Controversies in medicine: Thyroid nodules ‘‘head or tails’’

Undoubtedly, thyroid nodules are one of the most common pathologies a physician faces in clinical practice. Not only the endocrinologist, but also the internist and the first contact physician, this situation obeys to the fact that this thyroid gland alteration is highly prevalent amongst the general population. Statistics on the prevalence of this pathology vary from series to series. However, the numbers indicate that between 4% and 7% of the general population present one or more nodules on their thyroid and, as in all diseases related to this organ, they are more frequent in female

Uso de las TIC en el desempeño laboral del personal de la división de pensiones Policía Nacional del Perú, 2021

La presente tesis tiene como propósito determinar la incidencia del uso de las TIC en el desempeño laboral del personal de la División de Pensiones de la Policía Nacional del Perú – 2021. El enfoque de la investigación fue cuantitativo de tipo básica, su diseño fue no experimental y de nivel correlacional. La muestra fue de 83 trabajadores de la División de Pensiones de la PNP y se recogió la información mediante un cuestionario en donde se utilizaron instrumentos validados por medio de un juicio de expertos. Los resultados indicaron que en el uso de las TIC, el 34.9% de los trabajadores tienen un nivel de uso alto, el 54.2% un nivel de uso medio y el 10.8% un nivel de uso bajo. Del mismo modo, se obtuvo una significancia estadística de 0.000, complementando con las estimaciones de parámetro, nos muestra que la variable dependiente solo puede ser explicada por la variable dependiente en el nivel alto, con una significancia estadística de 0.001; llegando a la conclusión que el uso de las TIC incide positivamente en el desempeño laboral del personal de la División de Pensiones de la Policía nacional del Perú, 2021

Diseño de rutas para la distribución de sobres en Santa Marta para la empresa Lecta Ltda

En el presente informe se muestra; Lecta Ltda que es una empresa especializada en servicios de mensajería y lectura de contadores de servicios públicos. Entendemos nuestro papel en la cadena de valor de nuestros clientes, por lo cual trabajamos cada día mejorando nuestros procesos y centrándonos en la excelencia en el servicio al cliente. El objetivo de la investigación es brindarle a Lecta Ltda, la confiabilidad en la distribución, de la correspondencia despachada a los usuarios, y la disminución de las devoluciones, las quejas de los usuarios, por la demora en las entregas de los sobres, el mejoramiento de las rutas en la ciudad de Santa Marta, y la optimización de todos sus recursos, como son el talento humano y el flujo de información con nuestros clientes. Con el presente estudio de caso se quiere ver las debilidades de la empresa y buscar mejoras y soluciones a estas en los procesos

Physical Modeling of Backward Erosion Piping Phenomenon in a Geotechnical Centrifuge

Backward erosion piping is a mechanism of internal erosion that has been widely recognized as a potential hazard for water-retaining structures, such as dams and levees, that are founded on granular materials. Backward erosion piping initiates toward the downstream zone of the structure by the concentration of flow at an exit point acting as drainage, which leads to a localized loosening of the soil and eventually to a continuous migration of grains from the foundation following a piping path pattern. Such piping path extends backward toward the impoundment once a certain critical hydraulic condition is met, resulting in the loss of stability of the structure and leading to failure. Despite the numerous studies aimed to provide new insights into backward erosion piping prediction, detection and remediation, there is still a need to develop experimentally validated methodologies that allow linking results from physical and analytical models to field behavior. This is due to, among others, the difficulty to replicate the field behavior in small-scale models and the limited understanding of parameters that are interrelated and affect the evolution of the phenomenon. The geotechnical centrifuge modeling technique has the potential to model complex geotechnical mechanisms and stress conditions that occur in large-scale prototypes (i.e., field conditions) using models with reduced scale, which saves cost and time in model construction. This is done by imposing a simulated gravitational acceleration field to the model that is higher than the Earth’s gravity applied to the prototype. However, the use of centrifuge modeling to study backward erosion piping is limited due to the complexity of the phenomenon and the limited understanding of the effects of the increased gravitational acceleration field on parameters, such as head and pressure losses, flow regime and critical hydraulic conditions. A few research studies have attempted to assess backward erosion piping in the geotechnical centrifuge, but the associated scaling effects are still insufficiently explored or validated. The goal of this study is to advance the understanding of the backward erosion piping phenomenon by implementing the geotechnical centrifuge modeling technique. A series of centrifuge modeling experiments were performed to model the different mechanisms involved during the development of backward erosion piping. The scaling effects derived from the implementation of this technique are evaluated to allow the interpretation, conformation and validation of existing theoretical scaling laws. Results from this study provide new insights into the impact of exit drainage and seepage length on the global and local hydraulic conditions developed during different phases of the phenomenon. Critical hydraulic conditions were obtained and compared with data available in the literature. Overall, this study provides a new experimental protocol and analysis procedure for conducting centrifuge modeling studies of backward erosion piping. This study is a first step towards the full understanding of the complex field conditions

Concepto de gestor fiscal en decisiones de la contraloría general de la república en materia contractual ¿responsabilidad objetiva?

In this work, a conceptual and jurisprudential deepening is carried out about the concept of fiscal manager, especially from a functional perspective and in contractual matters. Making an analysis of the elements, components, scope and development of the responsibility of public managers when a detriment in the public treasury is verified. identifying responsibility, and how they do it in their different modalities. And finally, a practical and legal analysis of the reality of fiscal management and control was carried out, in order to determine the legal advances, the challenges, the difficulties and subtractions and legal implications around this legal figure. A doctrinal affiliation is recognized, unlike issues from other branches of law, however, an objective and detailed study was made about the research topic and the way in which public officials and individuals who manage public resources are held accountable when by Their willful action or omission causes patrimonial damage to the State and public finances. In accordance with the above, a descriptive scope investigation with a qualitative approach was carried out that, through the bibliographic study and the jurisprudential analysis, develops the fund of management and fiscal responsibility.En este trabajo se realiza una profundización conceptual y jurisprudencial acerca del concepto de gestor fiscal, especialmente desde una perspectiva funcional y en materia contractual. Haciendo  un análisis de los elementos, componentes, alcance y desarrollo de la responsabilidad de los gestores públicos cuando se verifica un detrimento en el erario público. identificando la responsabilidad, y como lo hacen en sus distintitas modalidades. Y finalmente se realizó un análisis practico y jurídico de la realidad de la gestión y control fiscal, en aras de determinar los avances jurídicos, los retos, las dificultades y sustracciones e implicaciones jurídicas entorno a esta figura jurídica. Se reconoce un afalencia doctrinal a diferencia de temas de otras ramas del derecho, no obstante, se hizo un estudio objetivo y pormenorizado acerca del tema de investigación y de la forma como se hacen responsables a los funcionarios públicos y particulares que administran recursos públicos cuando por su acción u omisión dolosa ocasionan un daño patrimonial al Estado y a la hacienda pública. Conforme a lo expuesto, se realizó una investigación de alcance descriptivo y con enfoque cualitativo que a través del estudio bibliográfico y el análisis jurisprudencial desarrolla el fondo de la gestión y la responsabilidad fiscal

Molecular response for nematic superconducting media in a hollow cylinder: A numerical approach

In the context of the Ginzburg Landau formalism proposed by Barci et al. in 2016 for nematic superconductivity, and by performing a numerical treatment based on the Shooting method, we analyze the behaviour of the radial distribution of the nematic order parameter when the superconducting order parameter reaches the typical non trivial saddle point. We consider the cases of a hollow cylindrical domain, with a disk or an annular domain as its cross section, whether the order parameter is subjected to Newmann or Dirichlet boundary conditions. We conclude that depending on the corresponding situation a non trivial solution holds if certain relations between the radii are satisfied. Moreover, we observe a saturation effect on each instances that constitutes a purely geometrical consequence on the relation between the typical sizes and shapes of the samples. These conclusions can be useful for further experimental realizations and extensions to the interaction of the nematic (superconducting) order parameters with electromagnetic fields.Fil: de Leo, Mariano Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Matemática. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Ovalle, Diego García. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Borgna, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias Físicas. - Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Ciencias Físicas; Argentin

New Herbaceous Perennial Legumes in Dryland Mediterranean Agroecosystems: Pasture Persistence and Productivity

One of the strategies to improve pasture and crop productivity in the Mediterranean zone of Chile has been the introduction and use of annual legumes (del Pozo and Ovalle 2009; Ovalle et al. 2010). The growth rate of annual legumes is low during autumn and winter, and the distribution of the biomass production is mainly concentrated in spring when temperatures are moderate and soil water is available. It is hypothesized that perennial deep-rooted legumes can play a key role in improving soil physicochemical characteristics as well as water-use efficiency (Cocks 2001; Dear et al. 2003; Ward 2006). In addition, plants with deep roots can uptake nutrients from deeper soil layers in nutrient-deficient soils (McCallum et al. 2004) and could improve soil water infiltration. The objective was to introduce and evaluate the persistence of new germplasm of perennial forage legumes to summer drought in the Mediterranean zone of central Chile

Production and characterization of a β-glucosidase from Issatchenkia terricola and its use for hydrolysis of aromatic precursors in Cabernet Sauvignon wine

New enzymes isolated from the biodiversity of native wine ecosystems could contribute to increase the varietal character of regional wines. This study reports on the production and characterization of Issatchenkia terricola, beta-glucosidase and its potential to release red-wine aromatic compounds. The enzyme, a monomer of 48 kDa with an isoelectric point of 3.5 is tolerant to glucose and ethanol, properties compatible with enological use. Although fed-batch is usually the most suitable system for enzyme production in submerged culture, in this case the yield was practically the same as in batch culture. Enzyme productivity was increased 2-fold in synthetic medium with glucose with respect to the YPG and 3 to 8-fold with respect to other media assayed. After enzymatic treatment, GC-MS analysis of the released aglycones demonstrated significant increases in the concentration of phenols (83%) and norisoprenoids (65%). According to the judges of the sensory panel, the treatment resulted in a wine with dried fruits and raisins notes, as compared to the control, which was found more sweet and fruity. This, together with the lack of activity on anthocyanin glycosides, highlights the potential of this enzyme in enology, since its high selectivity allowed the development of aroma without compromising wine color.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriale

Production and characterization of a β-glucosidase from Issatchenkia terricola and its use for hydrolysis of aromatic precursors in Cabernet Sauvignon wine

New enzymes isolated from the biodiversity of native wine ecosystems could contribute to increase the varietal character of regional wines. This study reports on the production and characterization of Issatchenkia terricola, beta-glucosidase and its potential to release red-wine aromatic compounds. The enzyme, a monomer of 48 kDa with an isoelectric point of 3.5 is tolerant to glucose and ethanol, properties compatible with enological use. Although fed-batch is usually the most suitable system for enzyme production in submerged culture, in this case the yield was practically the same as in batch culture. Enzyme productivity was increased 2-fold in synthetic medium with glucose with respect to the YPG and 3 to 8-fold with respect to other media assayed. After enzymatic treatment, GC-MS analysis of the released aglycones demonstrated significant increases in the concentration of phenols (83%) and norisoprenoids (65%). According to the judges of the sensory panel, the treatment resulted in a wine with dried fruits and raisins notes, as compared to the control, which was found more sweet and fruity. This, together with the lack of activity on anthocyanin glycosides, highlights the potential of this enzyme in enology, since its high selectivity allowed the development of aroma without compromising wine color.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriale