo”. Cada vez son menos doctorandas, menos aún con becas postdoctorales; pocas profesoras titulares y las catedráticas o profesoras de investigación son muchas menos de la mitad de las que comenzaron con esa idea.Peer reviewe

Mesa grandes expediciones

I Encuentro Oceánicas : Pasado, presente y futuro del papel de la mujer en las Ciencias Marinas, celebrado el 28 de octrubre de 2020 en Fuengirola, MálagaDurante esta mesa redonda, mujeres con una gran experiencia en importantes expediciones por todo el mundo, contaron su experiencia y compartieron anécdotas. Esta mesa tenía como objetivo servir de inspiración a jóvenes oceanógrafos a través de referentes femeninos y, a su vez, sirvió para evidenciar algunos de los problemas que se tratarían al día siguiente durante las mesas de debate. Participaron Ana Ramos y Ana Giráldez, participantes en la primera campaña antártida española; Belén Alonso, pionera en geología marina; y María Gómez, jefa del Área de Medio Marino del IEO con más de 50 campañas a sus espaldasPeer reviewe

Procesos sedimentarios por corrientes de fondo a lo largo del margen continental ibérico

Llave, Estefanía ... et. al.-- 38 pages, 9 figures, 1 table[EN] The products of bottom current circulation around the Iberian continental margin are characterised by large erosional and depositional features formed under a variety of geological and oceanographic contexts. The Iberian margins are influenced by several water masses that mainly interact along the upper and middle continental slopes, as well as along the lower slope with the abyssal plains being influenced to a lesser extent. The main depositional features occur along the Ceuta Contourite Depositional System (CDS) within the SW Alboran Sea, in the Gulf of Cadiz (the most studied so far), the western margins of the Portugal/Galician margin, the Ortegal Spur and the Le Danois Bank or “Cachucho”. Moreover, erosional contourite features have also been recently indentified, most notably terraces, abraded surfaces, channels, furrows and moats. The majority of these features are formed under the influence of the Mediterranean water masses, especially by the interaction of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) with the seafloor. The MOW is characterized as relatively warm (13°C) and with a high salinity (~ 36.5), giving it a high density relative to the surrounding water masses, hence constituting an important contribution to the global thermohaline circulation, making it one of the most studied water masses surrounding Iberia. The development of both depositional and erosional contourite features does not only depend on the bottom-current velocity but also on several other important controlling factors, including: 1) local margin morphology affected by recent tectonic activity; 2) multiple sources of sediment supply; 3) water-mass interphases interacting with the seafloor; and 4) glacioeustatic changes, especially during the Quaternary, when the increasing influence of the bottom current has been observed during the cold stages. The main objective of this special volume contribution is to provide a review and description of the regional along-slope processes and their sedimentary impact around the Iberian margin. Despite the numerous examples of bottom current processes recorded, there remains a number of challenges to understanding CDSs around the Iberian margin including: 1) evidencing their important scientific implications (stratigraphy, sedimentology, palaeoceanography and palaeoclimatology); assessing their geological hazard and their economic potential (for mineral and energy resources); and 3) using them to create conceptual models for CDS formation. There is a lack of complete knowledge about the different oceanographic processes that may drive bottom currents, and there is also the need to document the great variety of contourite features (processes and products) and facies models, along with their evolution over time and space. Therefore advances, both in new technologies and integrated studies (Geology, Physical Oceanography and Benthic/planktonic Biology), are anticipated[ES] En la evolución reciente de los márgenes continentales ibéricos se han registrado numerosos, y cada vez más frecuentes, ejemplos de procesos sedimentarios generados por la interacción de las corrientes con el fondo. Los productos de la circulación de las corrientes de fondo comprenden tanto rasgos contorníticos erosivos como deposicionales, de dimensiones variables dependiendo de los diferentes contextos geológicos y oceanográficos. En Iberia las masas de agua más relevantes interactúan principalmente a lo largo de los taludes continentales superior y medio y, en menor intensidad también en el talud inferior y llanuras abisales. Estas masas de agua han desarrollado depósitos contorníticos (monticulares separados, laminares, adosados, confinados y asociados a canales),así como rasgos contorníticos de origen erosivo, siendo los más destacables las terrazas, las superficies de abrasión, los canales, los surcos y las fosas contorníticas, en los márgenes del SW del Mar de Alborán, del Golfo de Cádiz (el más estudiado hasta la fecha), de Portugal, de Galicia, de Cabo Ortegal, y del Banco de Le Danois o “Cachucho”. Estos rasgos morfológicos se generar mayoritariamente bajo la influencia de las masas de agua Mediterráneas y en concreto por la corriente Mediterránea de salida (MOW). La MOW se caracteriza por ser relativamente caliente (13°) y por su alta salinidad (~36.5 ‰), que le confieren una alta densidad con respecto a las masas de agua circundantes, y considerándose una contribución importante a la circulación termohalina global. Es por ello que es una de las masas de agua, que rodean Iberia, más estudiadas hasta la actualidad. El desarrollo de estos rasgos contorníticos no sólo depende de la velocidad de la corriente, sino además de otros factores de control como: 1) la morfología del margen, afectada por la actividad tectónica reciente, 2) las posibles y múltiples fuentes de aporte de sedimento, 3) la interacción de la interfase entre distintas masas de agua con el fondo marino, y por último, 4) los cambios glacioeustáticos, especialmente relevantes durante el Cuaternario. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica de los numerosos procesos sedimentarios debidos a la interacción de las corrientes con el fondo a lo largo del margen continental Ibérico que pone de manifiesto que, a pesar de las relevantes implicaciones científicas que tienen estos procesos ya sea en estratigrafía, sedimentología, paleoceanografía, paleoclimatología, riesgos geológicos, como por el gran potencial económico, todavía existe una carencia importante en el conocimiento de los distintos procesos oceanográficos que podrían producir corrientes de fondo; la gran variedad de rasgos contorníticos (procesos y productos); la determinación de un modelo de facies; y la evolución en el tiempo y el espacio de estos rasgos contorníticos. Para solventar estas carencias, las expectativas de avance en este campo y alrededor de Iberia se centrarían, básicamente, en el uso de nuevas tecnologías así como en la integración de estudios multidisciplinares (geología, oceanografía física y biología bentónica/plantónica)This contribution is a product of the IGCP-619 and INQUA-1204 projects and is partially supported through the CTM 2008-06399-C04/MAR (CONTOURIBER), CGL2011-16057-E (MOW) and CTM 2012-39599-C03 (MOWER) projects, as well as the Continental Margins Research Group (CMRG) at Royal Holloway University of London (UK)Peer Reviewe