Exercise-induced left septal fascicular block: an expression of severe myocardial ischemia

The electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria for the left septal fascicular block (LSFB) are not universally accepted and many other denominations can be seen in literature: focal septal block, septal focal block, left septal fascicular block, left anterior septal block, septal fascicular conduction disorder of the left branch, left septal Purkinje network block, left septal subdivision block of the left bundle branch, anterior conduction delay, left median hemiblock, left medial subdivision block of the left bundle branch, middle fascicle block, block of the anteromedial division of the left bundle branch of His, and anteromedial divisional block. During exercise stress test, fascicular blocks (left anterior and posterior) seem to indicate severe coronary artery narrowing of left main coronary or proximal left anterior descending artery disease1 and transient exercise-induced left septal fascicular block has been reported a few times2,3. 54-year-old male, with a history of essential arterial systemic hypertension, primary hyperlipidemia and six-month typical chest pain during exercise (Class II – Canadian Cardiovascular Society) underwent an exercise stress test. During the exercise stress test, ECG demonstrated abrupt prominent anterior forces, an increase in R wave amplitude from V1 to V4, extreme left axis deviation and minor ST segment depression in DII, DIII and aVF (Figure 1). The post-exercise period showed progressive return of the QRS axis in both frontal and horizontal planes and the ST depression worsened by 1 mm. Coronary angiogram (Figure 2A) showed a critical proximal left anterior descending artery lesion. An exercise stress test done three months after coronary artery bypass surgery grafting was normal (Figure 2B)

Formalisation of Smart Contract Languages

Smart contracts automatically verify and enforce contractual agreements without the need of a trusted intermediary, as potential conflicts are resolved by the network’s consensus protocol. Since "code is law", contracts should be correct, but bugs and vulnerabilities, often exploited by attackers, allow erroneous or even fraudulent behaviour. These days smart contracts are still mostly being written in general purpose programming languages, without proper specifications, let alone correctness proofs. Immutability is one of its selling points, but it is also one of its major problems, as once a contract is deployed to the blockchain it cannot be amended. Additionally, many vulnerabilities come from the misimplementation of contracts’ intended behaviour, as developers struggle to grasp the behavioural impact that the contract has in the blockchain. It is thus crucial to achieve correct implementations of smart contracts. In order to aid developers to promote the design of safer contracts that follow the protocols they are supposed to implement, we propose the use of behavioural types in smart languages. We believe that the use of typestates, for dynamic checking, and session types, for static checking, can ensure the intended behaviour of the contract before and during its execution. To better understand a contract’s behaviour throughout its execution, we took advantage of Racket (and PLT Redex), to have a visualisation of a step-by-step execution graph. By formally defining the syntax and reduction rules of a "core" smart contract language, and how each rule affects the statements and the programs configuration, this visualisation tool allows programmers to check and adjust the language’s formal semantics. This is a successful proof-of-concept exercise, confirming the suitability of Racket to develop program semantics which can be analysed throughout its execution. In the context of smart contract languages, these are important features (to be combined with formal verification with proof assistants). Furthermore, we also implemented a typechecker in OCaml that provides a type derivation tree of the program, in addition to preventing the occurrence of execution errors. To illustrate the usefulness of this approach, we took two different smart contract languages, one completely formalised with syntax, operational semantics and type system (Featherweight solidity, FS), and another only with its natural language semantics (Flint). We formalised FS in Racket and OCaml, where we were able to detect an inaccuracy; and we repeated this process with Flint, formalising its operation semantics and type system. The latter was much more challenging as it incorporated the use of typestates. Throughout this thesis, we present many examples on how the use of visual tools can help in the developing states of contracts and better understand the correct execution of programs, as well as how the use of behavioural types can prevent many execution errors even before running. The framework we define herein not only finds defects in the contracts, but also, crucially, detects vulnerabilities in a language construction, as we demonstrate with our use-cases. Therefore, this approach is very valuable not only for the programmer as visual debugging, but also for the language designer to test the effects of definitions

As estratégias mais valorizadas pelos educadores de infância na inclusão de crianças com necessidades educativas especiais

A inclusão de crianças com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE) é algo que merece realce pois se, no passado, estas eram colocadas à parte das restantes, hoje em dia tal não se verifica. A inclusão procura levar estas crianças a frequentarem as escolas regulares, a interagirem e a comunicarem com os seus pares e com o meio envolvente. Os educadores de infância, assim como as famílias, são considerados os principais agentes para facilitar a inclusão das crianças com NEE nos Jardins-deinfância e, portanto, é pertinente que trabalhem em conjunto de modo a tornarem esta inclusão positiva e tranquila para as mesmas. Os profissionais de Educação Pré-escolar têm a função de refletir e colocar em prática determinadas estratégias de intervenção de modo a facilitar a participação e envolvimento de todas as crianças nos diversos momentos do dia-a-dia. No entanto, além de lhes proporcionarem experiências enriquecedoras e estimulantes, o afeto adquire uma grande relevância, uma vez que uma relação de proximidade as encoraja para novas descobertas, além de que aumenta a sua autoestima e faz com que se sintam mais capazes na realização de diferentes atividades. Tendo em conta estes pressupostos, o presente relatório de investigação apresenta como principais objetivos identificar as estratégias mais valorizadas pelos educadores de infância para incluir crianças com NEE assim como compreender como é que os mesmos as incluem nas salas da Educação Pré-escolar.The inclusion of children with special educational needs (SEN) is something that requires attention because, in the past, those children were placed aside of the other ones, although nowadays this is not the case. This inclusion puts those children in regular schools, to interact and communicate with their peers and with the environment. Childhood educators, as well as families, are considered the main agents to facilitate the inclusion of children with SEN in kindergartens and, therefore, it is pertinent that they work together in order to make this a positive and peaceful inclusion for them. The pre-school educational professionals have the function to reflect and put into practice certain intervention strategies in order to facilitate the participation and involvement of all the children in the different moments of the day-to-day. However, in addition to provide enriching and stimulating experiences, affection acquires a great relevance, once a close relationship encourages new discoveries, and increases their self-esteem and makes them feel more able to carry out different activities. Given these assumptions, this research report presents as main objectives to identify the strategies most valued by Childhood educators to include children with SEN and also to understand how they are included in pre-school educational rooms. Keywords: Inclusion; Children; Special Educational Needs; Strategies; Intervention

Curso preparatório de piano

O projeto veio suprir uma carência da região, oferecendo ensino formal de música gratuito e de qualidade à comunidade. Prevê aulas de teoria musical e de piano, individuais ou em grupo, ministradas por alunos de graduação do Curso de Música da UNILA. Este projeto propôs a criação de um Curso Preparatório de Piano voltado prioritariamente para os estudantes do Ensino Médio e pessoas interessadas em futuramente fazer Graduação em Música na UNILA

Screening of antioxidant effect of spontaneous and bioinoculated with gluconobacter oxydans fermented papaya: a comparative study

Fermented papaya is recognized as a nutraceutical with a diverse and rich composition. Fermentation of fruit with desirable microorganisms could be a strategy to improve the nutritional quality and profile of the fruit. Despite the popularity of fermented papaya, there is still a lack of knowledge on the effects of various fermentation parameters. The goal of this study was to screen the antioxidant and other properties of the products obtained through a variety of fermentation experiments, as well as the impact of adding Gluconobacter oxydans on their physicochemical properties. The strategies used to produce the fermented papaya extracts were spontaneous fermentation and bioinoculation with G. oxydans. Different fermentation tests were performed to measure pH, total soluble solids, reducing sugars, sodium pyruvate content, total phenolic content (TPC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). There was a decrease in TPC during spontaneous fer mentations (five assays). However, it can be observed that in the fermentation assays with G. ox ydans, there was an increase in TPC and antioxidant properties. The highest content of TPC was observed on the eighth day of P7 (260.18 ± 0.02 µg gallic acid equivalents· mL−1) which was fer mented with the bacteria and supplemented with glucose. Therefore, phenolic compounds in fer mented papaya were found to increase antioxidant capacity as a result of bioinoculation with G. oxydans.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

QUALIDADE DA ALIMENTAÇÃO ESCOLAR DA REDE ESTADUAL DE FRANCISCO BELTRÃO - PR

A alimentação envolve fatores essenciais para o organismo humano e pode formar hábitos que penduram para a vida toda. Cada vez mais, reforça-se a importância de uma alimentação adequada na infância e adolescência, e que possa ser considerada sanitariamente segura. Este trabalho teve por objetivo, analisar a estrutura física das escolas, o conhecimento das cozinheiras acerca das Boas Práticas de Manipulação (BPM) e a qualidade microbiológica da alimentação oferecida diariamente nas escolas estaduais do município de Francisco Beltrão-PR. A coleta dos dados se deu por meio de questionários aplicados às cozinheiras e análise laboratorial de amostras de alimentos fornecidos na merenda escolar, nos laboratórios da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR). Com as informações obtidas, realizou-se o curso de BPM ofertado para todas as cozinheiras das escolas estaduais. Quanto ao questionário, observou-se que todas escolas possuem algum tipo de irregularidade quanto sua estrutura, que pode comprometer a manipulação correta e segura dos alimentos. Nas análises microbiológicas todas as amostras apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões da legislação. Espera-se que os dados possam fomentar novas ações visando a melhor qualidade da alimentação escolar da rede estadual

In vitro antimicrobial activity of the components of a mouthwash containing malva sylvestris

Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitrodos componentes (tirotricina, quinosol e tintura de malva) de um enxaguatório bucal contendo malva (Malvatricin®) sobre Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillusspp. e um poolde micro-organismos da cavidade bucal.Método: Para a verificação do potencial antimicrobiano do enxaguatório bucal contendo malva (Malvatricin®) e de seus diferentes componentes, a metodologia utilizada foi a da difusão em ágar-cilindro em placas. Utilizaram-se dez placas com ágar Brain Heart Infusion para cada micro-organismo e foram testadas as seguintes soluções: Malvatricin®, tirotricina, quinosol e tintura de malva. Como controle positivo foi utilizada uma solução de clorexidina 0,12%. As placas foram incubadas por 24 horas a 37°C em anaerobiose. Após 24 horas, mensuraram-se os diâmetros das zonas de inibição. Utilizou-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis,seguido pelo teste de comparaçõesmúltiplas, quando indicado, para comparar o efeito de cada substância sobre os micro-organismos testados. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%.Resultados: Sobre Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilluse um poolde micro-organismos da cavidade bucal, Malvatricin®apresentou valores de medianas 23,47; 8,61 e 11,23, respectivamente. O quinosol apresentou resultado semelhante ao de Malvatricin®, mostrando-se efetivo para inibir o crescimento microbiano de todos os micro-organismos (27,17; 9,33; 12,53). A tirotricina (0; 5,66; 0) e a tintura de malva (0; 0; 4,29) apresentaram pouca ou nenhuma atividade antimicrobiana. A clorexidina apresentou as maiores zonas de inibição frente a todos os micro-organismos testados (30,06; 15,54; 20,89). Conclusão: No modelo experimental proposto, o produto comercial Malvatricin® apresentou atividade antimicrobiana contra Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp. e sobre um pool de micro-organismos da cavidade bucal. Sugere-se que este efeito deve-se, principalmente, à ação da substância quinosol presente em sua composição.Objective: To evaluate the in vitroantimicrobial activity of the components (tyrothricin, hydroxyquinoline and Malva sylvestristincture) of a mouthwash containing Malva sylvestris (Malvatricin®) against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillusspp. and a pool of oral microorganisms. Method: In order to verify the antimicrobial potential of the Malva sylvestris-containing mouthwash (Malvatricin®) and its different components, was used the cylinder-agar diffusion plate methodology. Ten plates with Brain Heart Infusion agar were used for each microorganism and the following solutions were tested: Malvatricin®, tyrothricin, hydroxyquinoline and Malva sylvestristincture. The positive control was a 0.12% chlorhexidine solution. The plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C in anaerobiosis. After 24 hours, the diameters of bacterial growth inhibition zones were measured. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the multiple-comparisons test (when required) were used to compare the effect of each substance against the test microorganisms. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: Malvatricin®presented medians of 23.47, 8.61 and 11.23, respectively, against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillusspp. and a pool of oral microorganisms. Hydroxyquinoline showed similar result to Malvatricin®, being effective to inhibit the growth of all microorganisms (27.17, 9.33 and 12.53, respectively). Tyrothricin (0, 5.66, 0, respectively) and Malva sylvestristincture (0, 0, 4.29, respectively) showed little or no antimicrobial activity. Chlorhexidine produced the largest inhibition zones against the tested microorganisms (30.06, 15.54, 20.89, respectively).Conclusion: In the experimental model studied, the commercial product Malvatricin® showed antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp. and on a poolof microorganisms from the oral cavity. It is suggested that this effect is mainly related to the action of hydroxyquinoline present in its composition

“Mercado colorido”:: percepções de gays sobre o mercado de trabalho de Teresina-PI.

O espaço organizacional apresenta-se como um dos principais locais em que se encontram manifestos os dilemas da atualidade, entre eles, a discriminação baseada na orientação sexual. Nessa pesquisa, buscou-se analisar as percepções de homossexuais sobre o ser gay nas organizações de trabalho. Para tanto, aplicou-se entrevista semiestruturada em 10 homossexuais do sexo masculino e utilizou-se como orientação metodológica a Análise de Conteúdo. Os homossexuais perceberam diversas formas de preconceito e assédio referente à sua orientação sexual, tanto na sociedade, quanto nas organizações.  O “sair do armário” foi identificado como um fator complicador para o gay frente ao mercado de trabalho e as características femininas dos gays foram apontadas de forma negativa e preconceituosa, perpetuando em consequências na saúde emocional destes. A superação da discriminação só é possível a partir da desconstrução de modelos heteronormativos

Dried blood spots in clinical lipidomics: optimization and recent findings

Dried blood spots (DBS) are being considered as an alternative sampling method of blood collection that can be used in combination with lipidomic and other omic analysis. DBS are successfully used in the clinical context to collect samples for newborn screening for the measurement of specifc fatty acid derivatives, such as acylcarnitines, and lipids from whole blood for diagnostic purposes. However, DBS are scarcely used for lipidomic analysis and investigations. Lipidomic stud ies using DBS are starting to emerge as a powerful method for sampling and storage in clinical lipidomic analysis, but the major research work is being done in the pre- and analytical steps and procedures, and few in clinical applications. This review presents a description of the impact factors and variables that can afect DBS lipidomic analysis, such as the type of DBS card, haematocrit, homogeneity of the blood drop, matrix/chromatographic efects, and the chemical and physi cal properties of the analyte. Additionally, a brief overview of lipidomic studies using DBS to unveil their application in clinical scenarios is also presented, considering the studies of method development and validation and, to a less extent, for clinical diagnosis using clinical lipidomics. DBS combined with lipidomic approaches proved to be as efective as whole blood samples, achieving high levels of sensitivity and specifcity during MS and MS/MS analysis, which could be a useful tool for biomarker identifcation. Lipidomic profling using MS/MS platforms enables signifcant insights into physiological changes, which could be useful in precision medicine.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio