Comparative study on the mood of sports persons and non-sports persons during the pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about unprecedented challenges, affecting mental health and well-being. It has severely affected the various attributes of the personality of an individual. Sports persons, who often rely on structured routines, physical activity, and social interactions for their mental health, faced unique challenges during the pandemic. Similarly, non-sports persons encountered their own set of challenges, such as disrupted daily routines and social isolation. This study aimed to compare the mood of sports persons and non-sports persons during the pandemic using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. A sample size of 30 individuals, 15 for each group (sports and non-sports), aged between 20 and 25 years, was selected. Sports persons were those who participated in inter-university competitions, and non-sports persons were those who did not participate in any sports activity. The t-test was used for statistical analysis to compare the data of both groups. The results showed a significant difference in mood disturbance levels between the two groups, with non-sports persons exhibiting higher levels of mood disturbance. The findings suggest that engaging in sports activities can have a positive impact on mental health during the pandemic

Time–cost trade-off analysis using the precedence diagram method in residential construction projects: A case study in Bali, Indonesia

Construction project delays remain a major challenge in the construction industry because they significantly affect project cost, productivity, and overall project performance. Residential construction projects in tourism-oriented regions such as Bali are particularly vulnerable to schedule deviations due to design changes, labor shortages, and coordination problems, which may reduce investment performance and operational readiness. Therefore, effective project acceleration strategies are required to minimize delays while maintaining cost efficiency. This study aims to analyze the time–cost trade-off resulting from project acceleration using the Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) and crashing techniques in the Brand New Modern Villa Berawa Canggu Project, Bali, Indonesia. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach using primary and secondary project data, including work schedules, labor productivity, overtime wages, and project cost data. PDM analysis was conducted using Microsoft Project to identify critical activities, followed by crashing analysis through overtime work and additional labor allocation. The results indicate that project acceleration successfully reduced the project duration from 413 calendar days to 392 calendar days, resulting in a total time efficiency of 21 days.&nbsp

Determinants of variation orders and their impact on cost overrun in coastal construction projects: A case study in Bali, Indonesia

Cost overruns remain a persistent challenge in construction projects, particularly in environmentally complex settings such as coastal areas. This study aims to analyse the determinants of variation orders and their impact on cost overruns in coastal construction projects, using a case study in Bali, Indonesia. A quantitative approach was adopted, with data collected through structured questionnaires from 30 construction professionals, including project managers, engineers, and quantity surveyors. The data were analysed using multiple linear regression to examine the influence of design, specification, safety, and scope-related factors on cost overruns. The results indicate that variation orders have a significant effect on cost overruns, both simultaneously and partially. Among the examined variables, scope changes were identified as the most dominant factor, followed by design, safety, and specification factors. These findings suggest that instability in project scope, combined with design revisions and operational adjustments, plays a critical role in driving cost escalation. Importantly, this study reveals that variation orders in coastal construction projects are not solely driven by internal project factors but are also strongly influenced by environmental uncertainty, such as tidal conditions, shoreline dynamics, and regulatory requirements.&nbsp

Management method for implementation of raft foundation casting with large volume: Case study on the cyclone preheater tower foundation of Indarung VI PT Semen Padang

Managing the casting of large-volume raft foundations for the Cyclone Preheater Tower Foundation project required a supply of K-300 kg/cm2 ready-mix concrete. The raft foundation dimensions were 39,900 mm * 27,900 mm * 3,000 mm, with a volume of 3,338 m3. The casting had to be completed within six calendar days, a very tight timeframe for such a large volume of concrete. To ensure successful implementation and prevent additional timeframes, coordination between all parties involved in the project is essential at all stages. There are six stages of implementation: 1. Contractor collaboration with the batching plant company, 2. Reporting the results of the contractor-batch plant collaboration to the owner through the supervising consultant, 3. Casting preparation, 4. Concrete treatment before casting, 5. Concrete treatment during casting, 6. Concrete maintenance/curing

Analysis productivity and its impact on time and cost of implementation of the private residence project structure work

The construction project of Mrs. Tiya & Mr. Tom's Private Residence in Kemenuh-Gianyar is a 3-story villa development chosen as a case study due to discrepancies between the consultant's plans and the actual field conditions. This necessitated a method to optimize work completion. One proposed solution for accelerating the project was to add more workers. Based on the initial plan, the project required 104 days (3 months and 2 weeks) for completion, with a total structural work cost of Rp. 703,803,162.24. After analysis with the alternative of adding more workers, the project completion duration could return to the schedule of 90 days (3 months) or be accelerated by 12 days (2 weeks), with a total cost of Rp. 671,298,258.93. This concludes that adding more workers is an effective method to increase time efficiency by 14.29% and decrease costs by 4.6%, or the equivalent of Rp. 32,504,903.31

Fuzzy risk analysis for field condition, external, and technical risk factors in Subsea Pipeline Construction Projects to improve contingency cost accuracy

This study focuses on identifying the relationship between risk factors related to environmental conditions, external factors, and technical aspects that affect the cost performance of underwater pipeline construction projects. The main objectives of this study are to understand the qualitative risk assessment that affects the contingency cost performance of underwater pipeline construction projects, and to identify the relationship between various risk factors. The methodology in this study involves a case study approach on a submarine pipeline project in the Java Sea, utilizing historical analysis and expert information to identify potential risks and their impacts on project costs using fuzzy-based qualitative and quantitative analysis. The study found two field condition risk factors, one external risk and thirteen technical risk factors in a submarine pipeline construction project using the S-Lay method. In an academic context, this study conducts an in-depth and detailed analysis of the identification stage, analysis, classification of risk levels (field conditions, external and technical), relationships between risk variables, corrective actions, corrective action costs, and contingency cost analysis. The results of the analysis help in estimating project costs in more detail

Combining hydraulic roughness measurement results with Manning's roughness coefficient in drainage channels: A case study of drainage channels in Denpasar City, Bali Province

To measure its reliability, the quality of work and materials should be assessed using objective tools and methods. For example, concrete quality is measured using tools and methods of compression testing or a hammer test tool; the results are expressed in terms of characteristic compressive strength (f'c). Steel quality is determined by the tensile test method, and the quality or strength is expressed in tensile strength (fy). The quality of the highway surface is determined by the roughness test method using the NAASRA roughness meter and the results are expressed with good, moderate and poor criteria, correlated with the International Roughness Index (IRI) value, namely good roughness if the IRI value is <75 inches/mile, moderate for IRI values between 70-170 inches/mile and poor IRI > 170 inches/mile. The hydraulic quality of the drainage channel surface to date cannot be determined with objective tools and methods. Similar to the quality of the road surface, the hydraulic quality of the channel is also determined based on the criteria: good, moderate/normal, and poor, correlated with the Manning roughness coefficient; the difference is that there is no objective value for the good, moderate, and poor criteria.

Development of information systems on the integration of EDGE certification, BIM and WBS implementation in operational and maintenance work of flats in DKI Jakarta Province to increase effectiveness and efficiency of time and cost

The construction of flats is one of the efforts of the DKI Jakarta Government to provide decent housing as mandated in Law No. 20 of 2011 and to address the housing backlog in DKI Jakarta Province. Limited land availability means that house construction must be carried out vertically with complexity in its operation and maintenance. This study aims to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of time and costs in the operational and maintenance work of flats in DKI Jakarta Province through the development of an information system for the application of EDGE Certification, BIM, and WBS integration. The methodology used is a questionnaire and interviews involving many experts, namely EDGE Experts and BIM Experts, and related respondents. The results of the study prove that the Development of an Information System for the Integration of the Application of EDGE Certification, BIM, and WBS in the Operational and Maintenance Work of Flats in DKI Jakarta Province can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of time and costs with a linear equation Y = 1.208 + 0.089 X1 + 0.322 X2 + 0.499 X3 – 0.161 X4

Ergonomics risk factors analysis of building construction work in SARBAGITA Region Bali Indonesia

The main objective of this research is to analyze Ergonomics Risk Factors and MSDs Rate in building construction work in the SARBAGITA area of Bali, Indonesia. SARBAGITA, an acronym for Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, and Tabanan, is the largest metropolitan area in the Nusa Tenggara Islands and the second largest in the Eastern Indonesia Region after the metropolitan city of Mamminasata in South Sulawesi. Therefore, various infrastructure facilities have been developed, including office buildings, hotels, and other public facilities. The development of infrastructure in the SARBAGITA can be seen through the number of active construction companies. In 2020, the number of active construction companies was 987, decreased slightly during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021 to 883, and rose again to 997 in 2022. If each company has at least one construction project, then the number of active projects in 2022 was 997. Construction work is very complex, especially in building construction. Involving a large number of workers with varied backgrounds, most of the work is carried out outdoors, using a variety of heavy-duty equipment, and involving hazardous materials. Construction work has a high risk of accidents and work-related diseases from aspects of biology, physics, chemistry, ergonomics, and even psychology.&nbsp

Integration of ergonomic principles in the design and construction of car wheel polishing tools to improve operator performance

The use of manual tools in the process of polishing car wheels is still widely found in variety workshops, which has an impact on low work efficiency and high physical load of operators. This research aims to design and build ergonomics-based car wheel polishing tools to improve operator efficiency and work comfort. The method used is design and construction with an ergonomic approach, starting from identifying user needs, collecting anthropometric data, to testing the functional of the tool. The design of the tool was adjusted to the anthropometric data of 10 workshop operator respondents, resulting in a tool with dimensions of 100 cm × 70 cm × 120 cm. The evaluation was carried out by comparing the polishing performance manually and using tools in terms of working time, fatigue level (Borg CR-10), and work posture (RULA). The results showed that the average polishing time decreased from 65 minutes (manual) to 12.3 minutes (using tools), with a time efficiency of 80.8%. The fatigue score decreased from 7.6 to 2.9, and the RULA score showed a decrease in ergonomic risk from high to moderate-low. The paired t-test showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) across the parameters tested.&nbsp