234 research outputs found
Alpha decay chains study for the recently observed superheavy element Z=117 within the Isospin Cluster Model
The recently observed -decay chains were produced by
the fusion reactions with target and projectile at Dubna
in Russia. The reported cross-sections for the mentioned reaction are
pb and =1.3(+1.5,-0.6) at and
, respectively. The Q-values of -decay and the half-lives
(s) are calculated for the -decay chains of
nuclei, within the framework of Isospin Cluster Model (ICM). In
the ICM model the proximity energy is improved by using the isospin dependent
radius of parent, daughter and alpha particle. The binding energy (i=1,2) of any nucleus of mass number A and atomic number Z was
obtained from a phenomenological and more genaralized BW formula given by
\cite{samanta02}. The calculated results in ICM are compared with the
experimental results and other theoretical Macro-Microscopic(M-M), RMF(with NL3
and SFU Gold forces parameter) model calculations. The estimated values of
-decay half-lives are in good agreement with the recent data. The ICM
calculation is in favor of the persence of magic number at N=172
Investigation of the thermal expansion and heat capacity of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics
The thermal expansion of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics has been measured over a wide temperature
range 120â1200 K. The high quality of the samples under study has been confirmed by good agreement of
the results of measurements of the heat capacity in the range 2â300 K and in the vicinity of the phase transition of magnetic nature at 25 K with the data for the single crystal. No anomalies in the thermal expansion
that can be associated with the phase transition at 726â732 K assumed by other investigators have been found.
The influence exerted on the thermal expansion by the heat treatment of the sample in a helium atmosphere
and in air has been investigated
New limits on nucleon decays into invisible channels with the BOREXINO Counting Test Facility
The results of background measurements with the second version of the
BOREXINO Counting Test Facility (CTF-II), installed in the Gran Sasso
Underground Laboratory, were used to obtain limits on the instability of
nucleons, bounded in nuclei, for decays into invisible channels ():
disappearance, decays to neutrinos, etc. The approach consisted of a search for
decays of unstable nuclides resulting from and decays of parents
C, C and O nuclei in the liquid scintillator and the water
shield of the CTF. Due to the extremely low background and the large mass (4.2
ton) of the CTF detector, the most stringent (or competitive) up-to-date
experimental bounds have been established: y, y, y and y, all at 90% C.L.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figures,submitted to Phys.Lett.
Decay studies of alpha-decay chains
The -decay chains of are studied along with the
possible cluster decay modes by using the preformed cluster model (PCM). The
calculated -decay half-lives are compared with experimental data and
other model calculations. The calculated Q-values, penetration probabilities
and preformation probabilities factors for -decay suggest that
, and parent nuclei are
more stable against the -decay. These alpha decay chains are further
explored for the possibilities of cluster decay. Decay half lives of different
cluster from different nuclei of the decay chains point to the extra stability
near or at the deformed shells Z=108, N=162 and Z=100, N=152. The decay
half-lives for and clusters are lower than the current
experimental limit ( sec)
Population dynamics and range shifts of moose (Alces alces) during the Late Quaternary
Aim: Late Quaternary climate oscillations had major impacts on species distributions and abundances across the northern Holarctic. While many large mammals in this region went extinct towards the end of the Quaternary, some species survived and flourished. Here, we examine population dynamics and range shifts of one of the most widely distributed of these, the moose (Alces alces). Location: Northern Holarctic. Taxon: Moose (A. alces). Methods: We collected samples of modern and ancient moose from across their present and former range. We assessed their phylogeographical relations using part of the mitochondrial DNA in conjunction with radiocarbon dating to investigate the history of A. alces during the last glacial. Results: This species has a relatively shallow history, with the most recent common ancestor estimated at ca. 150â50 kyr. Ancient samples corroborate that its region of greatest diversity is in east Asia, supporting proposals that this is the region of origin of all extant moose. Both eastern and western haplogroups occur in the Ural Mountains during the last glacial period, implying a broader contact zone than previously proposed. It seems that this species went extinct over much of its northern range during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and recolonized the region with climate warming beginning around 15,000 yr bp. The post-LGM expansion included a movement from northeast Siberia to North America via Beringia, although the northeast Siberian source population is not the one currently occupying that area. Main conclusions: Moose are a relatively recently evolved species but have had a dynamic history. As a large-bodied subarctic browsing species, they were seemingly confined to refugia during full-glacial periods and expanded their range northwards when the boreal forest returned after the LGM. The main modern phylogeographical division is ancient, though its boundary has not remained constant. Moose population expansion into America was roughly synchronous with human and red deer expansion. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Biogeography published by John Wiley & Sons LtdWe warmly thank the following museums, curators and people for access to samples: the late Andrei Sher, Severtsov Institute, Moscow; Andy Currant, Natural History Museum, London; Alfred Gardner, Smithsonian, Washington DC; R. Dale Guthrie, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; John de Vos, National Museum of Natural History (Naturalis), Leiden; Eileen Westwig, American Museum of Natural History, NY; Fyodor Shidlovsky, Ice-Age Museum, Moscow; Tong Haowen, Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Paleoanthropology, Beijing; Mammoth Museum, Yakutsk; Geological Museum, Yakutsk; Paleontological Institute, Moscow; Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton; Zoological Institute, Saint Petersburg; Museum of the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ekaterinburg. We thank our Yukon First Nation research partners for their continued support for our work on the ice age fossils of Yukon Territory. We are grateful to the placer gold mining community and the Tr'ond?k Hw?ch'in First Nation for their continued support and partnership with our research in the Klondike goldfields region; and the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation for their collaboration with research in the Old Crow region. We would also like to thank Shai Meiri for help in drawing the map and useful discussion, Tony Stuart for access to radiocarbon dates, and Iris van Pijlen for laboratory assistance. This research was funded by NERC grant NE/G00269X/1 through the European Union FP7 ERA-NET program BiodivERsA. Funding for AMS dating was provided through NERC/AHRC/ORAU Grant NF/2008/2/15
Have Superheavy Elements been Produced in Nature?
We discuss the possibility whether superheavy elements can be produced in
Nature by the astrophysical rapid neutron capture process. To this end we have
performed fully dynamical network r-process calculations assuming an
environment with neutron-to-seed ratio large enough to produce superheavy
nuclei. Our calculations include two sets of nuclear masses and fission
barriers and include all possible fission channels and the associated fission
yield distributions. Our calculations produce superheavy nuclei with A ~ 300
that however decay on timescales of days.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure
- âŠ