139 research outputs found
Los materiales en el diseño español
El presente trabajo muestra los resultados de un proyecto llevado a cabo
este curso 2011/2012 en el primer curso del grado en Ingeniería en Diseño
Industrial y Desarrollo de Producto de la Universitat Jaume I de Castelló. Se
trata de un proyecto coordinado entre las asignaturas Materiales I y
Expresión Artística I en el que se ha planteado un estudio por grupos de los
materiales empleados por diseñadores españoles de reconocido prestigio en
un diseño de su elección. Finalmente se les ha pedido a cada grupo que
realice un Google Site con el producto seleccionado donde se recoja la
información del producto, el tipo de material empleado para cada parte y el
efecto que esta selección ha tenido en la novedad del diseño. Así pues, este
proyecto ha perseguido un triple objetivo:
a) Concienciar al alumnado de primer curso de la interdisciplinaridad
de su perfil mediante la coordinación en una actividad de dos de
las asignaturas que, aparentemente, son más distantes en su
currículum y contenido.
b) Concienciar al alumno de la importancia de la ciencia de los
materiales en su formación como Ingenieros de Diseño y
Productos, cosa de la que la mayoría de los alumnos no son
conscientes hasta que se encuentran frente a un proyecto real de
diseño de producto.
c) Familiarizar a los alumnos con los materiales más comunes en el
mundo del diseño de producto, así como con las oportunidades
que estos materiales ofrecen desde un punto no solo técnico, sino
estético, e incluso artístico.Peer Reviewe
Optical test of the DS1 prototype concentrating surface
This paper describes the optical test of the DS1 prototype concentrating surface carried out by CTAER. The DS1 is a parabolic
Stirling dish developed under the framework of “SOLARDIS” project. The aim of this investigation was to characterize the DS1
prototype optical parameters. For this purpose the real and the theoretical flux distribution was calculated on a target placed at the
focal length and a comparison between them reported about the value of some relevant parameters. The theoretical flux
distribution was obtained by photogrammetry technique and ray tracing tools; the real flux distribution was measured by
photographic flux mapping technique of lunar images. The results comparison showed that the dish surface had an average
optical error of 2.5mrad (it includes errors due to deviation of surface normal vector and the effect of the specularity, but it does
not include the sun shape error) and an estimated spillage value of 7%, for this geometry
Local Development Applied to Energy Scheme
Manabí is a province with great potential, either in the agri-food sector or in the renewable generation of energy. However, the limitations inherited from traditional development models prevent achieving the sustainable development of this territory. This paper proposes a development model at the local level, aimed at achieving equity and, through the use of renewable energy sources and other potentials present in specific territories, to improve the quality of life and reduce the risks of societies present there. Through geographic information systems, it was possible to generate and display on maps information related to the energy demand at the provincial and cantonal levels, as well as the province's energy behavior considering the population density
Optical test of the DS1 prototype concentrating surface
This paper describes the optical test of the DS1 prototype concentrating surface carried out by CTAER. The DS1 is a parabolic
Stirling dish developed under the framework of “SOLARDIS” project. The aim of this investigation was to characterize the DS1
prototype optical parameters. For this purpose the real and the theoretical flux distribution was calculated on a target placed at the
focal length and a comparison between them reported about the value of some relevant parameters. The theoretical flux
distribution was obtained by photogrammetry technique and ray tracing tools; the real flux distribution was measured by
photographic flux mapping technique of lunar images. The results comparison showed that the dish surface had an average
optical error of 2.5mrad (it includes errors due to deviation of surface normal vector and the effect of the specularity, but it does
not include the sun shape error) and an estimated spillage value of 7%, for this geometry
Renewable Energy Sources on the Change of Energy Matrix in Manabí Province
The exploitation, distribution, and consumption of energy have caused the greatest environmental pollution on the planet and accelerated climate change; even though it has been the promoter of the social, economic development of many generations. Contemporary man can continue to increase his social development, but looking for alternatives to energy development. The work shows a model of energy development that will guarantee the sustainability of social development in the areas of the province of Manabí where energy arrives with low quality and in other places does not exist. The objective of the work is to propose the diversification of the energy matrix from the gradual and progressive introduction of technologies based on the use of renewable resources that it has was distributed in the territory of the province. This result will allow the use of indigenous renewable resources, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the quality of life of populations based on the principle of energy sustainability
Modification of Nafion Membranes with Polyaniline to Reduce Methanol Permeability
The modification of Nafion membranes with polyaniline (PAni) has been studied as an alternative for reducing methanol crossover in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). The modification has been performed by directly polymerizing the PAni following two different routes: immersion (Naf-S-Y, where S mean surface and Y the number of hours exposition) and crossover (Naf-C-Y, where C means crossover). The former consist of exposing the membranes to a reactive solution containing the aniline, oxidant and catalyst; while in the latter the aniline and a solution with the oxidant and the catalyst are in different chambers separated by the membrane, thus forcing them to react inside it. The effect of the modification mechanism and the reaction times has been studied. The resulting membranes were extensively characterized by means of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), ionic exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake (WU), methanol permeability and single direct methanol fuel cell performance. Chemical characterization revealed that the oxidation state of the polyaniline was in all cases emeraldine and the amount of PAni for an equivalent exposure time was bigger for the crossover route. The crossover route has proven to be more effective in decreasing the apparent methanol permeability of Nafion modified membranes up to 48% for the crossover sample with higher modification time when the polymerization is due inside the membrane such is the case of the composite Naf-C-Y membranes. The Direct Methanol Fuel Cells performances of membrane-electrode assemblies prepared with pristine Nafion and Nafion-PAni membranes were tested at 40, 60 and 80 degrees C under 2 M methanol concentration. The results are compared with those found for Nafion pristine membranes which power densities were 90, 65, 60 and 50 mW/cm(2) at 80 degrees C for Nafion, Naf-S-1, Naf-S-5 and Naf-C-2, membranes respectively.This research is in the frame of Support Program for Research and Development of the Polytechnic University of Valencia and the Ministry of Science and Innovation for funding provided through the projects: SP-ENE-20120718 and 24761, respectively.Gonzalez-Ausejo, J.; Cabedo Mas, L.; Gámez-Pérez, J.; Mollá Romano, S.; Giménez Torres, E.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2015). Modification of Nafion Membranes with Polyaniline to Reduce Methanol Permeability. Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 162(14):E325-E333. doi:10.1149/2.0521514jesSE325E3331621
La metodología de aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP) aplicada a asignaturas de ciencia de los materiales en ingeniería en la red IdM@ti
En este trabajo se va a presentar una experiencia docente llevada a cabo de forma coordinada entre profesorado de la red de innovación docente en ciencia de materiales IdM@ti. Se trata por tanto de una experiencia interuniversitaria que se ha desarrollado entre cuatro universidades públicas españolas de manera simultánea. Concretamente, el presente trabajo muestra la implementación y el desarrollo de la aplicación de la metodología de aprendizaje basado en proyectos en asignaturas de grados de ingeniería en el ámbito de ciencia de los materiales e ingeniería metalúrgica. Se presentan las experiencias llevadas a cabo durante los últimos cuatro años, mostrando los puntos fuertes y débiles de esta metodología, así como la problemática asociada a la implementación de la misma en asignaturas de curso general de grado. Se presentarán también los resultados obtenidos, así como las principales conclusiones a las que ha llegado el equipo de trabajo de la red IdM@ti
New perspectives for pharmacological chaperoning treatment in methylmalonic aciduria cblB type
Methylmalonic aciduria cblB type (MMA cblB) is caused by the impairment of ATP:cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase (ATR), the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) from cob(I)alamin. No definitive treatment is available for patients with this condition and novel therapeutic strategies are therefore much needed. Recently, we described a proof-of-concept regarding the use of pharmacological chaperones as a treatment. This work describes the effect of two potential pharmacological chaperones - compound V (N-{[(4-chlorophenyl)carbamothioyl]amino}-2-phenylacetamide) and compound VI (4-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)benzene-1,3-diol) - on six ATR mutants, including the most common, p.Arg186Trp. Comprehensive functional analysis identified destabilizing (p.Arg186Gln, p.Arg190Cys, p.Arg190His, p.Arg191Gln and p.Glu193Lys) and oligomerization (p.Arg186Trp and p.Arg191Gln) mutations. In a cellular model overexpressing the destabilizing/oligomerization mutations, compounds V and VI had a positive effect on the stability and activity of all ATR variants. When provided in combination with hydroxocobalamin a more positive effect was obtained than with the compounds alone, even in mutations previously described as B12 non-responsive. In addition, a normal oligomerization profile was recovered after treatment of the p.Arg186Trp mutant with both compounds. These promising results confirm MMA cblB type as a conformational disorder and hence, pharmacological chaperones as a new therapeutic option alone or in combination with hydroxocobalamin for many patients with MMA cblBThis work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and (grant
PI13/01239) plus grants from the Fundación Isabel Gemio and Obra
Social de La Caixa to BP; the Research Council of Norway [nr. 185181 to
AM], The KG Jebsen Foundation, and NovoSeeds (Novo Nordisk). AG
was supported by a Ramón y Cajal grant from the Ministerio de Ciencia y
Tecnología. This work was supported also by the European Regional
Development Fund (PI13/01239
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