Economía de la empresa

Descripció del recurs: 14 de desembre de 2012La presente obra ha sido pensada y realizada para cumplir una finalidad primordialmente pedagógica, la de facilitar la aproximación al estudio de las principales categorías conceptuales e institucionales del Derecho y de la Economía. En un entorno tan cambiante se impone la necesidad de adecuar de forma permanente los conocimientos teóricos a la realidad social. Este libro, que consta de varios capítulos temáticos, intenta dar una visión global de la gestión empresarial a los alumnos futuros ingenieros de edificación a través de la asignatura Economía de la Empresa que entendemos fundamental, no sólo en este grado universitario, sino en cualquier actividad formativa

Consideraciones para el buen gobierno de una empresa: la prevención de riesgos laborales, el código ético y los valores corporativos

Congreso Nacional de EBEN: XV Congreso Nacional de Ética de la Economía y de las Organizaciones. El Buen Gobierno de las OrganizacionesSin duda la responsabilidad social en las empresas es una cuestión fundamental en lo que al buen gobierno de las organizaciones se refiere. Es por este motivo que siempre se ha tenido en cuenta en el ámbito empresarial la problemática que conlleva la gestión de la empresa respecto a este tema, por ello la OIT en 1914 inició el camino en su declaración de los principios fundamentales y derechos humanos. Actualmente dentro del ámbito de la OIT hemos de destacar la Asociación de Empresarios Andinos de Colombia (ANDI) que han editado el “Manual de Balance Social de las Empresas” que facilita el análisis de la Responsabilidad Social. Las empresas ante la presión del entorno y especialmente los departamentos de Recursos Humanos han creado el ambiente cultural apropiado para que en sus estrategias empresariales se tenga en cuenta la proyección social de la empresa, es por ello, que las nuevas tendencias consisten en establecer una “Política Social” creando un Código Ético y unos valores corporativos así como un Balance Social donde se reflejan las concisiones de una empresa frente a su Responsabilidad Social y como conclusión, de este balance se realiza un informe social que se añade al informe económico anual de las empresas. Dentro de este Balance Social es importante destacar la problemática que conlleva la gestión de la prevención de riesgos laborales de una empresa, teniendo en cuenta no solo la presión legal sino incluso, la presión social representada por los sindicatos. Debe tenerse encuenta que el libro verde dedica un capítulo respecto a la Responsabilidad Social en cuanto a la prevención de riesgos laborales.Peer Reviewe

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Economía de la empresa

Descripció del recurs: 14 de desembre de 2012La presente obra ha sido pensada y realizada para cumplir una finalidad primordialmente pedagógica, la de facilitar la aproximación al estudio de las principales categorías conceptuales e institucionales del Derecho y de la Economía. En un entorno tan cambiante se impone la necesidad de adecuar de forma permanente los conocimientos teóricos a la realidad social. Este libro, que consta de varios capítulos temáticos, intenta dar una visión global de la gestión empresarial a los alumnos futuros ingenieros de edificación a través de la asignatura Economía de la Empresa que entendemos fundamental, no sólo en este grado universitario, sino en cualquier actividad formativa

Consideraciones para el buen gobierno de una empresa: la prevención de riesgos laborales, el código ético y los valores corporativos

Congreso Nacional de EBEN: XV Congreso Nacional de Ética de la Economía y de las Organizaciones. El Buen Gobierno de las OrganizacionesSin duda la responsabilidad social en las empresas es una cuestión fundamental en lo que al buen gobierno de las organizaciones se refiere. Es por este motivo que siempre se ha tenido en cuenta en el ámbito empresarial la problemática que conlleva la gestión de la empresa respecto a este tema, por ello la OIT en 1914 inició el camino en su declaración de los principios fundamentales y derechos humanos. Actualmente dentro del ámbito de la OIT hemos de destacar la Asociación de Empresarios Andinos de Colombia (ANDI) que han editado el “Manual de Balance Social de las Empresas” que facilita el análisis de la Responsabilidad Social. Las empresas ante la presión del entorno y especialmente los departamentos de Recursos Humanos han creado el ambiente cultural apropiado para que en sus estrategias empresariales se tenga en cuenta la proyección social de la empresa, es por ello, que las nuevas tendencias consisten en establecer una “Política Social” creando un Código Ético y unos valores corporativos así como un Balance Social donde se reflejan las concisiones de una empresa frente a su Responsabilidad Social y como conclusión, de este balance se realiza un informe social que se añade al informe económico anual de las empresas. Dentro de este Balance Social es importante destacar la problemática que conlleva la gestión de la prevención de riesgos laborales de una empresa, teniendo en cuenta no solo la presión legal sino incluso, la presión social representada por los sindicatos. Debe tenerse encuenta que el libro verde dedica un capítulo respecto a la Responsabilidad Social en cuanto a la prevención de riesgos laborales.Peer Reviewe

Neonatal Infection Due to SARS-CoV-2: An Epidemiological Study in Spain

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue to increase worldwide. Although some data from pediatric series are available, more evidence is required, especially in neonates, a group with specific characteristics that deserve special attention. This study aimed to describe general and clinical characteristics, management, and treatment of postnatal-acquired (community and nosocomial/hospital-acquired) COVID-19 neonatal cases in Spain. Methods: This was a national prospective epidemiological study that included cases from a National Registry supported by the Spanish Society of Neonatology. Neonates with postnatal SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in this study. General data and infection-related information (mode and source of transmission, age at diagnosis, clinical manifestations, need for hospitalization, admission unit, treatment administered, and complementary studies performed, hospital stay associated with the infection) were collected. Results: A total of 40 cases, 26 community-acquired and 14 nosocomial were registered. Ten were preterm newborns (2 community-acquired and 8 nosocomial COVID-19 cases). Mothers (in both groups) and healthcare workers (in nosocomial cases) were the main source of infection. Hospital admission was required in 22 community-acquired cases [18 admitted to the neonatal intermediate care unit (NIMCU) and 4 to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)]. Among nosocomial COVID-19 cases (n = 14), previously admitted for other reasons, 4 were admitted to the NIMCU and 10 to the NICU. Ten asymptomatic patients were registered (5 in each group). In the remaining cases, clinical manifestations were generally mild in both groups, including upper respiratory airways infection, febrile syndrome or acute gastroenteritis with good overall health. In both groups, most severe cases occurred in preterm neonates or neonates with concomitant pathologies. Most of the cases did not require respiratory support. Hydroxychloroquine was administered to 4 patients in the community-acquired group and to 2 patients in the nosocomial group. Follow-up after hospital discharge was performed in most patients. Conclusions: This is the largest series of COVID-19 neonatal cases in Spain published to date. Although clinical manifestations were generally mild, prevention, treatment, and management in this group are essential

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population