Prediction of users’ future requests using neural network

With the rapid growth of the World Wide Web, finding useful information from the Internet has become a critical issue. Automatic classification of user navigation patterns provides a useful tool to solve these problems. In this paper, we propose an approach for classification of users’ navigation patterns and prediction of users’ future requests. Users’ profiles are constructed based on Web log server files and one of clustering methods is implemented to users’ profiles for assigning navigation patterns. Finally, using neural network, recommender engine produces a relevant recommendation list of web pages to the active user. The preliminary results indicate that the proposed approach has high accuracy and coverage in prediction of users’ future requests

Neuroinspired unsupervised learning and pruning with subquantum CBRAM arrays.

Resistive RAM crossbar arrays offer an attractive solution to minimize off-chip data transfer and parallelize on-chip computations for neural networks. Here, we report a hardware/software co-design approach based on low energy subquantum conductive bridging RAM (CBRAM®) devices and a network pruning technique to reduce network level energy consumption. First, we demonstrate low energy subquantum CBRAM devices exhibiting gradual switching characteristics important for implementing weight updates in hardware during unsupervised learning. Then we develop a network pruning algorithm that can be employed during training, different from previous network pruning approaches applied for inference only. Using a 512 kbit subquantum CBRAM array, we experimentally demonstrate high recognition accuracy on the MNIST dataset for digital implementation of unsupervised learning. Our hardware/software co-design approach can pave the way towards resistive memory based neuro-inspired systems that can autonomously learn and process information in power-limited settings

Evaluation of anti-cancer effect of Peganum harmala L hydroalcholic extract on human cervical carcinoma epithelial cell line

زمینه و هدف: سرطان دهانه رحم دومین سرطان شایع در زنان می باشد. اسپند گیاهی طبی بوده و یکی از فراورده های بومی به کار رفته جهت درمان سرطان در ایران می باشد. این گیاه دارای خواص ضد باکتریایی، ضد سرطانی، ضد قارچ، ضد زخم معده می باشد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر ضد سرطانی عصاره ی هیدروالکلی دانه گیاه اسپند انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی پس از کشت و تکثیر سلول های مشتق شده از بافت اپیتلیال گردن رحم انسان (HeLa)، این سلول ها در مجاورت دوزهای مختلف عصاره هیدروالکلی دانه اسپند (5/12،25،50 و g/mlµ 100) قرار گرفتند و به مدت 24،48 و 72 ساعت انکوبه شدند. پس از پایان مدت انکوباسیون، از روش تغییر یافته آزمون رنگ سنجی MTT (3- (4 و 5 دی متیل تیازول 2- ایل)-2،5 - دی فنیل تترازولیوم برماید) جهت تعیین سمیت سلولی عصاره استفاده شد. یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از تست MTT نشان داد که این عصاره اثر ضد سرطانی وابسته به دوز و زمان بر سلول های HeLa دارد، به طوری که با افزایش غلظت عصاره و انکوباسیون 72 ساعت بیشترین درصد مرگ سلولی مشاهده شد (001/0>P). غلظت مهارکنندگی 50 درصد رشد سلول ها (IC50) برای سلول های سرطانی در زمان 24 ساعت g/mlµ 5/12 به دست آمد. نتیجه گیری: عصاره اسپند با اثر وابسته به دوز و زمان بر سلول های سرطانی HeLa می تواند باعث مهار رشد این سلول ها شود؛ لذا به نظر می رسد با تحقیقات بیشتر در آینده، می توان از ترکیبات آن در درمان سرطان بهره جست

Translation and psychometric properties of the 'Ethical Conflict in Nursing Questionnaire-Critical Care Version' in Iran

Introduction: Ethical conflict is one of ICU nurses' main problems, which rise for several reasons that must be measured. Unfortunately, there is no native instrument for measuring ethical conflicts for ICU nurses in Iran. One of the more suitable and new tools for the measurement of ethical conflict is called the "Ethical Conflict in Nursing Questionnaire: Critical Care Version (ECCNQ-CCV)." This study was aimed to translate and investigate psychometric properties of the ECCNQ-CCV in Iranian nurses. Methods: In this methodological study, after translation and cultural adaptation, face validity, content validity, and construct validity were assessed. Then, internal consistency and stability were measured for reliability. Two software programs (SPSS version 20 and AMOS) were used for data analysis. Result: Face and content validities were acceptable. Confirmatory factor analysis was not fitted. Thus, exploratory factor analysis was done, which showed five factors. However, some of the scenarios in a factor were not compatible with each other, and choosing the fit name for factors was not possible. Thus, all the scenarios were put into one factor, which has been proposed by the developer in the original version. The alpha Cronbach was 0.92 for the total scale. Conclusions: Findings show that the one factor Persian version of the ECNQ-CCV has acceptable psychometric properties. It can be used to evaluate ethical conflicts in Iranian ICU nurses

Effect of a participatory intervention to reduce the number of unnecessary cesarean sections performed in Shahrekord, Iran

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: در سال های اخیر در کل جهان و از جمله ایران روند رو به رشد سزارین به چشم می خورد. در شهرکرد در سال 1380 سزارین 49 زایمان ها را به خود اختصاص داده است. در دنیا رویکرد جدیدی جهت کمک گرفتن از نیروهای مردمی در حل مشکلات سلامتی بوجود آمده است. در این تحقیق نقش مشارکت گروههای مردمی در کاهش میزان سزارین مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش بررسی: در یک مطالعه میدانی (فیلد تریال) 171 زن باردار که سابقه قبلی سزارین نداشتند و کمتر از 3 بار زایمان داشته اند از زنان باردار به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ساختار یک گروه مردمی متشکل از پزشکان، ماماها، پرستاران علاقمند، زنان خانه دار، معلمین، رابطین بهداشتی، پرسنل بهداشت خانواده، خانم های فروشنده و نمایندگانی از سازمان های غیر دولتی فعال شهر شکل گرفت. این گروه، زنان باردار انتخاب شده را از طریق آموزش ترغیب به انجام زایمان طبیعی نمود. رضایت زنان باردار از آموزش ها و فراوانی سزارین قبل و بعد از مداخلات جمع آوری و با استفاده از آزمون های آماری t زوجی و مک نمار تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. یافته ها: در این مطالعه 70 زنان باردار از آموزش های ارائه شده راضی بودندو فراوانی سزارین از63 قبل از اجرای طرح به 52 بعد از انجام مداخلات کاهش داشت (05/0

Episcleral Venous Pressure and the Ocular Hypotensive Effects of Topical and Intracameral Prostaglandin Analogs.

There is a limit beyond which increasing either the concentration of a prostaglandin analog (PGA) or its dosing frequency fails to produce increases in ocular hypotensive efficacy with topical dosing. Intracameral PGA dosing with a bimatoprost implant, however, does not exhibit the same intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering plateau at studied concentrations, and the maximum-achievable ocular hypotensive effects are not yet known. This suggests that the bimatoprost intracameral implant may activate another mechanism of action in addition to the mechanism(s) activated by topical application. Episcleral venous pressure (EVP) is a key determinant of IOP, and experimental manipulation of the episcleral vasculature can change both EVP and IOP. The recent observation that topical and intracameral PGA drug delivery routes produce different patterns of conjunctival hyperemia suggested that the differences in the IOP-lowering profiles may be caused by differing effects on the episcleral vasculature. Recent experiments in animals have shown that topical PGAs increase EVP, while the bimatoprost intracameral implant causes a smaller, transient increase in EVP, followed by a sustained decrease. The increase in EVP could be limiting the IOP-lowering efficacy of topical PGAs. In contrast, the decrease in EVP associated with the bimatoprost implant could explain its enhanced IOP-lowering effects. Further research on EVP as a target for IOP lowering is indicated to improve our understanding of this potentially important pathway for treating patients with glaucoma

Editorial: Erythropoietin for Optic Neuritis

This article is an Editorial and does not include an Abstract.&nbsp

Trust in Electronic Commerce: A New Model for Building Online Trust in B2C

The rapid growth in the electronic commerce over the internet has fuelled predictions and speculations about what makes a business to consumer (B2C) web site effective. Increasing use of the World Wide Web as a B2C commercial tool raises interest in understanding the key issues in building relationships with customers on the internet. Trust is believed to be the key to these relationships. In this paper, an overall model has presented for building online trust in this context. This model outlines some of the key factors that are related in this area and suggests a framework based on these factors. With respect to the position and importance of the trust in online commerce, this model helps businesses in order to capture, sustain and construct long-term relationships with their consumers.               Keywords: E-Trust, Reverse engineering, Business-consumer web sites, online shopping, Web desig

Preliminary Introduction to Virtual Prototyping of Jet Engine Components by Means of Aerodynamic Design

The goal of the present paper is to provide a short introduction about the ongoing research project in conjunction with virtual prototyping of jet engine components. Several sampling phases can be omitted by computational technology and so significant amount of cost, time and capacity can be saved. Although the steps of the presented process are performed for the components belong to different applications, it can be extended and used for certain engine and its parts also. A concentrated parameter distribution-type method has been developed and implemented to analyse the thermodynamic characteristics of a jet engine by considering the expected specification. Mass and energy balance with realistic thermodynamic conditions are applied in the analytical approach. Mean line design of the compressor and turbine unit can be performed, by which the geometrical sizes of the compressor and turbine will be the output of the method following the 3D extension of the blading. Based on the available dimensions, including the other components, the 3D model of the gas turbine can be prepared in a CAD software. Following the verification of the design, CFD analyses can help to crosscheck the differences between the expected and the computed characteristics of the engine. The results of the simulations can be compared with the available measured and/or previously calculated data for validation and verification purposes and conclusions can be drawn about the accuracy and the efficiency of the used analytical and numerical methods. Inverse design method is a preferable tool to increase static pressure rise, the mass flow rate per unit length in the vanned diffuser of the compressor unit. The results of the inverse design method can be verified by a commercial CFD code via specific test case