35 research outputs found
Liquid Argon Instrumentation and Monitoring in LEGEND-200
LEGEND is the next-generation experiment searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay in Ge. The first stage, LEGEND-200, takes over the cryogenic infrastructure of GERDA at LNGS: an instrumented water tank surrounding a 64 m liquid argon cryostat. Around 200 kg of Ge detectors will be deployed in the cryostat, with the liquid argon acting as cooling medium, high-purity passive shielding and secondary detection medium. For the latter purpose, a liquid argon instrumentation is developed, based on the system used in GERDA Phase II. Wavelength shifting fibers coated with TPB are arranged in two concentric barrels. Both ends are read out by SiPM arrays. A wavelength shifting reflector surrounds the array in order to enhance the light collection far from the array. The LLAMA is installed in the cryostat to permanently monitor the optical parameters and to provide in-situ inputs for modeling purposes.
The design of all parts of the LEGEND-200 LAr instrumentation is presented. An overview of the geometry, operation principle, and off-line data analysis of the LLAMA is shown
Risk factors for systemic reactions in typical cold urticaria: Results from the COLDâCE study
Background: Cold urticaria (ColdU), that is, the occurrence of wheals or angioedema in response to cold exposure, is classified into typical and atypical forms. The diagnosis of typical ColdU relies on whealing in response to local cold stimulation testing (CST). It can also manifest with cold-induced anaphylaxis (ColdA). We aimed to determine risk factors for ColdA in typical ColdU.
Methods: An international, cross-sectional study COLD-CE was carried out at 32 urticaria centers of reference and excellence (UCAREs). Detailed history was taken and CST with an ice cube and/or TempTestÂź performed. ColdA was defined as an acute cold-induced involvement of the skin and/or visible mucosal tissue and at least one of: cardiovascular manifestations, difficulty breathing, or gastrointestinal symptoms.
Results: Of 551 ColdU patients, 75% (n = 412) had a positive CST and ColdA occurred in 37% (n = 151) of the latter. Cold-induced generalized wheals, angioedema, acral swelling, oropharyngeal/laryngeal symptoms, and itch of earlobes were identified as signs/symptoms of severe disease. ColdA was most commonly provoked by complete cold water immersion and ColdA caused by cold air was more common in countries with a warmer climate. Ten percent (n = 40) of typical ColdU patients had a concomitant chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). They had a lower frequency of ColdA than those without CSU (4% vs. 39%, p = .003). We identified the following risk factors for cardiovascular manifestations: previous systemic reaction to a Hymenoptera sting, angioedema, oropharyngeal/laryngeal symptoms, and itchy earlobes.
Conclusion: ColdA is common in typical ColdU. High-risk patients require education about their condition and how to use an adrenaline autoinjector
Modeling of GERDA Phase II data
The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground
laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double-beta
() decay of Ge. The technological challenge of GERDA is
to operate in a "background-free" regime in the region of interest (ROI) after
analysis cuts for the full 100kgyr target exposure of the
experiment. A careful modeling and decomposition of the full-range energy
spectrum is essential to predict the shape and composition of events in the ROI
around for the search, to extract a precise
measurement of the half-life of the double-beta decay mode with neutrinos
() and in order to identify the location of residual
impurities. The latter will permit future experiments to build strategies in
order to further lower the background and achieve even better sensitivities. In
this article the background decomposition prior to analysis cuts is presented
for GERDA Phase II. The background model fit yields a flat spectrum in the ROI
with a background index (BI) of cts/(kgkeVyr) for the enriched BEGe data set and
cts/(kgkeVyr) for the
enriched coaxial data set. These values are similar to the one of Gerda Phase I
despite a much larger number of detectors and hence radioactive hardware
components
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Modeling of GERDA Phase II data
The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double-beta (0ÎœÎČÎČ) decay of 76Ge. The technological challenge of Gerda is to operate in a âbackground-freeâ regime in the region of interest (ROI) after analysis cuts for the full 100 kg·yr target exposure of the experiment. A careful modeling and decomposition of the full-range energy spectrum is essential to predict the shape and composition of events in the ROI around QÎČÎČ for the 0ÎœÎČÎČ search, to extract a precise measurement of the half-life of the double-beta decay mode with neutrinos (2ÎœÎČÎČ) and in order to identify the location of residual impurities. The latter will permit future experiments to build strategies in order to further lower the background and achieve even better sensitivities. In this article the background decomposition prior to analysis cuts is presented for Gerda Phase II. The background model fit yields a flat spectrum in the ROI with a background index (BI) of 16.04+0.78â0.85â
10â3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched BEGe data set and 14.68+0.47â0.52â
10â3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched coaxial data set. These values are similar to the one of Phase I despite a much larger number of detectors and hence radioactive hardware components
Don't erase
Aquesta exposiciĂł del Postgrau en Il·lustraciĂł creativa i tĂšcniques de comunicaciĂł visual dâEINA Ă©s una mostra condensada de lâodissea personal que 26 il·lustradors hem fet durant un any. Us ensenyem fins a on hem arribat sota la consigna de âNo esborrarâ, dâabraçar lâerror i perdre-li la por, de trobar la nostra manera Ășnica i intransferible dâil·lustrar. No hi ha camĂ rĂ pid per convertir-se en il·lustrador o il·lustradora dâĂšxit, igualment no hi ha una Ășnica manera dâil·lustrar. Cadascun de nosaltres ho fem i ho seguirem fent a la nostra manera, perĂČ el que estĂ clar Ă©s que per il·lustrar bĂ© necessites fer-ho sense por, amb confiança i seguretat en els encerts i tambĂ© en els errors perquĂš aixĂČ Ă©s el que fa que una obra ens emocioni.Esta exposiciĂłn del Postgrado en IlustraciĂłn creativa y tĂ©cnicas de comunicaciĂłn visual de EINA es una muestra condensada de la odisea personal que 26 ilustradores hemos hecho durante un año. Os enseñamos hasta donde hemos llegado bajo la consigna de âNo borrarâ, de abrazar el error y perderle el miedo, de encontrar nuestra manera Ășnica e intransferible de ilustrar. No existe el camino rĂĄpido para convertirse en ilustrador o ilustradora de Ă©xito, al igual que no hay una Ășnica forma de ilustrar, cada uno de nosotros lo hace y lo seguirĂĄ haciendo a su manera, pero lo que estĂĄ claro es que para ilustrar bien necesitas hacerlo sin miedo, con confianza y seguridad en tus aciertos y tambiĂ©n en tus errores porque eso es lo que hace que una obra nos emocione.This exhibition of the Postgraduate Diploma in Creative Illustration and Visual Communication Techniques of EINA is a condensed sample of the personal odyssey that 26 illustrators have made in the past year. In it we show you, the public, how far we have come under the slogan of âDonât Eraseâ, of embracing error and facing our fears, of finding our unique and non-transferable way of illustrating. There is no quick way to become a successful illustrator, just as there is no single way to illustrate, each one of us will continue to work his or her own way, but what is clear is that to illustrate well you need to do it without fear, with confidence in both your achievements and failures because that is what helps create emotional, moving work