Validación de la escala de Montreal como test de cribado en deterioro cognitivo en la esclerosis múltiple

La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad autoinmune desmielinizante, crónica y multifocal del sistema nervioso central, que afecta principalmente a adultos jóvenes y que provoca una importante discapacidad física y cognitiva. Se estima que entre un 45 y un 65% de los pacientes con EM padecen disfunción cognitiva. En los pacientes con EM el deterioro cognitivo adquiere típicamente un perfil subcortical -con alteración de las funciones ejecutivas, la velocidad de procesamiento y las habilidades visuoespaciales- y tiene grandes repercusiones en el desempeño laboral y en las actividades de la vida diaria. Las baterías neuropsicológicas empleadas tradicionalmente para la valoración del deterioro cognitivo en la EM son pruebas complejas que requieren de un tiempo prolongado de administración y, en algunos casos, de personal especializado para su interpretación. Es preciso, por tanto, disponer de test sencillos y rápidos que permitan detectar en unos minutos aquellos casos de EM que puedan presentar deterioro cognitivo y que puedan necesitar una valoración neuropsicológica especializada y un tratamiento precoz. La Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA Test) es un test de cribado que se ha validado en múltiples idiomas y que ha demostrado buena especificidad y sensibilidad en otras enfermedades que cursan con deterioro cognitivo con alteración disejecutiva, como la enfermedad de Parkinson..

La lectura emergente como estrategia metodológica para fortalecer la conciencia fonológica en preescolar y primaria

The emergent Reading is a process that starts from the birth and it develops strategies, knowledge and skills that are forerunners and facilitator of many conventional ways of reading and writing, that promote love in aspects as: literature, reading, and writing. In San Antonio de Padua Institution (IETISAP) it is observed a huge apathy concerning reading process, due to the lack of reading habits which leads to showing shortfalls in literacy process development affecting the academic results in students. This is why, it is necessary to analyze the emergent reading as a pedagogical strategy that promotes and improves the reading and writing process in a significant way. The purpose of this research will be to improve academic performance by strengthening phonological awareness to facilitate the reading and writing learning of the Transition and Primary students of IETISAP. The type of research is exploratory field, not experimental, quantitative approach, transectional type, and non-probabilistic population. The survey questionnaire will be used as a collection tool. The impact of this research will allow to develop skills and knowledge that facilitate teachers the teaching and learning process of reading and writing and introduce them to the formal process. For its execution we hope to have the support of pre-school and primary school teachersLa lectura emergente es un proceso que inicia desde el nacimiento y por el cual se desarrollan estrategias, conocimientos y destrezas que son precursoras y facilitadoras de las formas convencionales de lectura y escritura, que promueven el amor por la literatura, la lectura y la escritura. En la Institución educativa técnica industrial San Antonio de Padua (IETISAP) se observa una gran apatía frente al proceso lector, debido a la falta de hábitos lectores, lo que conlleva a presentar falencias en el desarrollo de las habilidades en la lecto-escritura que afecta notablemente los resultados académicos de los estudiantes. Por esta razón, se hace necesario analizar la lectura emergente como estrategia pedagógica que promueva y potencie los procesos lectores y escritores de manera significativa. La presente investigación tendrá como propósito mejorar el desempeño académico mediante el fortalecimiento de la conciencia fonológica para facilitar el aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura de los estudiantes de grado Transición y primaria de la IETISAP. El tipo de investigación es exploratorio de campo, no experimental , de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo transeccional, y población no probabilística. Se emplearán instrumento de recolección el cuestionario tipo encuesta. El impacto de esta investigación permitirá orientar el desarrollo de habilidades y conocimientos que faciliten a los docentes el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura e introducirlos al proceso formal. Para su ejecución esperamos contar con el apoyo de docentes de pre escolar y primari

Diseño De Un Sistema De Gestión Integral Para El Manejo De Residuos Sólidos En El Mercado “La Merced”

An integral management system was designed to handle solid waste from “La Merced” market in the city of Riobamba. For this purpose, a causeeffect relationship was established and an environmental diagnosis (base line) was made to know where the problem arose due to the mishandling of the solid waste. A random sampling was applied, which allowed it to know how many sample should be studied. The information was gathered in a seven day sampling period, March 16 -22 of 2015. The identification, characterization and quantification of the solid waste along with the identification of negative environmental impacts were carried out in order to pose alternative proposals for the integral management of the solid waste generated at this market. The results obtained showed an impact of moderate level (55%) with a mean of 550,38 kg/day. Profitable organic material was identified (85% plastic, 7% paper, 1% cardboard and 2% of other residuals). The calculated per capita production (PCP) was 0,18 kg/inhabitant/day. It is concluded that with the implementation of this research some of the environmental problems caused by the mishandling of the waste will diminish. It is recommended that the “Manual of Integral Management of Solid Waste” be implemented in “la Merced” market, which will contribute to pose solutions that help to improve the quality of life of the population, promoting an ecologically proper management of the waste, from its generation to its final disposal

Análisis dinámico de la relación del campo electromagnético con la sismicidad del departamento del Quindío

En este artículo se evidencia el estudio de variables físicas como el campo electromagnético, sismicidad y la implementación de sensores en diferentes países, en relación al departamento del Quindío- Colombia, con el fin de poder aplicarlos en este último y buscar una alternativa a la solución de la problemática de gestión del riesgo, y de esta forma tener una mayor organización al momento de atender un desastre natural como lo son los sismos

Risk and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis

Background and purpose Limited information is available on incidence and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study investigated the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related outcomes in patients with MS, and compared these with the general population. Methods A regional registry was created to collect data on incidence, hospitalization rates, intensive care unit admission, and death in patients with MS and COVID-19. National government outcomes and seroprevalence data were used for comparison. The study was conducted at 14 specialist MS treatment centers in Madrid, Spain, between February and May 2020. Results Two-hundred nineteen patients were included in the registry, 51 of whom were hospitalized with COVID-19. The mean age ± standard deviation was 45.3 ± 12.4 years, and the mean duration of MS was 11.9 ± 8.9 years. The infection incidence rate was lower in patients with MS than the general population (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70–0.80), but hospitalization rates were higher (relative risk = 5.03, 95% CI = 3.76–6.62). Disease severity was generally low, with only one admission to an intensive care unit and five deaths. Males with MS had higher incidence rates and risk of hospitalization than females. No association was found between the use of any disease-modifying treatment and hospitalization risk. Conclusions Patients with MS do not appear to have greater risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 outcomes compared with the general population. The decision to start or continue disease-modifying treatment should be based on a careful risk–benefit assessment.post-print996 K

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Multiple Sclerosis

To understand COVID-19 characteristics in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and identify high-risk individuals due to their immunocompromised state resulting from the use of disease-modifying treatments. Retrospective and multicenter registry in patients with MS with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and available disease course (mild = ambulatory; severe = hospitalization; and critical = intensive care unit/death). Cases were analyzed for associations between MS characteristics and COVID-19 course and for identifying risk factors for a fatal outcome. Of the 326 patients analyzed, 120 were cases confirmed by real-time PCR, 34 by a serologic test, and 205 were suspected. Sixty-nine patients (21.3%) developed severe infection, 10 (3%) critical, and 7 (2.1%) died. Ambulatory patients were higher in relapsing MS forms, treated with injectables and oral first-line agents, whereas more severe cases were observed in patients on pulsed immunosuppressors and critical cases among patients with no therapy. Severe and critical infections were more likely to affect older males with comorbidities, with progressive MS forms, a longer disease course, and higher disability. Fifteen of 33 patients treated with rituximab were hospitalized. Four deceased patients have progressive MS, 5 were not receiving MS therapy, and 2 were treated (natalizumab and rituximab). Multivariate analysis showed age (OR 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04-1.17) as the only independent risk factor for a fatal outcome. This study has not demonstrated the presumed critical role of MS therapy in the course of COVID-19 but evidenced that people with MS with advanced age and disease, in progressive course, and those who are more disabled have a higher probability of severe and even fatal diseas

Communication Notebook. No.6. Barichara: Between tradition and modernity

Esta colección de Editorial UNAB presenta reflexiones sobre asuntos de actualidad dentro de la comunicación social, escritos por profesores de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga e invitados especiales a la institución, como aporte al debate sobre este campo del conocimiento, el oficio y la profesión.Prefacio. - 5 Introducción, - 8 Barichara: identidad firme... identidad moldeable. - 13 Barichara: identidad, cultura y símbolos comunicativos. - 71 Desnudando identidades. - 101This collection of Editorial UNAB presents reflections on current issues within social communication, written by professors from the Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB and special guests at the institution, as a contribution to the debate on this field of knowledge, trade and profession

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Adelante / Endavant

Séptimo desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere "Purificación Escribano" de la Universitat Jaume

Diseases of hydric origin

El agua es un componente de la naturaleza en donde es posible encontrar toda clase de microorganismos, el agua ocupa 3/4 del plantea y es indispensable para la vida de animales, plantas,y seres humanos que habitamos la tierra. Con esta cartilla se busca decidir si de acuerdo a los microorganismos encontrados el agua es de una calidad deseable para un propósito particular, su calidad debe ser especificada en términos de uso como agua para consumo humano y animal, agua de riego, agua de recreación y cultivos, agua de uso industrial y laboratorios entre otros.El agua es aquella que, por reunir los requisitos físicos, químicos y micro-biológicos, puede ser consumida por la población humana sin efectos adversos sobre la salud dando a conocer mediante esta cartilla que la presencia en el agua de cualquier forma de materia en concentración que puede producir efectos negativos en la salud del ser humano, flora y fauna, o deterioro de la calidad de agua en usos benéficos. Esta cartilla da a conocer las enfermedades que son producidas por agua contaminada, enfermedades causadas por microorganismos afectando la salud pública, el agua potable y el saneamiento se relacionan con el derecho a la educación, es por esta razón que mediante esta cartilla se informa acerca de microorganismos que se encuentran en el agua y son causantes de no tener acceso agua descontaminada.Water is a component of nature where it is possible to find all kinds of microorganisms, water occupies 3/4 of the world and is indispensable for the life of animals, plants, and humans that inhabit the earth. With this book it is to decide if the microorganisms found the water are desirable quality for a particular purpose, its quality must be specified in terms of use of the water for human and animal consumption, irrigation water, recreational water and Crops, Industrial water and laboratories, among others. Water is one that, because it meets the physical, chemical and microbiological requirements, can be consumed by the human population without adverse effects on health by making known through this first that Presence in the water of any form of matter in concentration that can produce negative Effects on human health, flora and fauna, or deterioration of water quality in beneficial uses. This booklet discloses the diseases that are produced by contaminated water, diseases caused by microorganisms affecting public health, drinking water and sanitation are related to the right to education, it is for this reason that this primer is informed about Microorganisms that are in the water and are responsible for not having access to decontaminated waterPregrad