La autonomía local en la doctrina y en la jurisprudencia del tribunal constitucional

La Constitución Española de 1978 ofrece una escasa definición y contenido de la Autonomía local, no obstante, proporciona el marco para la configuración de este Principio General de la organización territorial del Estado. Así pues, van a ser la legislación de desarrollo, la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional y la doctrina científica quienes se ocuparán de esclarecer qué vamos a entender por autonomía de los entes locales para la gestión de sus intereses. En el presente trabajo nos centramos en el papel que han jugado y juegan, tanto la doctrina como la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional, en la configuración de esta institución jurídica, tratando de señalar las limitaciones dadas por su actual regulación en nuestra Carta Magna así como determinadas propuestas ante una eventual reforma constitucional.The Spanish Constitution of 1978 offers little definition and content of local autonomy, however, provides the framework for the setting of this General Principle of the territorial organization of the state. So will be the implementing legislation, the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court and the Constitutional theory who will address clarify what we mean by autonomy of local authorities to manage their interests. In this paper we focus on the role they have played and play, both the doctrine and the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, in the configuration of this legal institution, trying to point out the limitations given by its current regulation in our Constitution as well as certain proposals to a possible constitutional reform

La autonomía de los entes locales

The 1978 Constitution emphasizes because of the limited of the rules devoted to local entities and the configuration of local autonomy, so that will be the implementing legislation and case law to those concerned to give substance to this general principle of our territorial organization, without having managed to overcome the conceptualization between administrative and political autonomy. We have to add also the manifested improvement in the designed process, as in the opinion of the authors of this work will be needed sooner or later, the reform of the Constitution, but for that, all the doubts regarding the political will have to be solved to take seriously local autonomy.La Constitución de 1978 destaca por lo escaso de los preceptos dedicados a los entes locales y a la configuración de la autonomía local, por lo que serán la legislación de desarrollo y la jurisprudencia a quienes corresponda dar cuerpo a este principio general de nuestra organización territorial, sin que ambos hayan conseguido superar la conceptualización entre autonomía administrativa y política. A ello, hay que sumar lo manifiestamente mejorable que resulta el proceso diseñado, por lo que en opinión de los autores del presente trabajo será precisa, antes o después, la reforma de la Constitución, pero para ello habrán de resolverse las más que fundadas dudas acerca de la voluntad política de tomarse en serio la autonomía local.The 1978 Constitution emphasizes because of the limited of the rules devoted to local entities and the configuration of local autonomy, so that will be the implementing legislation and case law to those concerned to give substance to this general principle of our territorial organization, without having managed to overcome the conceptualization between administrative and political autonomy. We have to add also the manifested improvement in the designed process, as in the opinion of the authors of this work will be needed sooner or later, the reform of the Constitution, but for that, all the doubts regarding the political will have to be solved to take seriously local autonomy

La autonomía local en los orígenes del constitucionalismo español (1808-1873)

La autonomía de funcionamiento de las entidades locales españolas tiene su origen en la Edad Media, como consecuencia del fenómeno conocido como Reconquista. Con el advenimiento de la Monarquía Autoritaria y más tarde de la Monarquía Absoluta, ésta se extinguirá; la proclamación del Estado Constitucional implicará el reconocimiento constitucional de estas entidades, que partiendo de un modelo centralista francés, intentará la consolidación de una autonomía de carácter administrativo, produciéndose al respecto importantes avances y retrocesos en un largo proceso que afecta a todo el siglo XIX

Calibración y validación de modelos morfodinámicos para la caracterización de la erosión en presencia de pilas de puente

El Trabajo fin de Grado que se presenta a continuación se encuentra dentro del campo de la Mecánica de Fluidos Computacional. El objetivo es la calibración y validación de modelos morfodinámicos para la simulación de la erosión generada por flujos de lámina libre en presencia de pilas de puente.Se han utilizado modelos unidimensionales (1D) y bidimensionales (2D) para la formulación de la dinámica de flujo y del arrastre de material del fondo. Se han resuelto numéricamente mediante técnicas de volúmenes finitos desarrolladas por el Grupo de Hidráulica Computacional del Área de Mecánica de Fluidos.Se han realizado experimentos en un canal de laboratorio, generando flujos transitorios sobre lecho erosivo en diversas geometrías en los que se ha medido la evolución de la superficie erosionable. Para la toma de datos y su procesamiento posterior se ha empleado una cámara Kinect que permite reconstruir las superficies y obtener los resultados de forma digital. Estos datos se comparan, posteriormente, con las simulaciones en estado transitorio. Se ha recopilado información de la formulación empírica propuesta por el Departamento de Transporte de Estados Unidos (USDT), para la estimación de la acción erosiva de un flujo en estado estacionario en las proximidades de un puente. Se ha comparado esta información con los resultados de una simulación en estado estacionario.Las tareas aquí realizadas forman parte del proyecto de investigación del Grupo de Hidráulica Computacional de la Universidad de Zaragoza, Herramientas eficientes de alta precisión para la simulación y control de flujos PGC2018-094341-B-I00, cuyo objetivo es el desarrollo de un código propio de simulación para la predicción y control de fenómenos en flujos complejos.<br /

Are smart glasses feasible for dispatch prehospital assistance during on-boat cardiac arrest? A pilot simulation study with fishermen.

The aim of the study was to explore feasibility of basic life support (BLS) guided through smart glasses (SGs) when assisting fishermen bystanders. Twelve participants assisted a simulated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on a fishing boat assisted by the dispatcher through the SGs. The SGs were connected to make video calls. Feasibility was assessed whether or not they needed help from the dispatcher. BLS-AED steps, time to first shock/compression, and CPR's quality (hands-only) during 2 consecutive minutes (1st minute without dispatcher feedback, 2nd with dispatcher feedback) were analyzed. Reliability was analyzed by comparing the assessment of variables performed by the dispatcher through SGs with those registered by an on-scene instructor. Assistance through SGs was needed in 72% of the BLS steps, which enabled all participants to perform the ABC approach and use AED correctly. Feasibility was proven that dispatcher's feedback through SGs helped to improve bystanders' performance, as after dispatcher gave feedback via SGs, only 3% of skills were incorrect. Comparison of on-scene instructor vs. SGs assessment by dispatcher differ in 8% of the analyzed skills: greatest difference in the "incorrect hand position during CPR" (on-scene: 33% vs. dispatcher: 0%). When comparing the 1st minute with 2nd minute, there were only significant differences in the percentage of compressions with correct depth (1st:48 ± 42%, 2nd:70 ± 31, p = 0.02). Using SGs in aquatic settings is feasible and improves BLS. CPR quality markers were similar with and without SG. These devices have great potential for communication between dispatchers and laypersons but need more development to be used in real emergencies

ROS-Scavenging Enzymes as an Antioxidant Response to High Concentration of Anthracene in the Liverwort <i>Marchantia polymorpha</i> L.

Marchantia polymorpha L. responds to environmental changes using a myriad set of physiological responses, some unique to the lineage related to the lack of a vascular- and root-system. This study investigates the physiological response of M. polymorpha to high doses of anthracene analysing the antioxidant enzymes and their relationship with the photosynthetic processes, as well as their transcriptomic response. We found an anthracene dose-dependent response reducing plant biomass and associated to an alteration of the ultrastructure of a 23.6% of chloroplasts. Despite a reduction in total thallus-chlorophyll of 31.6% of Chl a and 38.4% of Chl b, this was not accompanied by a significant change in the net photosynthesis rate and maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm). However, we found an increase in the activity of main ROS-detoxifying enzymes of 34.09% of peroxidase and 692% of ascorbate peroxidase, supported at transcriptional level with the upregulation of ROS-related detoxifying responses. Finally, we found that M. polymorpha tolerated anthracene-stress under the lowest concentration used and can suffer physiological alterations under higher concentrations tested related to the accumulation of anthracene within plant tissues. Our results show that M. polymorpha under PAH stress condition activated two complementary physiological responses including the activation of antioxidant mechanisms and the accumulation of the pollutant within plant tissues to mitigate the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus

Resistive Switching and Charge Transport in Laser-Fabricated Graphene Oxide Memristors: A Time Series and Quantum Point Contact Modeling Approach

This work investigates the sources of resistive switching (RS) in recently reported laser-fabricated graphene oxide memristors by means of two numerical analysis tools linked to the Time Series Statistical Analysis and the use of the Quantum Point Contact Conduction model. The application of both numerical procedures points to the existence of a filament connecting the electrodes that may be interrupted at a precise point within the conductive path, resulting in resistive switching phenomena. These results support the existing model attributing the memristance of laser-fabricated graphene oxide memristors to the modification of a conductive path stoichiometry inside the graphene oxide.The authors thank the support of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under projects TEC2017-89955-P, TEC2017-84321-C4-3-R, MTM2017-88708-P and project PGC2018-098860-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE), and the predoctoral grant FPU16/01451

Escribir en la universidad: aplicación de nuevas tecnologías

Depto. de Lengua Española y Teoría de la LiteraturaFac. de FilologíaFALSEsubmitte

El uso del diccionario: creación de materiales didácticos multimedia

Este proyecto está destinado al desarrollo autónomo del uso del diccionario como instrumento de aprendizaje y enseñanza de la lengua en un Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje a través de la creación de materiales didácticos multimedia

Characterizing the Invasive Tumor Front of Aggressive Uterine Adenocarcinoma and Leiomyosarcoma

The invasive tumor front (the tumor-host interface) is vitally important in malignant cell progression and metastasis. Tumor cell interactions with resident and infiltrating host cells and with the surrounding extracellular matrix and secreted factors ultimately determine the fate of the tumor. Herein we focus on the invasive tumor front, making an in-depth characterization of reticular fiber scaffolding, infiltrating immune cells, gene expression, and epigenetic profiles of classified aggressive primary uterine adenocarcinomas (24 patients) and leiomyosarcomas (11 patients). Sections of formalin-fixed samples before and after microdissection were scanned and studied. Reticular fiber architecture and immune cell infiltration were analyzed by automatized algorithms in colocalized regions of interest. Despite morphometric resemblance between reticular fibers and high presence of macrophages, we found some variance in other immune cell populations and distinctive gene expression and cell adhesion-related methylation signatures. Although no evident overall differences in immune response were detected at the gene expression and methylation level, impaired antimicrobial humoral response might be involved in uterine leiomyosarcoma spread. Similarities found at the invasive tumor front of uterine adenocarcinomas and leiomyosarcomas could facilitate the use of common biomarkers and therapies. Furthermore, molecular and architectural characterization of the invasive front of uterine malignancies may provide additional prognostic information beyond established prognostic factors