Inhibición de Porphyromonas gingivalis por Cinnamomum verum eE Illicium verum.

Las plantas medicinales han sido empleadas por el humano como alternativa o complemento a los tratamientos contra diversas afecciones, entre ellas la periodontitis, se ha reportado que alimentos como Cinnamomum verum e Illicium verum tienen compuestos con actividad antimicrobiana. Por otra parte, la periodontitis es una enfermedad de origen bacteriano, que afecta de un 5%-20% de los adultos entre 30 y 60 años a nivel mundial. Una de las bacterias implicadas en la periodontitis crónica y agresiva además de ser considerada como su principal agente etiológico es Porphyromonas gingivalis. El objetivo de éste trabajo fue determinar la actividad biológica del extracto metanólicos de I. verum y extracto acuoso de Cinnamomum verum sobre P. gingivalis. Los resultados indican que los extracto evaluados de C. verum e I. verum inhiben el crecimiento in vitro de P. gingivalis. Estos resultados brindan perspectivas de estudio encaminadas a la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas de terapia antimicrobiana relacionadas con enfermedades periodontales

Improved functionalization of oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can providemultiple benefits for biomedical applications in aqueous environments such asmagnetic separation or magnetic resonance imaging. To increase the colloidal stability and allow subsequent reactions, the introduction of hydrophilic functional groups onto the particles’ surface is essential. During this process, the original coating is exchanged by preferably covalently bonded ligands such as trialkoxysilanes. The duration of the silane exchange reaction, which commonly takes more than 24 h, is an important drawback for this approach. In this paper, we present a novel method, which introduces ultrasonication as an energy source to dramatically accelerate this process, resulting in high-quality waterdispersible nanoparticles around 10 nmin size. To prove the generic character, different functional groups were introduced on the surface including polyethylene glycol chains, carboxylic acid, amine, and thiol groups. Their colloidal stability in various aqueous buffer solutions as well as human plasma and serum was investigated to allow implementation in biomedical and sensing applications.status: publishe

Heavy metal pollution in drinking water - a global risk for human health: A review

Water resources in the world have been profoundly influenced over the last years by human activities, whereby the world is currently facing critical water supply and drinking water quality problems. In many parts of the world heavy metal (HM) concentrations in drinking water are higher than some international guideline values. Discussing about the HM pollution in drinking water, the incorporation of them into the food chain, and their implications as a global risk for the human health, are the objectives of this review. It is known that there are million people with chronic HM poisoning which has become a worldwide public health issue, while 1.6 million children die each year from diseases for which contaminated drinking water is a leading cause. There is also evidence of HM in drinking water that are responsible for causing adverse effect on human health through food chain contamination. A global effort to offering affordable and healthy drinking water most to be launched throughout the world, while various laws and regulations to protect and improve the utilization of drinking water resources should be updated or created throughout the world, including the low income countries; otherwise, the problem of HM-polluted drinking water will be growing because demand for drinking water is still growing such as this problem will become even more pressing in the future. Finally, notwithstanding, additional researches are necessaries about the correlation between HM concentration in drinking water and human diseases, while the development of robust, cheap and sustainable technologies to improve the drinking water quality is necessary.Key words: Groundwater, aquifer, water quality, water pollution, microorganism, water supply, microbial communities, food chain, disease

Inulina de agave y aceite de orégano mejoran la productividad de pollos de engorda

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de inulina de agave (IA) y aceite esencial de orégano Mexicano (AEOM) en el comportamiento productivo, variables de sacrificio y calidad de la carne en pollos de engorda. Seis tratamientos fueron establecidos en dietas: T1 = dieta control, T2 = dieta + 5.0 g kg-1 IA, T3 = dieta + 10.0 g kg-1 IA, T4 = dieta + 5.0 g kg-1 IA + 0.2 g kg-1 AEOM, T5 = dieta + 10.0 g kg-1 IA + 0.2 g kg-1 AEOM, y T6 = dieta + 0.2 g kg-1 AEOM. Los tratamientos T4 y T6 incrementaron el peso pollos (P < 0.05), pero en consumo de alimento T4 fue el más alto y T6 el más bajo en todo el periodo de engorda. Así mismo, estos tratamientos incrementaron el peso sacrificio (P < 0.05), sin embargo T1 aumentó el rendimiento alas. T3 presentó la capacidad en retención de agua, dureza y gomosidad más alta (P < 0.05), mientras que T5 aumentó (P < 0.05) color amarillo, saturación y tono de la carne. La inulina de agave (10.0 g kg-1) y el aceite esencial de orégano (0.2 g kg-1) pueden usarse en la engorda de pollos para mejorar la producción y calidad de la carne

Comportamiento productivo de ovinos de pelo usando un extracto comercial de tanino condensado

The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of using commercial SilvaFeed® condensed tannins (CT) when they are added to sheep’s diets in 4 % DM. The study lasted 60 d, 22 sheep were used, in a completely random design with 11 repetitions per treatment. The following were evaluated: productive behavior (daily weight gain, dietary conversion and dietary efficiency), dorsal fat (EGD), and eye area of the rib (AM). The diets were formulated according to the sheep’s requirements, being iso-proteic and iso-energetic. The data were analyzed with the SAS software PROC GLM. The inclusion of 4 % of CT to the diets showed that the DM consumption was 1200 g d1, the daily weight gain, dietary conversion, AM and EGD were not different between treatments (P0.05). This study indicated that the inclusion of 4 % of CT to the sheep’s diet did not affect the productive variables

IV consenso mexicano sobre Helicobacter pylori

Desde el último consenso mexicano para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección por Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) en el 2007, han existido avances importantes al respecto. Por tal motivo, la Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología convocó a 20 expertos para la realización del «IV consenso mexicano sobre H. pylori». Durante febrero y junio del 2017 se organizaron 4 mesas de trabajo, una revisión de la literatura y 3 rondas de votaciones donde se establecieron 32 enunciados para discusión y consenso. Dentro de las recomendaciones se destaca el reconocer a México como un país con riesgo de cáncer gástrico bajo a intermedio a pesar de la alta prevalencia de infección por H. pylori. Se corrobora que enfermedad ulcerosa péptica, presencia de lesiones premalignas, antecedentes de cáncer gástrico y linfoma asociado a la mucosa deben considerarse indicaciones claras para erradicación. La relación del H. pylori con los síntomas dispépticos sigue siendo controversial. La triple terapia de erradicación con amoxicilina, claritromicina y un inhibidor de la bomba de protones ya no debe ser considerada la primera línea de tratamiento. En su lugar, se proponen 2 opciones: la terapia cuádruple con bismuto (inhibidor de la bomba de protones, subcitrato de bismuto, tetraciclina y metronidazol) y la terapia cuádruple sin bismuto (inhibidor de la bomba de protones, amoxicilina, claritromicina y metronidazol). Se establece la necesidad de la realización de sensibilidad antimicrobiana ante la falla a 2 tratamientos de erradicación. Finalmente, se proponen campañas de educación respecto al diagnóstico y tratamiento del H. pylori para médicos de primer contacto y población general. Abstract Important advances have been made since the last Mexican consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was published in 2007. Therefore, the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología summoned 20 experts to produce ‘‘The Fourth Mexican Consensus on Helicobacter pylori’’. From February to June 2017, 4 working groups were organized, a literature review was performed, and 3 voting rounds were carried out, resulting in the formulation of 32 statements for discussion and consensus. From the ensuing recommendations, it was striking that Mexico is a country with an intermediate-to-low risk for gastric cancer, despite having a high prevalence of H. pylori infection. It was also corroborated that peptic ulcer disease, premalignant lesions, and histories of gastric cancer and mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue lymphoma should be considered clear indications for eradication. The relation of H. pylori to dyspeptic symptoms continues to be controversial. Eradication triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and a proton pump inhibitor should no longer be considered first-line treatment, with the following 2 options proposed to take its place: quadruple therapy with bismuth (proton pump inhibitor, bismuth subcitrate, tetracycline, and metronidazole) and quadruple therapy without bismuth (proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole). The need for antimicrobial sensitivity testing when 2 eradication treatments have failed was also established. Finally, the promotion of educational campaigns on the diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori for both primary care physicians and the general population were proposed

The impact of COVID-19 on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States and Latin America

BACKGROUND: In the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults from vulnerable ethnoracial groups are at high risk of infection, hospitalization, and death. We aimed to explore the pandemic's impact on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States (US), Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. METHODS: 1,608 (646 White, 852 Latino, 77 Black, 33 Asian; 72% female) individuals from the US and four Latin American countries aged ≥ 55 years completed an online survey regarding well-being and cognition during the pandemic between May and September 2020. Outcome variables (pandemic impact, discrimination, loneliness, purpose of life, subjective cognitive concerns) were compared across four US ethnoracial groups and older adults living in Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. FINDINGS: Mean age for all participants was 66.7 (SD = 7.7) years and mean education was 15.4 (SD = 2.7) years. Compared to Whites, Latinos living in the US reported greater economic impact (p &lt; .001, ηp 2  = 0.031); while Blacks reported experiencing discrimination more often (p &lt; .001, ηp 2  = 0.050). Blacks and Latinos reported more positive coping (p &lt; .001, ηp 2  = 0.040). Compared to Latinos living in the US, Latinos in Chile, Mexico, and Peru reported greater pandemic impact, Latinos in Mexico and Peru reported more positive coping, Latinos in Argentina, Mexico, and Peru had greater economic impact, and Latinos in Argentina, Chile, and Peru reported less discrimination. INTERPRETATION: The COVID-19 pandemic has differentially impacted the well-being of older ethnically diverse individuals in the US and Latin America. Future studies should examine how mediators like income and coping skills modify the pandemic's impact. FUNDING: Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Psychiatry

Documenting the Recovery of Vascular Services in European Centres Following the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Peak: Results from a Multicentre Collaborative Study

Objective: To document the recovery of vascular services in Europe following the first COVID-19 pandemic peak. Methods: An online structured vascular service survey with repeated data entry between 23 March and 9 August 2020 was carried out. Unit level data were collected using repeated questionnaires addressing modifications to vascular services during the first peak (March – May 2020, “period 1”), and then again between May and June (“period 2”) and June and July 2020 (“period 3”). The duration of each period was similar. From 2 June, as reductions in cases began to be reported, centres were first asked if they were in a region still affected by rising cases, or if they had passed the peak of the first wave. These centres were asked additional questions about adaptations made to their standard pathways to permit elective surgery to resume. Results: The impact of the pandemic continued to be felt well after countries’ first peak was thought to have passed in 2020. Aneurysm screening had not returned to normal in 21.7% of centres. Carotid surgery was still offered on a case by case basis in 33.8% of centres, and only 52.9% of centres had returned to their normal aneurysm threshold for surgery. Half of centres (49.4%) believed their management of lower limb ischaemia continued to be negatively affected by the pandemic. Reduced operating theatre capacity continued in 45.5% of centres. Twenty per cent of responding centres documented a backlog of at least 20 aortic repairs. At least one negative swab and 14 days of isolation were the most common strategies used for permitting safe elective surgery to recommence. Conclusion: Centres reported a broad return of services approaching pre-pandemic “normal” by July 2020. Many introduced protocols to manage peri-operative COVID-19 risk. Backlogs in cases were reported for all major vascular surgeries