Avaliação de cultivares e híbridos de bananeira em quatro ciclos de produção

New productive banana hybrids, presenting good fruits and disease resistant, have been generated at Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical. The objective of this work was to evaluate some of these genotypes in four production cycles, to recommend them to the farmers. The experiment was carried out in the completely randomized design with 18 replications in Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil. The genotypes evaluated were the varieties Grande-Naine, Nanica, Nam, Thap Maeo, Mysore, Caipira, Prata-Comum, Pacovan and Prata-Anã and the hybrids Pioneira, PA03-22, FHIA-18, PV03-76, PV03-44 and JV03-15. The characteristics analyzed were plant height, pseudostem diameter, bunch weight, number of fruits, fruit length and cycle. Along the cycles, 'Nanica' presented the smallest plant height, while 'Prata-Anã' stood out in the pseudostem diameter, followed by 'Prata-Comum' and JV03-15. 'Thap Maeo' stood out in the bunch weight and in the number of fruits, followed by FHIA-18, in the first character, and by 'Mysore', 'Caipira' and FHIA-18, in the second. 'Grande-Naine' and 'Nanica' presented the largest fruit length, while FHIA-18 and PA03-22 stood out in the precocity. It was concluded that 'Thap Maeo' has potential to substitute 'Mysore', and the hybrids evaluated present quality to be recommended to the farmers.Híbridos superiores de bananeira com alta produtividade, frutos vistosos e resistência a doenças estão sendo gerados no programa de melhoramento genético da Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar alguns desses genótipos em quatro ciclos de produção, visando sua recomendação aos agricultores. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 18 repetições, em Cruz das Almas, BA. Avaliaram-se as cultivares Grande-Naine, Nanica, Nam, Thap Maeo, Mysore, Caipira, Prata-Comum, Pacovan e Prata-Anã e os híbridos Pioneira, PA03-22, FHIA-18, PV03-76, PV03-44 e JV03-15. Analisaram-se os caracteres altura da planta, diâmetro do pseudocaule, peso do cacho, número de frutos, comprimento do fruto e ciclo. Ao longo dos ciclos, a 'Nanica' apresentou o menor porte, enquanto a 'Prata-Anã' se destacou no diâmetro do pseudocaule, seguida pela 'Prata-Comum' e pelo JV03-15. A 'Thap Maeo' sobressaiu-se no peso do cacho e no número de frutos, seguida pelo FHIA-18, no primeiro caráter, e pela 'Mysore', pela 'Caipira' e pelo FHIA-18, no segundo caráter. A 'Grande-Naine' e a 'Nanica' apresentaram o maior comprimento do fruto, enquanto o FHIA-18 e o PA03-22 destacaram-se na precocidade. A 'Thap Maeo' tem potencial para substituir a 'Mysore' e os híbridos avaliados apresentam qualidade para vir a ser recomendados aos agricultores

Características sociais dos produtores orgânicos da ABIO no estado do Rio de Janeiro

Este trabalho avaliou as práticas agrícolas utilizadas no gerenciamento dos produtores orgânicos associados à ABIO4 , no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram consideradas as leis e normas da ABIO para certificar produtos orgânicos e analisadas as informações de relatórios técnicos cujas inspeções realizaram-se entre 1999 e 2002. A justificativa para esta avaliação é a existência de dados sobre a produção orgânica na região. A maioria das unidades de produção apresenta diferentes estádios de manejo e não há avaliação econômica

PERCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES E COORDENADORES PEDAGÓGICOS SOBRE INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE NO ENSINO MÉDIO POLITÉCNICO

O Ensino Médio Politécnico é uma política pública na qual o currículo é concebido como o conjunto das relações desafiadoras das capacidades dos estudantes e ressalta a necessidade de um ensino contextualizado de base interdisciplinar. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender as concepções de interdisciplinaridade de professores e coordenadores pedagógicos de uma escola de Ensino Médio Politécnico do Vale do Taquari, RS. Trata-se de um estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa, os dados foram coletados utilizando entrevista semi-estruturada e submetidos à análise textual discursiva. Os resultados evidenciam dificuldades na compreensão do termo interdisciplinaridade, desafios em romper práticas disciplinares e a presente tendência à fragmentação do conhecimento, que podem ser fatores dificultadores da interdisciplinaridade enquanto referencial para a organização do currículo escolar

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Tree diversity and above-ground biomass in the South America Cerrado biome and their conservation implications

Less than half of the original two million square kilometers of the Cerrado vegetation remains standing, and there are still many uncertainties as to how to conserve and prioritize remaining areas effectively. A key limitation is the continuing lack of geographically-extensive evaluation of ecosystem-level properties across the biome. Here we sought to address this gap by comparing the woody vegetation of the typical cerrado of the Cerrado–Amazonia Transition with that of the core area of the Cerrado in terms of both tree diversity and vegetation biomass. We used 21 one-hectare plots in the transition and 18 in the core to compare key structural parameters (tree height, basal area, and above-ground biomass), and diversity metrics between the regions. We also evaluated the effects of temperature and precipitation on biomass, as well as explored the species diversity versus biomass relationship. We found, for the first time, both that the typical cerrado at the transition holds substantially more biomass than at the core, and that higher temperature and greater precipitation can explain this difference. By contrast, plot-level alpha diversity was almost identical in the two regions. Finally, contrary to some theoretical expectations, we found no positive relationship between species diversity and biomass for the Cerrado woody vegetation. This has implications for the development of effective conservation measures, given that areas with high biomass and importance for the compensation of greenhouse gas emissions are often not those with the greatest diversity