Metodología de cálculo del factor topográfico, LS, integrado en los modelos Rusle y Usped. Aplicación al arroyo del lugar, Guadalajara (España).

El modelo paramétrico USLE y sus actuales revisiones, RUSLE, RUSLE3D y USPED, continúan siendo los modelos de mayor aplicación para determinar los efectos de la erosión hídrica en cuencas de montaña. En estos modelos, los efectos de la topografía sobre la pérdida de suelo están representados por el factor combinado, LS, siendo éste factor, uno de los cinco componentes del modelo, los cuáles forman una ecuación cuyo producto estima la pérdida media anual de suelo por unidad de área. El objetivo de esta Tesis es el establecimiento de una metodología para el cálculo del factor LS, concreta y adaptada para su integración en los sistemas de información geográfica, lo cual no solo permite una estimación más precisa del factor LS, sino también, de los valores y sobretodo, de la distribución de los sedimentos removidos por efecto de la erosión hídrica. The parametric model USLE and its current revisions, RUSLE, RUSLE3D and USPED, continue being the most used models to determine the effects of hydric erosion in watersheds. In these models, the effects of topography on soil loss are represented by the combined factor, LS, being one of five components of the model that form an equation whose product estimates the annual mean soil loss per area unit. The objective of this Dissertation is the establishment of a methodology for LS factor calculation, concrete and adapted for its integration in geographical information systems that not just allows a more precise estimation of LS factor, but also of the values and, above all, the sediments distribution removed by effect of hydric erosion

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Estimation of water erosion rates using RUSLE3D in Alicante province (Spain)

The purpose of this study was the estimation of current and potential water erosion rates in Alicante Province using RUSLE3D (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation-3D) model with Geographical Information System (GIS) support by request from the Valencia Waste Energy Use. RUSLE3D uses a new methodology for topographic factor estimation (LS factor) based on the impact of flow convergence allowing better assessment of sediment distribution detached by water erosion. In RUSLE3D equation, the effect that vegetation cover has on soil erosion rate is reflected by the C factor. Potential erosion indicates soil erosion rate without considering C factor in RUSLE3D equation. The results showed that 70% of estimated current erosion does not exceed 10 Mg ha-1 y-1 (low erosion). In the case of potential erosion rates, 16% of the area of Alicante Province does not exceed 10 Mg ha-1 y-1 but 33% exceed 200 Mg ha-1 y-1. Based on these results, the current vegetation cover of Alicante Province is adequate but needs to be conserved to avoid an increase in the current soil erosion rates as shown by potential erosion rates

Evaluation of the Higher Education Regional Development Fund

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:7761.3411(84) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Understanding and Enhancing Ecotourism Opportunities through Education

A new fast growing trend in tourism is ecotourism, in which tourists visit natural ecosystems under low impact, nonconsumptive and locally oriented activities. Through these activities species and habitats are maintained and typically, underdeveloped regions are emphasized. Ecotourism provides a great alternative, especially for rural and undeveloped area. At the same time, despite its many benefits, it also poses many risks for the naturally protected areas

Guía de Terapéutica Antimicrobiana del Área Aljarafe, 3ª edición

Coordinadora: Rocío Fernández Urrusuno. Co-coordinadora: Carmen Serrano Martino.YesEstas guías son un recurso indispensable en los Programas de Optimización de Antibióticos (PROA). No sólo constituyen una herramienta de ayuda para la toma de decisiones en los principales síndromes infecciosos, proporcionando recomendaciones para el abordaje empírico de dichos procesos, sino que son el patrón/estándar de referencia que permitirá determinar la calidad o adecuación de los tratamientos realizados. Las guías pueden ser utilizadas, además, como herramienta de base para la formación y actualización en antibioterapia, ya que permiten mantener actualizados los conocimientos sobre las nuevas evidencias en el abordaje de las infecciones. Por último, deberían incorporar herramientas que faciliten el proceso de toma de decisiones compartidas con el paciente. El objetivo de esta guía es proporcionar recomendaciones para el abordaje de las enfermedades infecciosas más prevalentes en la comunidad, basadas en las últimas evidencias disponibles y los datos de resistencias de los principales patógenos que contribuyan a mejorar la calidad de la prescripción de antimicrobianos