Identificación de personas, mediante el etiquetado de prótesis completa. Revisión bibliográfica

The labelling of complete prostheses is important in therecognition of victims by natural or material disasters and inthe recognition of people with mental problems. At presentthere are different marking techniques that will be explainedin the present work. The objective of the review article is tomake known these techniques of marking completeprosthesis.El etiquetado de prótesis completa es importante en el reconocimiento de víctimas por desastres naturales, accidentes de tránsito, ataques terroristas   y en el reconocimiento de personas con problemas mentales. En la actualidad hay diferentes técnicas de marcado que serán explicados en el presente trabajo. El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer estas técnicas de marcaje de prótesis complet

Hacia la reutilización de la palma Attalea cohune Mart., Arecaceae (corozo): extracción y análisis preliminar del aceite esencial del corozo

The corozo palm Attalea cohune Mart., Arecaceae, is endemic of Central America, South of Mexico, and Colombia, it is fire resilient and was cultivated by the ancestral Mayan communities. Currently, only the nut is commercially exploited for its oil, which is limited by the nut hardness that rapidly wears the machinery. This study targets at long term the potential exploitation of the male flower inflorescences. Its first phase is to further the extracts characterization. The essential oil was extracted by vapor distillation from the corozo male inflorescences in two different stages of development (A=before and B=after the panicle blossomed), the extraction yield and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The laboratory extracting conditions were optimized. The A product was below 0.001%, while the anhydrous B product was 0.02%. The chromatogram peaks were preliminary assigned, by comparison with standards, as monoterpenoids: eucalyptol, linalyl acetate, alfa-terpineol, and neryl acetate. This compounds have relevance in the cosmetic industry, extraction at industrial level as well as organoleptic analysis will be performed. Further research is ongoing.La palma de corozo Attalea cohune Mart., Arecaceae es endémica de Centroamérica y parte de México y Colombia, es resiliente a incendios forestales y cultivada por las comunidades mayas ancestrales. El aroma de sus inflorescencias masculinas (InfMs) tiene relevancia actual en actividades de la religión católica, por su aroma característico. Se explota el fruto del coco, con la principal limitante del rápido desgaste de la maquinaria. Este estudio, a largo plazo, explora la diversificación en la explotación económica de la palma, siendo el aceite esencial de las InfMs uno de tales potenciales extractos. El aceite esencial fue extraído por destilación con vapor de agua de las InfMs de dos panículas, las cuales se encontraban en dos estadios de desarrollo de las InfMs (A=antes, y B=después de la floración de la panícula), se determinó el rendimiento de extracción y se analizó´ por cromatografía de gases acoplada a detector en llama, con comparación de estándares. Las condiciones de extracción en laboratorio fueron optimizadas. El producto A rindió menos del 0.001 %, mientras que el producto anhidro B fue de 0.02 %. Los picos de los cromatogramas fueron asignados preliminarmente, por comparación con estándares: eucalipto, acetato de linalilo, alfa-terpineol, y acetato de nerilo. Siendo el acetato de linalilo el compuesto mayoritario (análisis semicuantitativo). Estos compuestos son relevantes en la industria cosmética. Más investigaciones están en proceso

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

Estudios de Caso sobre Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales en el siglo XXI.

Libro científico sobre estudios de casos en el medio agropecuario y ruralCon el advenimiento del siglo XXI y el avance de los procesos de globalización, el medio rural presenta diversos cambios económicos, sociales, políticos y culturales. Lo anterior significa que el campo es un objeto de estudio altamente dinámico, complejo e inasible. las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales, en la actualidad, requieren de un abordaje sistémico e interdisciplinario que den cuenta de la heterogeneidad de situaciones y contextos que enfrenta el campo mexicano. La presente obra agrupa 18 estudios de caso, que capturan algunas fotografías de las diversas problemáticas de la ruralidad mexicana, con lo cual se pretende dar cuenta tanto de los objetivos de estudio como de la perspectiva teórico metodológico desde que estos son abordados. lo anterior tiene que ver con el hecho de que las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales manifiestan un alto grado de observación empírica, motivo por el que los estudios de caso se convierten en la perspectiva metodológica idónea que permite ir y venir de la realidad a la teoría y viceversa para la construcción de objetos de estudio. En este volumen se aborda una gran diversidad de casos, que sintetizan la heterogeneidad de enfoques y perspectivas mediante las cuales los fenómenos agropecuarios y rurales han sido abordados en el Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, en los últimos 30 años

Importancia del marcado de la prótesis dentaria en el reconocimiento de personas: descripción de dos técnicas

The recognition of people who lose their lives in natural disasters or accidents are complicated when the victims are total edentulous, therefore, the need to look for new forms of identification that are reliable and easy to be implemented. Taking into account this premise, a search of the information in the literature was carried out in order to demonstrate that the marking of dental prostheses is important in the recognition of people and that they can be implemented by the government of Peru. For which three marking techniques were chosen: QR code, Digital cards and Incorporation of metal band. A rigorous selection procedure of the information was carried out in the databases, Pubmed, Scielo and VHL (Virtual Health Library), with articles published between 2012-2019, in Spanish and English. 105 articles were found of which only 18 of them were chosen, which met the inclusion criteria. It is concluded that this technique is important in the identification of people, and it is suggested to consider its implementation in our country. At the end, two prosthesis marking techniques are presented on models taken from a simulator.  El reconocimiento de personas que pierden la vida en desastres naturales o accidentes se complica cuando las víctimas son edéntulos totales, por ende, la necesidad de buscar nuevas formas de identificación que sean confiables y fáciles de ser implementadas. Teniendo en cuenta esta premisa, se realizó una búsqueda de la información de la literatura con el objetivo de demostrar que el marcado de prótesis dentaria es importante en el reconocimiento de personas y que puede ser implementado por el gobierno del Perú. Para lo cual se eligieron tres técnicas de marcado siendo: Código QR, Tarjetas digitales e Incorporación de banda metálica. Se procedió a realizar una selección rigurosa de la información en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scielo y BVS (Biblioteca Virtual en Salud) de artículos publicados entre los años 2012-2019, en idioma  español e inglés. Se encontraron 105 artículos de los cuales se escogieron solo 18 de ellos, que cumplían con los criterios   de inclusión. Se concluye que esta técnica es importante en la identificación de personas, y se sugiere considerar su implementación en nuestro país. Al final se presentan dos técnicas de marcado de prótesis en modelos tomados a un simulador.

Elaboración de un curso de psicomotricidad para capacitar al personal de las Casas Cuna DIF del área de maternales de 2 a 4 años

Licenciatura en Pedagogí

Electrochemical Immunosensor Using Electroactive Carbon Nanohorns for Signal Amplification for the Rapid Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen

In this work, a novel sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the quantitative detection of the carcinoembryonic antigen, an important tumor marker in clinical tests. The capture antibodies were immobilized on the surface of a gold disk electrode, while detection antibodies were attached to redox-tagged single-walled carbon nanohorns/thionine/AuNPs. Both types of antibody immobilization were carried out through Au-S bonds using the novel photochemical immobilization technique that ensures control over the orientation of the antibodies. The electroactive SWCNH/Thi/AuNPs nanocomposite worked as a signal tag to carry out both the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen and the amplification of the detection signal. The current response was monitored by differential pulse voltammetry. A clear dependence of the thionine redox peak was observed as a function of the carcinoembryonic antigen concentration. A linear detection range from 0.001–200 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 0.1385 pg/mL were obtained for this immunoassay. The results showed that carbon nanohorns represent a promising matrix for signal amplification in sandwich-type electrochemical immune assays working as a conductive and binding matrix with easy and versatile modification routes to antibody and redox tag immobilization, which possesses great potential for clinical diagnostics of CEA and other biomarkers

Estudio neuropsicológico de la dismorfia muscular y del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo

"El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar y comparar las funciones ejecutivas (FE) y la memoria no verbal de un grupo de varones fisicoconstructivistas con sintomatología de dismorfia muscular (DM), con un grupo de varones que presentan sintomatología de

Estudio neuropsicológico de la Dismorfia Muscular y del Trastorno Obsesivo-Compulsivo

The objective of this study was to explore and compare Executive Functions (EF) and non-verbal memory of a group of male bodybuilders who have symptoms of Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) with a group of men who have Obsessive Compulsive Disorder symptoms (OCD) and a control group. It was found by administering neuropsychological tests that the bodybuilders show a limited capacity of EF in the inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, also moderate visuospatial deficits in non-verbal memory, whereas the group with OCD had higher performance deficiencies in the same skills. It is suggested to conduct more studies to avoid fragmented or contradictory knowledge between MD and OCD.El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar y comparar las funciones ejecutivas (FE) y la memoria no verbal de un grupo de varones fisicoconstructivistas con sintomatología de dismorfia muscular (DM), con un grupo de varones que presentan sintomatología del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC) y un grupo de control. Aplicando pruebas neuropsicológicas se encontró que los fisicoconstructivistas muestran una capacidad limitada de las FE en el control inhibitorio y flexibilidad cognitiva, con déficits visuoespaciales moderados en la memoria no verbal, mientras que el grupo con TOC presentó mayores deficiencias de rendimiento en las mismas habilidades. Se sugiere realizar más estudios para evitar un conocimiento fragmentado o contradictorio entre la DM y el TOC