New records and range extensions of reef fishes in the Western South Atlantic, with comments on reef fish distribution along the Brazilian coast

New occurrences of 11 species of reef fishes are reported for the western South Atlantic, range extensions are recorded for additional 37 reef species along the Brazilian coast, and the distribution of reef ichthyofauna along the eastern coast of South America is commented upon.513530Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

An extraordinary new species of melanophryniscus (anura, bufonidae) from Southeastern Brazil

We describe a new species of bufonid from a lowland, sandy soil, restinga habitat in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Based on the shared occurrence of putative morphological synapomorphies of Melanophryniscus and the results of a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences of a broad sample of bufonids, and other anurans, we assign the new species to Melanophryniscus. The new species possesses several peculiar character states that distinguish it from all other Melanophryniscus including, but not limited to: fingers II, III, and V much reduced; nuptial pad with few enlarged, brown-colored spines on medial margin of finger II; seven presacral vertebrae, the last fused with the sacrum; and ventral humeral crest prominent, forming a spinelike projection. © Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2012.Fil: Peloso, Pedro L.V.. American Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Faivovich, Julián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. American Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Grant, Taran. American Museum of Natural History; Estados UnidosFil: Gasparini, João Luiz. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Haddad, Célio F.B.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasi

New species of Melanophryniscus.

31 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 26 cm.We describe a new species of bufonid from a lowland, sandy soil, restinga habitat in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Based on the shared occurrence of putative morphological synapomorphies of Melanophryniscus and the results of a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences of a broad sample of bufonids, and other anurans, we assign the new species to Melanophryniscus. The new species possesses several peculiar character states that distinguish it from all other Melanophryniscus including, but not limited to: fingers II, III, and V much reduced; nuptial pad with few enlarged, brown-colored spines on medial margin of finger II; seven presacral vertebrae, the last fused with the sacrum; and ventral humeral crest prominent, forming a spinelike projection

Empreendedorismo no Brasil: um estudo sobre a mortalidade de micro e pequenas empresas / Entrepreneurship in Brazil: a study on micro and small business mortality

O processo de globalização não é recente. Devido à variedade cada vez maior de alternativas, o mercado proporciona uma indispensabilidade incessante de melhorias que tornem as empresas mais competitivas. Por isso as empresas que são prematuras, acabam falhando em não se planejarem da forma correta, e não buscam estudar o setor em que elas irão se inserir. Por isso, observa-se um considerável aumento do número de falências de empresas no Brasil. Por meio de um MASP (Método de Análise e Solução de Problemas), esse estudo objetiva corroborar com a importância de o empresário conhecer a área que ele irá se inserir, a importância do planejamento e da gestão empresarial para não ocorrer a mortalidade do empreendimento

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Frogs of the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil — The need for looking at the ‘coldspots’

We present a list of the anuran amphibians of the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. The list was compiled from data gathered from fieldwork over the course of the past 20 years in different localities, and from literature records and voucher specimens deposited in scientific collections. Our list comprises 133 species. Patchy sampling efforts and recent species descriptions suggest that the list may increase significantly with further sampling, considering the presence of several geographical gaps. The need for adequate sampling in these gap areas is highlighted.

Impact of commercial fishing on Trindade Island and Martin Vaz Archipelago, Brazil: characteristics, conservation status of the species involved and prospects for preservation

Visual records, radio interviews and onboard observations of the fishing activities during a 58 days scientific expedition to Trindade Island and the Martin Vaz Archipelago were obtained from February to April 2007. The regular activities of four different fisheries were observed: pelagic longline, bottom line, trolling and handline. These fisheries caused mortality of at least seven species with some level threat, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature list. The establishment of specific restriction norms for hook-and-line activities around the oceanic islands was seen as an alternative for the conservation of the ichthyofauna of the region. Satellite monitoring to track the fishery vessels could be established through the national program as another legal mean to diminish fishing the impact