Diagnóstico sobre comprensión conceptual y lectora en estudiantes de la UNAE a través de la “cumbia epistemológica” de Les Luthiers

Este estudio surge desde la propia experiencia docente durante siete períodos académicos en la Universidad Nacional de Educación de Ecuador (UNAE), donde hemos observado de forma continuada un grave problema de apropiación conceptual y lectora por parte del estudiantado. De modo que este trabajo intenta acercarse a esa problemática a través de la aplicación de un diagnóstico, además, de evaluar el aprendizaje derivado en un grupo de alumnos de Educación General Básica, que conforman el universo total de estudiantes inscritos en el segundo ciclo de la mencionada carrera. El encuadre metodológico empleado en este estudio combina aspectos cualitativos y cuantitativos con la finalidad de llevar a cabo una triangulación entre los datos recogidos por medio de un cuestionario, junto a la utilización de otros instrumentos complementarios. El procedimiento metodológico está sustentado a partir de la utilización de un recurso visual, la cumbia epistemológica del grupo cómico argentino Les Luthiers titulada “Dilema de Amor”, al considerar que ese material, dirigido a un público amplio, contiene una serie de elementos referenciales claves, que nos permite indagar en los procesos de comprensión en contexto universitario. Entre las principales conclusiones obtenidas destacan la existencia de una muy escasa formación de base por parte del alumnado de la UNAE y una actitud o comportamiento generalizado por ocultar o no reconocer las carencias o déficits de conocimiento

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION OF ECUADOR

El presente estudio es un avance parcial de una investigación en curso que tiene por objeto principal la creación, contribución y el análisis de indicadores culturales en el contexto universitario ecuatoriano. Este trabajo se enfoca específicamente en proveer una serie de indicadores sobre el equipamiento, uso y consumo de las TIC de los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Educación de Ecuador (UNAE). La metodología usada es de orden cuantitativo/descriptiva, a partir de los datos recolectados en una encuesta aplicada a una muestra compuesta de 438 estudiantes del total del universo entre las diferentes carreras y ciclos ofertados por la UNAE. La muestra tiene un nivel de confianza del 95% y un 5% de margen de error. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un alto nivel de equipamiento, uso y consumo de diferentes dispositivos tecnológicos. También, esta población universitaria usa su tiempo en actividades académicas y de ocio con su celular, televisión, videos e internet.This study is a partial advance of ongoing research whose main objective is the creation, contribution, and analysis of cultural indicators in the Ecuadorian university context. This work focuses specifically on providing a series of indicators on the equipment, use, and consumption of the TIC of students of the National University of Education of Ecuador (UNAE). The methodology used is the quantitative of descriptive-analytical order, based on the data collected in a survey applied on a population sample, made up of 438 students of the total universe between the different careers and cycles offered by the UNAE. The sample has a margin of 95% reliability and an error of 5%. The obtained results showed a high level of equipment, use, and consumption of the different technological devices. Also, this university population spends daily hours in academic and free time activities in cellphones, television, videos, and internet

TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN EN LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN DE ECUADOR

This study is a partial advance of ongoing research whose main objective is the creation, contribution, and analysis of cultural indicators in the Ecuadorian university context. This work focuses specifically on providing a series of indicators on the equipment, use, and consumption of the TIC of students of the National University of Education of Ecuador (UNAE). The methodology used is the quantitative of descriptive-analytical order, based on the data collected in a survey applied on a population sample, made up of 438 students of the total universe between the different careers and cycles offered by the UNAE. The sample has a margin of 95% reliability and an error of 5%. The obtained results showed a high level of equipment, use, and consumption of the different technological devices. Also, this university population spends daily hours in academic and free time activities in cellphones, television, videos, and internet.El presente estudio es un avance parcial de una investigación en curso que tiene por objeto principal la creación, contribución y el análisis de indicadores culturales en el contexto universitario ecuatoriano. Este trabajo se enfoca específicamente en proveer una serie de indicadores sobre el equipamiento, uso y consumo de las TIC de los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Educación de Ecuador (UNAE). La metodología usada es de orden cuantitativo/descriptiva, a partir de los datos recolectados en una encuesta aplicada a una muestra compuesta de 438 estudiantes del total del universo entre las diferentes carreras y ciclos ofertados por la UNAE. La muestra tiene un nivel de confianza del 95% y un 5% de margen de error. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un alto nivel de equipamiento, uso y consumo de diferentes dispositivos tecnológicos. También, esta población universitaria usa su tiempo en actividades académicas y de ocio con su celular, televisión, videos e internet

SMARTeaching: Uso de dispositivos móviles en el aula y eficacia de las clases presenciales

Sección Deptal. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (Biológicas)Fac. de Ciencias BiológicasFALSEsubmitte

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality