Utility of EST-SNP Markers for Improving Management and Use of Olive Genetic Resources: A Case Study at the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba

Olive, the emblematic Mediterranean fruit crop, owns a great varietal diversity, which is maintained in ex situ field collections, such as the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (WOGBC), Spain. Accurate identification of WOGBC, one of the world’s largest collections, is essential for efficient management and use of olive germplasm. The present study is the first report of the use of a core set of 96 EST-SNP markers for the fingerprinting of 1273 accessions from 29 countries, including both field and new acquired accessions. The EST-SNP fingerprinting made possible the accurate identification of 668 different genotypes, including 148 detected among the new acquired accessions. Despite the overall high genetic diversity found at WOGBC, the EST-SNPs also revealed the presence of remarkable redundant germplasm mostly represented by synonymy cases within and between countries. This finding, together with the presence of homonymy cases, may reflect a continuous interchange of olive cultivars, as well as a common and general approach for their naming. The structure analysis revealed a certain geographic clustering of the analysed germplasm. The EST-SNP panel under study provides a powerful and accurate genotyping tool, allowing for the foundation of a common strategy for efficient safeguarding and management of olive genetic resources.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Utility of EST-SNP Markers for Improving Management and Use of Olive Genetic Resources: A Case Study at the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba

Olive, the emblematic Mediterranean fruit crop, owns a great varietal diversity, which is maintained in ex situ field collections, such as the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (WOGBC), Spain. Accurate identification of WOGBC, one of the world’s largest collections, is essential for efficient management and use of olive germplasm. The present study is the first report of the use of a core set of 96 EST-SNP markers for the fingerprinting of 1273 accessions from 29 countries, including both field and new acquired accessions. The EST-SNP fingerprinting made possible the accurate identification of 668 different genotypes, including 148 detected among the new acquired accessions. Despite the overall high genetic diversity found at WOGBC, the EST-SNPs also revealed the presence of remarkable redundant germplasm mostly represented by synonymy cases within and between countries. This finding, together with the presence of homonymy cases, may reflect a continuous interchange of olive cultivars, as well as a common and general approach for their naming. The structure analysis revealed a certain geographic clustering of the analysed germplasm. The EST-SNP panel under study provides a powerful and accurate genotyping tool, allowing for the foundation of a common strategy for efficient safeguarding and management of olive genetic resources.EEA San JuanFil: Belaj, Angjelina. Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; EspañaFil: Ninot, Antònia . IRTA; EspañaFil: Gómez-Gálvez, Francisco J. Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; EspañaFil: El Riachy, Milad. LARI. Department of Olive and Olive Oil; LíbanoFil: Gurbuz-Veral, Melek. Olive Research Institute. Department of Breeding and Genetics; TurquíaFil: Torres, Myriam Mariela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan; Argentina.Fil: Torres, Myriam Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lazaj, Adhurim. Qendra e Transferimit te Teknologjise Bujqesore; AlbaniaFil: Klepo, Tatjana.Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food. Center of Pomology; CroaciaFil: Paz, Sergio. Servicio de Transferencia de Tecnología Conselleria de Agricultura, Desarrollo Rural, Emergencia Climática y Transición Ecológica; EspañaFil: Ugarte, Javier. Gobierno de La Rioja. Servicio de Investigación Agraria y Sanidad Vegetal; EspañaFil: Baldoni, Luciana. National Research Council. Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources; ItaliaFil: Lorite, Ignacio J. Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; EspañaFil: Šatović, Zlatko .University of Zagreb. Department of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture; CroaciaFil: Šatović, Zlatko. Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv); CroaciaFil: de la Rosa, Raúl . Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; Españ

Evaluation of biofilm production, gelatinase activity, and mannose-resistant hemagglutination in Acinetobacter baumannii strains

Background and Purpose: Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen, but its pathogenic characteristics are not well defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate biofilm production, mannose-resistant hemagglutination, and gelatinase production in A. baumannii strains isolated from various clinical specimens. Methods: Eighty six strains of A. baumannii isolated from 86 hospital inpatients were studied for biofilm formation, gelatinase activity, and mannose-resistant hemagglutination. The isolates were identified using conventional techniques and/or the API 2ONE system. Comparisons of biofilm production, gelatinase activity, and mannose-resistant hemagglutination were made by chi-squared analysis. Results: Twenty two and 61 of the isolates agglutinated human group O and AB erythrocytes in the presence of mannose, respectively. Gelatinase activity was detected in 12 isolates (14%), while 64 isolates formed biofilms. Conclusions: Several parameters may play important roles in causing infection in colonized patients. Identifying the factors that influence virulence may help to separate the colonizing strains into those with high or low potential virulence. © 2008 Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection

Investigation of the Presence of Biofilms in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, Nonsuppurative Otitis Media, and Chronic Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Objective. Biofilms have been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of otolaryngologic infections. However, very limited studies have been undertaken to demonstrate the presence of biofilms in tissues from patients with chronic otitis media (COM) with or without cholesteatoma. Our objective is to study the presence of biofilms in humans with chronic suppurative and nonsuppurative otitis media and cholesteatoma. Study Design. In all, 102 tissue specimens (middle ear, mastoid tissue, and ossicle samples) were collected during surgery from 34 patients. Methods. The samples were processed for the investigation of biofilms by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results. Our research supports the hypothesis in which biofilms are involved in chronic suppurative otitis media, cholesteatoma, and, to a lesser degree, chronic nonsuppurative otitis media. There were higher rates in hypertrophic and granulated tissue samples than in normal mucosa. In addition, the presence of biofilms was significantly higher in the middle ear mucosa compared with the mastoid and ossicle samples. Conclusion. In the clinic, the careful use of topical or systemic antimicrobials is essential, and, during surgery, hypertrophic tissue must be carefully removed from normal tissue

Production of deep-fried corn chips using stale bread powder: Effect of frying time, temperature and concentration

In this study, utilization of stale bread powder was evaluated to produce low fat snack food formulation and for this purpose, corn chips were manufactured using stale bread at different concentrations. Response surface modeling technique was used to study the simultaneous effects of stale bread level (0 -50%), frying time (40-60 s) and frying temperature (170-190 degrees C) on some physicochemical, textural and sensory properties of corn chips enriched with stale bread powder. Also, optimization of processing variables was performed for desired products. Results indicated that the addition of stale bread into the formulation decreased the oil content of the final product up to addition of 25% stale bread level. The hardness and yellowness of samples decreased with the increasing of stale bread level; while, the dry matter and ash contents as well as firmness value and sensory scores of samples increased with the increasing stale bread level. Generally, corn chips produced with the addition of stale bread were more preferred by the panel compared to control samples. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd

PREDICTION OF LEAF WATER STATUS USING SPECTRAL INDICES FOR YOUNG OLIVE TREES

WOS: 000326911800012It is important to determine the plant water stress before it can reduce the yield or becomes visible. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between remotely sensed hyperspectral reflectance indices and leaf water status (LWS) of olive seedlings (Olea europaea L. cv. 'Ayvalik', 'D9', 'D36', 'Erdek Yaglik', 'Frantoio' and 'Gemlik') at different irrigation regime. A pot experiment was conducted in field conditions with 2-years old olive seedlings for the seasons 2011 and 2012. Four levels of water treatment were applied to the pots to bring about different stress conditions; no stress (I-100), mild stress (I-66), severe stress (I-33) and full stress (I-0). Leaf water potential (LWP) and relative water content (RWC) were determined to assess the LWS of the plants. In addition, canopy spectral reflectance was measured with a handheld spectroradiometer and several spectral vegetation indices were calculated using canopy reflectance data. Analysis showed that the irrigation requirement of Frantoio cultivar was the highest when compared to that of other cultivars, while the lowest amount of water was required by Ayvalik cultivar. According to the stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) analysis between spectral indices and LWS of olive seedlings, the coefficient of determination (R-2) of model between RWC and Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) was 0.70, while it was 0.81 between LWP and PRI, Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Pigment Chlorophyll Index (NPCI). Accordingly, it appeared that LWP could be detected more accurately than RWC using spectral indices. Results of this study indicated that the olive plant was very susceptible to water stress and the remotely sensed spectral data could be used to determine RWC and LWP as an indicator of water stress.General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy (GDAR)Gida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik BakanligiThis research was funded by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy (GDAR)

Effect of grapefruit juice on bioavailability of montelukast

WOS: 000316812400003PubMed ID: 22951980Objectives/Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to investigate possible interactions between grapefruit juice and montelukast for up to 4 hours. Study Design: A prospective, crossover study with 23 healthy volunteers was performed in two sessions. Methods: In the first session, volunteers were treated with oral montelukast 10 mg once daily with 250 ml water. After a 10-day washout period, the same volunteers were treated with 10 mg montelukast with 250 ml grapefruit juice. Blood samples were collected 2, 3, and 4 hours after drug administration and kept at 80 degrees C after both applications. Plasma samples were analyzed for montelukast concentration. Results: The mean plasma concentration of montelukast across all time intervals was significantly greater (P = 0.0001) for those given grapefruit juice (517, 484, and 440) versus those treated with water (366, 356, and 292). Moreover, with respect to the time the sample was collected, there was no significant difference (P = 0.13) in the mean total plasma concentration up to 4 hours after montelukast ingestion for either group. There was a significant difference between the groups according to the area under curve with regard to marginal and cumulative values for all different time intervals (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Plasma concentration of montelukast was higher when administered with grapefruit juice, as compared to with water. This may have been due to the effect of grapefruit on liver metabolism of montelukast and the cytochrome P450 system

GnRH agonist triggering affects the kinetics of embryo development: a comparative study

Background: To evaluate the effects of an ovulation triggering agent, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), versus a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) on early embryo development in vitro using a time-lapse system. Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database. A total of 739 embryos from 152 infertile couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Interventions : Embryo culture in a time-lapse incubator (EmbryoScope, Vitrolife, Goteborg, Sweden). Main Outcome Measures: Embryo morphokinetic parameters. Results: In the 152 women, 252 embryos were derived from GnRHa-triggered cycles compared with 487 embryos derived from hCG-triggered cycles. Time-lapse analysis revealed that embryos from cycles triggered by a GnRHa cleaved faster than embryos derived from hCG-triggered cycles. Conclusion: Triggering with a GnRHa in in vitro fertilization cycles affects embryo kinetics