Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3.5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD estimates are publicly available and adhere to the Guidelines on Accurate and Transparent Health Estimate Reporting. From this vast amount of information, five key insights that are important for health, social, and economic development strategies have been distilled. These insights are subject to the many limitations outlined in each of the component GBD capstone papers.Peer reviewe

Novel green phosphorescence from pristine ZnO quantum dots: tuning of correlated color temperature

Creating novel functionality is always fascinating as well as advantageous from a device point of view. We have tried with success to generate green phosphorescence, a novel phenomenon, in pristine zinc oxide quantum dots synthesized by alkaline hydrolysis of a methanolic solution of zinc acetate dihydrate. The appearance of phosphorescence with radiative lifetimes of 4-22 mu S is attributed to the singly charged oxygen vacancy (V-o(center dot)). The presence of V(o)(center dot)s has been confirmed using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. In addition, optimization of the intensity and lifetime of the phosphorescence has been made by tailoring the number of V(o)(center dot)s and their variation has been satisfactorily explained on the basis of a donor-acceptor pair recombination mechanism. Tailoring of the Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates (x = 0.317, y = 0.544 in case of pristine ZnO quantum dots) of the synthesized quantum dots has been investigated in the presence of V-o(center dot). Correlated color temperature of the quantum dots is evaluated and they are found to be suitable in cold light applications

Novel Growth Mechanisms of Self-assembled Mg(OH)2 Nanoplatelets

Here we report for the first time the time-dependent mechanisms of self assembly and growth of Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles. For this purpose, the nanopowders are obtained by a simple chemical precipitation route. To understand the route map of the growth process; the nanopowders are subsequently characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET, pore size distribution, FESEM and TEM analysis techniques. Based on the results obtained from aforesaid characterizations the mechanisms of self-assembly and nanoplatelets growth process as a function of reaction time are explained

Hedgehog ZnO/Ag heterostructure: an environment-friendly rare earth free potential material for cold-white light emission with high quantum yield

Solid-state white light emission from environment-friendly, highly stable hedgehog ZnO/Ag heterostructure has been observed for first time from a combined effect of tunability of emission centers and charge transfer. The heterostructure has been synthesized via a facile low-temperature hydrothermal route and characterized using X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The interaction between ZnO and Ag can be confirmed from the appearance of few new multi-phonon Raman peaks. Steady-state photoluminescence spectrum reveals multiple emissions (413, 453, 546, 605 and 667 nm) from virgin hedgehog ZnO at an excitation wavelength of 325 nm. Tuneability of radiative and non-radiative emission of ZnO which is the primary mechanism for white light emission (CIE coordinate: 0.35, 0.32) has been briefly investigated by time-correlated single-photon spectroscopy. Biocompatible as well cost-effectivity depicts that the as-prepared heterostructure would be a promising solid-state white light-emitting phosphor material for long-term use

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Not AvailableBiochar application to soil has been projected as an approach to improve soil quality, which can also infuence soil microbial activities. In this experiment, we have utilized four dissimilar feedstocks derived biochar amendments. The highest microbial biomass carbon was found in Lantana camara (LC) biochar followed by pine needle (PN), maize stalk (MS) and lowest in black gram (BG) biochar. The dehydrogenase activity in diferent biochar treatment increased signifcantly along with control with increase in incubation days except pine biochar where dehydrogenase decreased. Biochar application in soil increased acid phosphatase compared to control. The highest alkaline phosphatase was found in MS and it was 20.56, 31.27, 42.52, 57.62 and 69.56 at 1, 7, 30, 60 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. The highest urease was found in LC followed by BG, MS and lowest in PN among the biochar at both the biochar application rate. The biochar application augmented the protease enzyme activity in soil, which might be due to augmenting the accessibility of inorganic nitrogen. The highest fuorescein diacetate was found in LC and it was 10.12, 17.62, 24.62, 32.86 and 37.56 at 1, 7, 30, 60 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. The increased biological indicator was more at 2.5 t/ha biochar application rate than 5.0 t/ha i.e. lower concentration of biochar enhanced more than higher concentration. This laboratory study demonstrated that biochar application can proft incubated acid soils by improving microbial biomass carbon up-lift while increasing potential soil enzyme activityNot Availabl

Abstracts of National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020

This book presents the abstracts of the papers presented to the Online National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020 (RDMPMC-2020) held on 26th and 27th August 2020 organized by the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Science in Association with the Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. Conference Title: National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020Conference Acronym: RDMPMC-2020Conference Date: 26–27 August 2020Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology JamshedpurCo-organizer: Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, IndiaConference Sponsor: TEQIP-

Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3·5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD estimates are publicly available and adhere to the Guidelines on Accurate and Transparent Health Estimate Reporting. From this vast amount of information, five key insights that are important for health, social, and economic development strategies have been distilled. These insights are subject to the many limitations outlined in each of the component GBD capstone papers