Coumarin-Based Triapine Derivatives and Their Copper(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and mR2 RNR Inhibition Activity

A series of thiosemicarbazone-coumarin hybrids (HL1-HL3 and H2L4) has been synthesised in 12 steps and used for the preparation of mono- and dinuclear copper(II) complexes, namely Cu(HL1)Cl-2 (1), Cu(HL2)Cl-2 (2), Cu(HL3)Cl-2 (3) and Cu-2(H2L4)Cl-4 (4), isolated in hydrated or solvated forms. Both the organic hybrids and their copper(II) and dicopper(II) complexes were comprehensively characterised by analytical and spectroscopic techniques, i.e., elemental analysis, ESI mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR, IR and UV-vis spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and spectroelectrochemistry (SEC). Re-crystallisation of 1 from methanol afforded single crystals of copper(II) complex with monoanionic ligand Cu(L-1)Cl, which could be studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). The prepared copper(II) complexes and their metal-free ligands revealed antiproliferative activity against highly resistant cancer cell lines, including triple negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, sensitive COLO-205 and multidrug resistant COLO-320 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, as well as in healthy human lung fibroblasts MRC-5 and compared to those for triapine and doxorubicin. In addition, their ability to reduce the tyrosyl radical in mouse R2 protein of ribonucleotide reductase has been ascertained by EPR spectroscopy and the results were compared with those for triapine

Osmium(IV) complexes with 1H- and 2H-indazoles: Tautomer identity versus spectroscopic properties and antiproliferative activity

AbstractA one-pot synthesis of osmium(IV) complexes with two different tautomers of indazole, 1H-indazole and 2H-indazole, namely (H2ind)[OsIVCl5(2H-ind)] (1) and (H2ind)[OsIVCl5(1H-ind)] (2) is reported. Both compounds have been comprehensively characterized by NMR spectroscopy, ESI (electrospray ionization) mass spectrometry, electronic absorption spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and tested for antiproliferative activity in vitro in three human cancer cell lines, CH1 (ovarian carcinoma), A549 (non-small cell lung cancer) and SW480 (colon carcinoma), as well as in vivo in a Hep3B SCID mouse xeno-transplantation model. 2H-Indazole tautomer stabilization in 1 has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction

Coumarin-Based Triapine Derivatives and Their Copper(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and mR2 RNR Inhibition Activity

A series of thiosemicarbazone-coumarin hybrids (HL1-HL3 and H2L4) has been synthesised in 12 steps and used for the preparation of mono- and dinuclear copper(II) complexes, namely Cu(HL1)Cl2 (1), Cu(HL2)Cl2 (2), Cu(HL3)Cl2 (3) and Cu2(H2L4)Cl4 (4), isolated in hydrated or solvated forms. Both the organic hybrids and their copper(II) and dicopper(II) complexes were comprehensively characterised by analytical and spectroscopic techniques, i.e., elemental analysis, ESI mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR, IR and UV–vis spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and spectroelectrochemistry (SEC). Re-crystallisation of 1 from methanol afforded single crystals of copper(II) complex with monoanionic ligand Cu(L1)Cl, which could be studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). The prepared copper(II) complexes and their metal-free ligands revealed antiproliferative activity against highly resistant cancer cell lines, including triple negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, sensitive COLO-205 and multidrug resistant COLO-320 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, as well as in healthy human lung fibroblasts MRC-5 and compared to those for triapine and doxorubicin. In addition, their ability to reduce the tyrosyl radical in mouse R2 protein of ribonucleotide reductase has been ascertained by EPR spectroscopy and the results were compared with those for triapine

On the Electronic Structure of mer,trans−[RuCl3(1H−indazole)2(NO)]mer,trans-[RuCl_{3}(1 H -indazole)_{2}(NO)], a Hypothetical Metabolite of the Antitumor Drug Candidate KP1019: An Experimental and DFT Study

The study reported herein focused on the electronic structure of the {Ru(NO)}6 fragment and characterization of the oxidation state of ruthenium in mer,trans-[RuCl3(Hind)2(NO)] (1; Hind = 1H-indazole) resulting from the reaction of mer,trans-[RuCl3(H2O)(Hind)2] (2) with NO in acetone or solid-state Anderson rearrangement of (H2ind)2[RuCl5(NO)] at 180 °C. The results of X-ray diffraction, 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR, EPR, IR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, magnetic susceptibility, and XANES/EXAFS as well as theoretical data have been critically analyzed. The localized orbitals, domain-averaged Fermi holes, frontier orbitals, Mulliken population, and quantum theory of atoms-in-molecules (QTAIM) analyses are presented. In addition, mer,trans-[RuIIICl3(H2O)(Hind)2] (2) and trans-[RuIICl2(Hind)4] (3) were experimentally and theoretically investigated as reference compounds. A complete active space SCF calculation was performed to estimate the extent of antiferromagnetic spin–spin coupling in 1. We found that the closed-shell structure {RuIII(NO)0}6 fits better to the physical/spectroscopic properties of 1, although {RuII(NO)+}6 is formally still suitable for describing the oxidation state of Ru in this entit

Biological properties of novel ruthenium- and osmium-nitrosyl complexes with azole heterocycles

Since the discovery that nitric oxide (NO) is a physiologically relevant molecule, there has been great interest in the use of metal nitrosyl compounds as antitumor pharmaceuticals. Particularly interesting are those complexes which can deliver NO to biological targets. Ruthenium- and osmium-based compounds offer lower toxicity compared to other metals and show different mechanisms of action as well as different spectra of activity compared to platinum-based drugs. Novel ruthenium- and osmium-nitrosyl complexes with azole heterocycles were studied to elucidate their cytotoxicity and possible interactions with DNA. Apoptosis induction, changes of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and possible formation of reactive oxygen species were investigated as indicators of NO-mediated damage by flow cytometry. Results suggest that ruthenium- and osmium-nitrosyl complexes with the general formula (indazolium)[cis/trans-MCl4(NO)(1H-indazole)] have pronounced cytotoxic potency in cancer cell lines. Especially the more potent ruthenium complexes strongly induce apoptosis associated with depolarization of mitochondrial membranes, and elevated reactive oxygen species levels. Furthermore, a slight yet not unequivocal trend to accumulation of intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate attributable to NO-mediated effects was observed