Expeditious procedures to support the educational process in Combat Sports - an exploratory study

[EN] Combat Sports can be a powerful tool to transform individuals

An evaluation of the professional, social and demographic profile and quality of life of physicians working at the Prehospital Emergency Medical System (SAMU) in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To describe the profile of physicians working at the Prehospital Emergency Medical System (SAMU) in Brazil and to evaluate their quality of life.METHODS: Both a semi-structured questionnaire with 57 questions and the SF-36 questionnaire were sent to research departments within SAMU in the Brazilian state capitals, the Federal District and inland towns in Brazil.RESULTS: Of a total of 902 physicians, including 644 (71.4%) males, 533 (59.1%) were between 30 and 45 years of age and 562 (62.4%) worked in a state capital. Regarding education level, 45.1% had graduated less than five years before and only 43% were specialists recognized by the Brazilian Medical Association. Regarding training, 95% did not report any specific training for their work at SAMU. The main weaknesses identified were psychiatric care and surgical emergencies in 57.2 and 42.9% of cases, respectively; traumatic pediatric emergencies, 48.9%; and medical emergencies, 42.9%. As for procedure-related skills, the physicians reported difficulties in pediatric advanced support (62.4%), airway surgical access (45.6%), pericardiocentesis (64.4%) and thoracentesis (29.9%). Difficulties in using an artificial ventilator (43.3%) and in transcutaneous pacing (42.2%) were also reported. Higher percentages of young physicians, aged 25-30 years (26.7 vs 19.0%; p48 h per week (12.8 vs 8.6%; p<0.001), and were non-specialists with the shortest length of service (<1 year) at SAMU (30.1 vs 18.2%; p<0.001) who were hired without having to pass public service exams* (i.e., for a temporary job) (61.8 vs 46.2%; p<0.001). Regarding quality of life, the pain domain yielded the worst result among physicians at SAMU.CONCLUSIONS: The doctors in this sample were young and within a few years of graduation, and they had no specific training in prehospital emergencies. Deficiencies were mostly found in pediatrics and psychiatry, with specific deficiencies in the handling of essential equipment and in the skills necessary to adequately attend to prehospital emergencies. A disrespectful labor scenario was also found; the evaluation of quality of life showed a notable presence of pain on the SF-36 among physicians at SAMU and especially among doctors who had worked for a longer length of time at SAMU.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM) Departamento de CirurgiaFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto Departamento de CirurgiaDuke University School of Medicine Division of CardiologyUNIFESP, EPM, (UNIFESP/EPM) Depto. de CirurgiaSciEL

Professional Behavior, Metric Quantitative from Components Geometrical Frames and Levels Growing Emotional in Models Agrarian Sciences/ Comportamento Profissional, Quantitativo Métrico a partir de Componentes Estruturas Geométricas e Níveis Crescendo Emocional em Modelos Ciências Agrárias

Realizamos um estudo de simulação de comportamento profissional, métrico quantitativo a partir de componentes geométricos, quadros e níveis emocionais crescentes em modelos de ciências agrárias. A população docente era de 138 e o tamanho amostral entre os questionários aplica-se a uma quantidade de 138 participantes para os cursos de agronomia, medicina veterinária e zootecnia, obtendo uma resposta de 113 questionários respondidos resultados em 81,9% das respostas entre os participantes. O erro amostral foi de 4%. Indica um preditor incluído, com base na condição ideal do aparelho de simulação, aprendemos muito sobre a dinâmica para este tipo de aparelho, foram estudados eficiência líquida aplicada restrição compartimental relativamente modificada distribuição hiper positivamente, por algoritmos comparados, mesmo em relativamente simples, efetivamente, em duas situações, o aparelho de fitness de eficiência de escolher o membro do torneio é a segunda resposta relativa às seleções de primer. Voltamos à correlação e mostramos na dinâmica do modelo. Os resultados, níveis mais altos de professores [derramando energia], foram mais elevados intercalados e associados aos efeitos positivos para o efeito organizacional após 30 dias do torneio. Por fim, viabilizar alternativas para formação de professores e reduzir o valor psicológico inter-turma aumenta os custos econômicos. foram mais elevados intercalados e associados aos efeitos positivos para o efeito organizacional após 30 dias do torneio. Por fim, viabilizar alternativas para formação de professores e reduzir o valor psicológico inter-turma aumenta os custos econômicos. foram mais elevados intercalados e associados aos efeitos positivos para o efeito organizacional após 30 dias do torneio. Por fim, viabilizar alternativas para formação de professores e reduzir o valor psicológico inter-turma aumenta os custos econômicos

Hikes and levadas in Madeira: characterizing visitors and their experience

Recent research indicates that more and more often tourists use the Madeira Natural Park (MNP) area to develop their physical activity, through mountain hiking and Levada walks. This study aims at identifying tourists’ characteristics and to understand how visitors live their experience. A survey was carried out at the end of two different activities and the sample was divided into two groups (G1: Levada Walks in the Laurissilva; G2: Walks outside the Laurissilva). The data was collected immedi ately after the activity ended (total: 293; male: 124; female: 169) and people were asked about: 1. Information availa ble at the start of the activity; 2. Interaction and attention demand; 3. Natural area visited. The data indicates that the Madeira tourists have higher education, many are students and teachers, the majority being European. Our tourists are well informed about the natural environment and more than 90% agreed that it was ideal for aesthetic enjoyment and inspiring exploration. Our findings can help the tourist agents to improve their products, encour age the agencies to attract new markets outside Europe and can work as a basis for providing more guidance in the MNP, promoting a higher ‘flow experience’.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess the knowledge of mechanical ventilation in urgent care among students in their last-year medical course in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the knowledge of mechanical ventilation among final-year medical students in Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted between October 2015 and October 2017 involving 554 medical students was carried out to develop a questionnaire for assessing knowledge on mechanical ventilation. Reproducibility was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient, internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha, and construct validation was evaluated with a tetrachoric exploratory factor analysis. To compare the means of the competences among the same type of assessment tool, the nonparametric Friedman test was used, and the identification of the differences was obtained with Dunn-Bonferroni tests. RESULTS: The final version of the questionnaire contained 19 questions. The instrument presented a clarity index of 8.94±0.83. The value of the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.929, and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.831. The factor analysis revealed five factors associated with knowledge areas regarding mechanical ventilation. The final score among participants was 24.05%. CONCLUSION: The instrument has a satisfactory clarity index and adequate psychometric properties and can be used to assess the knowledge of mechanical ventilation among final-year medical students in Brazil

O Conceito de Direito e o Reconhecimento às Instituições Jurídicas: Alterações Institucionais e a Regra de Reconhecimento

This study intends to understend the scope of the rule of recognition, which describes the various elements that make up the legal system, including the institutions that depend on it to exist. We ask, therefore, how is the relationship between changes in legal institutions and the ultimate rule of recognition. Hypothetically, we believe that, despite the close relationship between the bounding elements of the problem above, changes in institutions are not indicative of a substantial change in the final rule of recognition. The theoretical bases of this paper are dedicated to the presentation of the conceptual view expressed by Hart, which makes it necessary to realize the rule of recognition as a complex practice capable of identifying the legal element. In fact, the methodological approach proposes the reconstruction of a system of analytical concepts based on the rule of recognition and its relationships with legal institutions. Thereby, we could see that institutional changes are not sufficient conditions, despite necessary ones, to change de rule of recognition.O presente estudo busca compreender o caráter dúplice da regra de reconhecimento. Pretende- se revelar o âmbito de abrangência da referida regra, o que permitiria descrever os vários elementos que compõe o Direito, dentre eles as instituições que dependem dele para existir; almeja-se conceber, em linhas gerais, em que medida alterações em instituições jurídicas são causas suficientes e necessárias para identificar mutações na regra de reconhecimento. Indaga-se, portanto, qual a relação entre as alterações nas instituições jurídicas e as mudanças regra última de reconhecimento. Acredita-se, como hipótese, que, a despeito da íntima relação  entre  os  elementos  delimitadores  do  problema  acima  exposto,  alterações  nas instituições  não  são  indicativos  de  uma  mudança  substancial  na  regra  última  de reconhecimento. Esta tarefa tem como base teórica a visão conceitual expressa por Hart, a qual exige que se perceba a regra de reconhecimento como uma prática complexa apta a identificar o elemento jurídico. Recorre-se a análise de conteúdo, visto que, a partir dos objetivos anteriormente expostos, propõe-se um estudo de textos teóricos para se construir um sistema analítico de conceitos a ser aplicado sobre as conformações institucionais dispostas pelo ordenamento jurídico. Trata-se, desta forma, de um trabalho teórico com caráter eminentemente descritivo, voltado ao estudo bibliográfico e documental, de base metodológica concebida a partir da análise de conteúdo. Pôde-se observar, deste modo, que mudanças institucionais apesar de não serem são condições suficientes, são necessárias para que se percebam ou constituam alterações na regra de reconhecimento

Analysis of anthropometric and physical performance variables in U-17 soccer players

Soccer is considered a multifaceted collective sport, and to reach an elevated level, players must have moderate to high power, good agility, joint flexibility and muscle development. Also, players must be able to generate high torques during fast movements, which implies the development of different capacities, understood as multifactorial preparation. The objective was to analyse the effects of training (aerobic and continuous) on the leg power, fatigue levels, speed, agility, body fat, muscle mass and bone mass of these players. Methods. Seventy-two soccer players, male and under 17, from 4 teams that participated. The teams performed 3 times a week training sessions of about 60 to 90 minutes each. Informed consent requests were given to their parents for authorisation to participate in this investigation. Data was collected in two different time points, about ten months apart. Specific tests were performed for each variable: the vertical jump with Bosco System for leg power, the T-Test for agility, the linear sprint test for speed and the RAST test for fatigue levels. A precision Tanita scale was used for the anthropometric tests such as body fat, muscle mass and bone mass. Statistical procedures were applied through the Wilcoxon test to compare the two time points of evaluation. Conclusions: the implemented training improved all the analysed variables with significant statistical values for leg power, speed, bone mass, muscle mass and fat mass.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation of self-perception of mechanical ventilation knowledge among Brazilian final-year medical students, residents and emergency physicians

OBJECTIVE: To present self-assessments of knowledge about mechanical ventilation made by final-year medical students, residents, and physicians taking qualifying courses at the Brazilian Society of Internal Medicine who work in urgent and emergency settings. METHODS: A 34-item questionnaire comprising different areas of knowledge and training in mechanical ventilation was given to 806 medical students, residents, and participants in qualifying courses at 11 medical schools in Brazil. The questionnaire’s self-assessment items for knowledge were transformed into scores. RESULTS: The average score among all participants was 21% (0-100%). Of the total, 85% respondents felt they did not receive sufficient information about mechanical ventilation during medical training. Additionally, 77% of the group reported that they would not know when to start noninvasive ventilation in a patient, and 81%, 81%, and 89% would not know how to start volume control, pressure control and pressure support ventilation modes, respectively. Furthermore, 86.4% and 94% of the participants believed they would not identify the basic principles of mechanical ventilation in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, respectively, and would feel insecure beginning ventilation. Finally, 77% said they would fear for the safety of a patient requiring invasive mechanical ventilation under their care. CONCLUSION: Self-assessment of knowledge and self-perception of safety for managing mechanical ventilation were deficient among residents, students and emergency physicians from a sample in Brazil

Establishing of cancer units in low or middle income african countries: angolan experience - a preliminary report

Introduction:&nbsp;the number of cancer cases and related deaths worldwide is expected to double over the next 20-30 years. African countries will be the most affected by the burden of cancer. The improving economic situation of Angola creates conditions for an increase in life expectancy which by itself is associated with an increased risk of oncological diseases. Because cancer therapy requires a multidisciplinary approach, trained health professionals, satisfactory infrastructure and appropriate facilities, the availability of effective cancer therapy is a difficult task that requires support. The aim of this article is to share our experience achieved in the establishment of cancer units in Angola and to validate our checklist for this action. Methods:&nbsp;the survey method was a questionnaire addressed to Angolan cancer units, in order to evaluate the usefulness and feasibility of a checklist developed by the authors -&nbsp;The Cancer Units Assessment Checklist for low or middle income African countries&nbsp;- which was used previously in the establishment of those units. Afterwards, the crucial steps taken for the establishing of the main sites of each cancer unit considering, facilities, resources and professionals, were also recorded. Results:&nbsp;all cancer units reported that the checklist was a useful tool in the development of the cancer program for the improvement of the unit or the establishing of cancer unit sites. This instrument helped identifying resources, defining the best practice and identifying barriers. Local experts, who know the best practices in oncology and who are recognized by the local heads, are also important and they proved to be the major facilitators. Conclusion:&nbsp;the fight against cancer has just started in Angola. The training, education, advocacy and legislation are ongoing. According to our results, the assessment checklist for the establishment of cancer units is a useful instrument