Los estudios psicológicos de la sustentabilidad hídrica. aplicaciones al sistema tarifario de consumo

El propósito del presente artículo es exponer la historia, las estructuras y las aplicaciones de los estudios psicológicos en torno a la sustentabilidad del diseño de sistemas tarifarios del servicio de agua potable. Para tal propósito, se plantean dos tendencias del estado de la cuestión: conservacionismo y comunitarismo. Se analizan las investigaciones conservacionistas en cuatro estructuras: validez, covarianza, predicción y disturbio. Finalmente, se ofrece una síntesis de las investigaciones conservacionistas para su aplicación en el diseño de sistemas de cotización del abasto y consumo de agua

Aspects of sustainability and design engineering for the production of interconnected smart food packaging

In the present work, the problem of food wastage and the concept of sustainability are studied. An analysis of Life Cycle Assessment as a tool and of the innovative concept of Cradle to Cradle is also carried out, together with an exhaustive comparison of these two approaches. Based on these concepts, an integrated methodology is proposed for the design of interconnected smart products. The smart packaging systems currently available are studied theoretically and a practical case is analysed using the proposed methodology through the design and Life Cycle Assessment of a smart interconnected container that is able to detect the ethylene emitted by climacteric fruit, thereby minimizing food wastage. For the case under study, a major impact is observed of the selected plastics in the resources category, and of the smart system in the human health category

Efectos del JCR en la calidad de las revistas españolas de Psicología: un selfi en 2017

La valoración de la calidad de las publicaciones periódicas de Psicología suele resumirse con el índice JCR (Journal Citation Report), que se basa únicamente en el número de citas recibidas por la revista. Sin embargo, esa supuesta calidad se utiliza como justificación para valorar curricula, promociones laborales, contrataciones y privilegios académicos. Esto está llevando a múltiples problemas en la investigación científica, y también dentro de Psicología. Entre ellos, que las investigaciones y temas se están tergiversando hacia aquellas que son más rápidas y fáciles de publicar en las revistas que tienen ese indicador; y como consecuencia también se están publicando una gran cantidad de artículos cuya calidad y aportación real al campo resulta dudosa. Partiendo de esta hipótesis, se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo cuantitativo de 29 revistas españolas de Psicología, con JCR (7 revistas) y sin el (22 revistas) del año 2017. Se han revisado un total de 693 artículos. Se han utilizado como categorías de registro: el tipo de estudios, metodología, área, participantes, instrumentos, análisis de datos, conclusiones, replicación, número de autores, países, y universidades. Los resultados muestran que las revistas con JCR reciben y concentran tres veces más publicaciones, con más estudios con encuestas y adaptación de cuestionarios, tienen más autores por publicación, y tienen menos artículos teóricos o de revisión, que las demás revistas sin JCR. Como resultado general existe una gran escasez de estudios experimentales, una gran proliferación de estudios con encuestas, instrumentales y expost-facto, también los participantes suelen ser estudiantes; y las mediciones son siempre con cuestionarios, son muy escasos los que utilicen observación o datos directos con instrumentos. Finalmente, se discute la situación actual de los estudios de Psicología que no parecen superar un estadio correlacional como ciencia. Las causas de los fenómenos psicológicos siguen sin ser estudiadas con una metodología experimental.The assessment of the quality of Psychlogy Journals is ussually sumarized by the JCR index (Journal Citation Report), based only on the number of citations received by the journal. However, this quality index is used as a justification for curricula, job promotions, hiring and academic privileges. This is carrying to multiple problems in scientific research, also within Psychology. Research and topics are being distorted towards quicker and easier themes to publish in journals with that indicator; and as a result, a large number of publised articles have low quality and make less real contribution to the field. Based on this hypothesis, a quantitative descriptive study of 29 Spanish Psychology Journals was carried out, with 7 journals with JCR, and 22 journals without it. During 2017 a total of 693 articles have been revised. The recording categories were: the type of study, methodology, area, participants, instruments, data analysis, conclusions, replications, number of authors, countries, and universities. The results show that journals with JCR receive and concentrate three times more publications, with more survey studies and questionnaires adaptations, have more authors per publication, and have fewer theoretical or review articles than other journals without JCR. As a general result, there is a great shortage of experimental studies, a great proliferation of studies with surveys, instrumental and ex-post-facto; also the participants are usually university students; and the measurements are questionnaires always, very few studies use observation or direct data with instruments. Finally, we discuss the current situation of psychology studies that do not seem to overcome a correlational stage as science. The causes of psychological phenomena are still not studies with an experimental methodology

Variable phenotype in HNF1B mutations: extrarenal manifestations distinguish affected individuals from the population with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract

Background: Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1B (HNF1B) have been associated with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in humans. Diabetes and other less frequent anomalies have also been described. Variable penetrance and intrafamilial variability have been demonstrated including severe prenatal phenotypes. Thus, it is important to differentiate this entity from others with similar clinical features and perform confirmatory molecular diagnosis. Methods: This study reports the results of HNF1B screening in a cohort of 60 patients from 58 unrelated families presenting with renal structural anomalies and/or non-immune glucose metabolism alterations, and other minor features suggesting HNF1B mutations. Results: This study identified a pathogenic variant in 23 patients from 21 families. The most frequent finding was bilateral cystic dysplasia or hyperechogenic kidneys (87% of patients). Sixty percent of them also fulfilled the criteria for impaired glucose metabolism, and these were significantly older than those patients with an HNF1B mutation but without diabetes or prediabetes (14.4 versus 3.3years, P<0.05). Furthermore, patients with HNF1B mutations had higher frequency of pancreatic structural anomalies and hypomagnesaemia than patients without mutations (P<0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Hyperuricaemia and increased liver enzymes were detected in some patients as well. Conclusions: Renal anomalies found in patients with HNF1B mutations are frequently unspecific and may resemble those found in other renal pathologies (CAKUT, ciliopathies). Active searching for extrarenal minor features, especially pancreatic structural anomalies or hypomagnesaemia, could support the indication for molecular diagnosis to identify HNF1B mutations

Seismic imaging and attribute analysis of Chicxulub Crater central sector, Yucatán Platform, Gulf of Mexico

Chicxulub Crater, formed ~66Ma ago by an asteroid impact on the southern Gulf of Mexico, is the best preserved of the three large multi-ring basins in the terrestrial record. The crater structure is characterized by a semi-circular concentric ring pattern, marking the crater basin, peak ring, terrace zone and basement uplift. Analysis of a grid of 19 seismic reflection profiles using seismic attributes, marker horizons, contour surfaces and 3-D views is used to investigate the stratigraphy of the central zone. We used interactive software and routine applications to map the impact breccias, breccia-carbonate contact and post-impact carbonates. Four horizons marked by high-amplitude reflectors representing high-impedance contrasts were identified and laterally correlated in the seismic images. Complex trace attribute analysis was applied for petrophysical characterization. Surface contour maps of base and top of stratigraphic packages were constructed, which mapped the impactites and post- and pre-impact carbonate stratigraphy. Basin floor, marked by the contact between the impact breccias and overlying carbonates is shown by laterally discontinuous high-amplitude reflectors. Discontinuous scattered reflectors interpreted as the upper breccias beneath the crater floor, have an average thickness of ~300msm. The Paleogene sedimentary units are characterized by multiple reflectors with lateral continuity, which contrast with the seismic response of underlying breccias. The basal Paleocene sediments follow the basin floor relief. Upwards in the section, the carbonate strata are characterized by horizontal reflectors, which are interrupted by a regional unconformity. Onlap/downlap packages over the unconformity record a period of sea level change

Seismic imaging and attribute analysis of Chicxulub Crater central sector, Yucatán Platform, Gulf of Mexico

Chicxulub Crater, formed ~66Ma ago by an asteroid impact on the southern Gulf of Mexico, is the best preserved of the three large multi-ring basins in the terrestrial record. The crater structure is characterized by a semi-circular concentric ring pattern, marking the crater basin, peak ring, terrace zone and basement uplift. Analysis of a grid of 19 seismic reflection profiles using seismic attributes, marker horizons, contour surfaces and 3-D views is used to investigate the stratigraphy of the central zone. We used interactive software and routine applications to map the impact breccias, breccia-carbonate contact and post-impact carbonates. Four horizons marked by high-amplitude reflectors representing high-impedance contrasts were identified and laterally correlated in the seismic  images. Complex trace attribute analysis was applied for petrophysical characterization. Surface contour maps of base and top of stratigraphic packages were constructed, which mapped the impactites and post- and pre-impact carbonate stratigraphy. Basin floor, marked by the contact between the impact breccias and overlying carbonates is shown by laterally discontinuous high-amplitude reflectors. Discontinuous scattered reflectors interpreted as the upper breccias beneath the crater floor, have an average thickness of ~300msm. The Paleogene sedimentary units are characterized by multiple reflectors with lateral continuity, which contrast with the seismic response of underlying breccias. The basal Paleocene sediments follow the basin floor relief. Upwards in the section, the carbonate strata are characterized by horizontal reflectors, which are interrupted by a regional unconformity. Onlap/downlap packages over the unconformity record a period of sea level change

Fundamentos, características y eficacia de la Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional

En este trabajo se exponen los fundamentos, las características, y los principios conductuales en los que se basa la Psicoterapia Analítica Funcional (FAP) y sus recientes avances. Sus fundamentos son: (a) el análisis funcional de la conducta del cliente que ocurre durante la sesión, (b) las contingencias de reforzamiento natural y el moldeamiento que ocurren dentro de la sesión clínica, y (c) la equivalencia funcional del contexto clínico con la vida diaria del mismo. Se caracteriza por definir unos objetivos de intervención, las denominadas Conductas Clínicamente Relevantes (CCR) y también cinco reglas terapéuticas como orientaciones fundamentales para el terapeuta. La FAP hace hincapié en la relación cliente-terapeuta, y esto da la oportunidad de moldear y reforzar in situ las mejoras en la propia sesión clínica. Una sus mayores aportaciones es su teoría de la formación del Yo que permite hacer un refinado análisis de los problemas relacionados con la personalidad y su tratamiento. Se describen también los recientes estudios de efectividad y de eficacia de esta terapia con resultados muy positivos en distintos tipos de trastornos. Finalmente, se discute su integración con otras terapias de tercera generación, lo que produce efectos sinérgicos en los resultadosIn this work there are exposed the characteristics, the foundations and the behavioral roots that support the Functional Analytical Psychotherapy (FAP) and its recent advances. Their foundations are: (a) the functional analysis of the client’s direct behavior that happens during the session, (b) the shaping and natural contingencies of reinforcement that happen inside the clinical session, and (c) the functional equivalence between the clinical context and the daily life problems. As characteristics, FAP outlines some aims of intervention, referred to as Clinical Relevant Behavior (CRB); and also five therapeutic rules as fundamental guidance for the therapist. The FAP emphasized the client-therapist relationship, and this gives the opportunity to shape and to reinforce the improvements into the in situ clinical session. Their major conceptual contribution is the theory about the formation of Self, doing a refined analysis of the personality problems and its treatment. There are described also the recent studies of efficacy and effectiveness of this therapy with very positive results in different types of disorders. Finally, its integration with other therapies of third generation is discussed, which produces synergy effects in the result

Gestión de desechos peligrosos hospitalarios generados en los Centros de Salud de Latacunga para la elaboración de asientos alternativos, UA-CAREN, Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, periodo 2014 - 2015

This research provided medical care in Latacunga, and it also carries the generation hazardous waste that specifically to be directly exposed to the environment, they affect environmental factors such as water, soil and air which results can cause alteration in human health in the city. It was used a process, methods and techniques are conducted an analysis of the treatment provided to the hazardous waste in Latacunga, specifically in the district 05D01 Latacunga-Salud. The first step was to perform a diagnostic of the temporary provision, treatment and final disposal that is provided to the waste generated to know closely the routine procedures and visualize the problems caused by the same. The field research was able to identify the hazardous waste generated for the Health Centers....Brindar atención médica en la cuidad de Latacunga lleva consigo la generación de desechos específicamente peligrosos que al ser expuestos directamente al ambiente ocasiona impactos dentro del mismo afectando a factores ambientales como al agua, suelo y aire que deriva en la perturbación del bienestar de la salud humana de la ciudad. Mediante metodologías, métodos y técnicas se realizó un análisis del tratamiento que se brinda a los desechos peligrosos hospitalarios en el cantón Latacunga, específicamente en el Distrito 05D01 Latacunga-Salud. El primer paso fue realizar un diagnóstico de la disposición temporal, tratamiento y disposición final que se brinda a los desechos generados para conocer de cerca los procedimientos rutinarios y visualizar los problemas ocasionados por los mismos. Con la investigación de campo se logró identificar los desechos peligrosos generados...

SPECIFICATION A MODEL FOR STUDY OF SOCIAL WORK SUSTAINABILITY

Abstract –In 2025 per capita water availability will decrease to 150 gallons per day in the best for the communities near any aquifer.&nbsp;The water situation will worsen as the population density and the shortage becomes acute exacerbate unsafe, leading cause of death in children with hydrotransmitted diseases.&nbsp;Such a scenario requires theoretical reconceptualization enabling public policies, environmental agendas, public opinion and social work.&nbsp;In this sense, the objective of this paper is to present water situation to conceptualize from the thought of Enrique Leff (2002, 2004, 2008) and analyze their transformation into public agenda.&nbsp;Understanding the relationship between water situations, public opinion, political initiatives, scientific diagnoses, technohydrological innovations and media coverage will be critical for social work professionals in the near future. Keywords –Sustainability, Access, Knowledge and Rationality Agenda. &nbsp;ESPECIFICAÇÃO DE UM MODELO PARA ESTUDO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE DO TRABALHO SOCIAL &nbsp; Resumo - Em 2025, a disponibilidade de água per capita diminuirá para 150 galões por dia, no melhor para as comunidades próximas a qualquer aqüífero. A situação da água vai piorar à medida que a densidade populacional e a escassez se agravam de forma aguda e insegura, principal causa de morte em crianças com doenças hidrotransmitidas. Tal cenário requer uma reconceituação teórica viabilizando políticas públicas, agendas ambientais, opinião pública e trabalho social. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a situação da água para conceituar a partir do pensamento de Enrique Leff (2002, 2004, 2008) e analisar sua transformação em agenda pública. Compreender a relação entre situações hídricas, opinião pública, iniciativas políticas, diagnósticos científicos, inovações tecnohidrológicas e cobertura da mídia será fundamental para os profissionais do serviço social em um futuro próximo. &nbsp; Palavras-chave - Agenda de Sustentabilidade, Acesso, Conhecimento e Racionalidade &nbsp

Chronic Stress Triggers Expression of Immediate Early Genes and Differentially Affects the Expression of AMPA and NMDA Subunits in Dorsal and Ventral Hippocampus of Rats

Indexación: Web of Science; Scopus.Previous studies in rats have demonstrated that chronic restraint stress triggers anhedonia, depressive-like behaviors, anxiety and a reduction in dendritic spine density in hippocampal neurons. In this study, we compared the effect of repeated stress on the expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits in dorsal and ventral hippocampus (VH). Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and stressed groups, and were daily restrained in their motion (2.5 h/day) during 14 days. We found that chronic stress promotes an increase in c-Fos mRNA levels in both hippocampal areas, although it was observed a reduction in the immunoreactivity at pyramidal cell layer. Furthermore, Arc mRNAs levels were increased in both dorsal and VH, accompanied by an increase in Arc immunoreactivity in dendritic hippocampal layers. Furthermore, stress triggered a reduction in PSD-95 and NR1 protein levels in whole extract of dorsal and VH. Moreover, a reduction in NR2A/NR2B ratio was observed only in dorsal pole. In synaptosomal fractions, we detected a rise in NR1 in dorsal hippocampus (DH). By indirect immunofluorescence we found that NR1 subunits rise, especially in neuropil areas of dorsal, but not VH. In relation to AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunits, chronic stress did not trigger any change, either in dorsal or ventral hippocampal areas. These data suggest that DH is more sensitive than VH to chronic stress exposure, mainly altering the expression of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunits, and probably favors changes in the configuration of this receptor that may influence the function of this area.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00244/ful