Ocular accommodation and wavelength: The effect of longitudinal chromatic aberration on the stimulus–response curve

The longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) of the eye creates a chromatic blur on the retina that is an important cue for accommodation. Although this mechanism can work optimally in broadband illuminants such as daylight, it is not clear how the system responds to the narrowband illuminants used by many modern displays. Here, we measured pupil and accommodative responses as well as visual acuity under narrowband light-emitting diode (LED) illuminants of different peak wavelengths. Observers were able to accommodate under narrowband light and compensate for the LCA of the eye, with no difference in the variability of the steady-state accommodation response between narrowband and broadband illuminants. Intriguingly, our subjects compensated more fully for LCA at nearer distances. That is, the difference in accommodation to different wavelengths became larger when the object was placed nearer the observer, causing the slope of the accommodation response curve to become shallower for shorter wavelengths and steeper for longer ones. Within the accommodative range of observers, accommodative errors were small and visual acuity normal. When comparing between illuminants, when accommodation was accurate, visual acuity was worst for blue narrowband light. This cannot be due to the sparser spacing for S-cones, as our stimuli had equal luminance and thus activated LM-cones roughly equally. It is likely because ocular LCA changes more rapidly at shorter wavelength and so the finite spectral bandwidth of LEDs corresponds to a greater dioptric range at shorter wavelengths. This effect disappears for larger accommodative errors, due to the increased depth of focus of the eye

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Cultural Determinants Of Health: An Approach To Promoting Equity [determinantes Culturais Da Saúde: Uma Abordagem Para A Promoção De Equidade]

This article discusses the use of a socio-anthropological approach to the health-disease process as a way of dealing with health inequities. Considering that cultural elements have been poorly treated in the approaches on the Social Determinants of Health, this article explores the idea that ethnic and cultural factors may be related to producing inequalities in health by exposing segments of the population to a more vulnerable condition. The aim, therefore, is to contribute to the challenge of aggregating emerging or repressed ethnic and cultural health related needs to the consolidated current model of care and attention. To do this, we consider, on the one hand, uses of the issue of diversity in the contemporary context and, on the other, the issue of "incompleteness" also related to the institutions created. It suggests, finally, the opportunity presented by the focus of interest of this discussion of cultural aspects relating to worldviews and, in particular, the experience of communities of "terreiros".231119130Abbagnano, N., (1998) Dicionário de filosofia., , 2. ed. São Paulo: Martins FontesAlves, M.C., Seminotti, N., Atenção à saúde em uma comunidade tradicional de terreiro (2009) Revista de Saúde Pública, 43, pp. 85-91. , São Paulo, Suplemento 1Alves, P.C., Rabelo, M.C., Repensando os estudos sobre representações e práticas em saúde/doença (1998) Antropologia da saúde: Traçando identidade e explorando fronteiras., pp. 107-121. , In: ALVES, P. C.RABELO, M. C. (Org.). Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz: Relume DumaráArendt, H., (2007) A condição humana., , Rio de Janeiro: Forense UniversitáriaBaptista, T.W.F., Mattos, R.A., Sobre política (ou o que achamos pertinente refletir para analisar políticas) (2011) Caminhos para análise das políticas de saúde., , http://www.ims.uerj.br/ccaps/?p=443, In: MATTOS, R. A.BAPTISTA, T. W. F. (Org.). Rio de Janeiro: ENSP, Não paginado. Disponível em: Acesso em: 14 nov. 2011Bastide, R., (1978) O candomblé da Bahia: Rito nagô., , São Paulo: NacionalBrasília, DF: INLBauman, Z., (1999) Modernidade e ambivalência., , Rio de Janeiro: Jorge ZaharBauman, Z., (2003) Comunidade: A busca por segurança no mundo atual., , Rio de Janeiro: Jorge ZaharBerger, P., Luckmann, T., (1991) A construção social da realidade: Tratado de sociologia do conhecimento., , Petrópolis: VozesBernstein, R.J., (1983) Beyond objectivism and relativism: Science, hermeneutics and praxis., , Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania(2006) Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no SUS., , http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnpic.pdf, BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Brasília, DF, Disponível em: Acesso em: 2 jul. 2012Buss, P.M., Pellegrini Filho, A., A saúde e seus determinantes sociais (2007) Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, 17 (1), pp. 77-93. , Rio de JaneiroCanguilhem, G., (1995) O normal e o patológico., , 4. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Forense UniversitáriaCaprara, A., Uma abordagem hermenêutica da relação saúde-doença (2003) Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 19 (4), pp. 923-931. , Rio de JaneiroCastoriadis, C., (2000) A instituição imaginária da sociedade., , Rio de Janeiro: Paz e TerraCastoriadis, C., Cohn-Bendit, D., (1981) Da ecologia à autonomia., , São Paulo: BrasilienseCrespi, F., (1997) Manual de sociologia da cultura., , Lisboa: EstampoCzeresnia, D., O conceito de saúde e a diferença entre prevenção e promoção (2003) Promoção da saúde: Conceitos, reflexões, tendência., pp. 39-53. , In: CZERESNIA, D. (Org.). Rio de Janeiro: FiocruzGeertz, C., (2001) Nova luz sobre a antropologia., , Rio de Janeiro: Jorge ZaharGomes, R., As representações sociais e a experiência da doença (2002) Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 18 (5), pp. 1207-1214. , Rio de JaneiroLaplantine, F., (1991) Antropologia da doença., , São Paulo: Martins FontesLaurell, A.C., La salud-enfermedad como proceso social (1982) Revista Latinoamericana de Salud, 2 (1), pp. 7-25. , México, DFLefevre, F., (2004) Promoção de saúde, ou, a negação da negação., , Rio de Janeiro: Vieira & LentLourau, R., (1975) El análisis institucional., , Buenos Aires: AmorrortuLuz, M.T., (1981) As instituições médicas no Brasil: Instituição e estratégia de hegemonia., , 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: GraalMaffesoli, M., (1997) A transfiguração do político: A tribalização do mundo., , Porto Alegre: SulinaMalta, D.C., Merhy, E.E., (2010) O percurso da linha do cuidado., 14 (34), pp. 593-605. , Interface: Comunicação, Saúde, Educação, BotucatuMenéndez, E.L., Antropologia médica e epidemiologia: Processo de convergência ou processo de medicalização (1998) Antropologia da saúde: Traçando identidade e explorando fronteiras., pp. 71-93. , In: ALVES, P. C.RABELO, M. C. (Org.). Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz: Relume DumaráMerhy, E., (2006) Saúde: A cartografia do trabalho vivo., , São Paulo: HucitecMinayo, M.C.S., Construção da identidade da antropologia na área de saúde: O caso brasileiro (1998) Antropologia da saúde: Traçando identidade e explorando fronteiras., pp. 29-46. , In: ALVES, P. C.RABELO, M. C. (Org.). Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz: Relume DumaráMorin, E., (1979) O enigma do homem., , Rio de Janeiro: ZaharMota, C., Leite, L., Corporeidade e saúde no candomblé: Um estudo sobre percepções e práticas de cuidado com o corpo no contexto religioso (2011) Salvador. Anais eletrônicos, , http://www.xiconlab.eventos.dype.com.br/resources/anais/3/1307735790_ARQUIVO_TEXTOCONLABcorpoII.pdf, In: CONGRESSO LUSO AFRO BRASILEIRO DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS: DIVERSIDADES E (DES)IGUALDADES, 11., Salvador: UFBA, 2011. Disponível em: Acesso em: 6 mar. 2012Mota, C.S., Trad, L.A.B., A gente vive pra cuidar da população: Estratégias de cuidado e sentidos para a saúde, doença e cura em terreiros de candomblé (2011) Saúde e Sociedade, 20 (2), pp. 325-337. , São PauloOrtega, F., (2008) O corpo incerto: Corporeidade, tecnologias médicas e cultura contemporânea., , Rio de Janeiro: GaramondSantos, B.S.S., (2004) Conhecimento prudente para uma vida decente: Um discurso sobre as ciências revisitado., , São Paulo: CortezSerra, O., (2010) Candomblé e políticas públicas de saúde em Salvador, Bahia., 15 (1), pp. 163-178. , Mediações, LondrinaValdivia, M., Etnicidad como determinante de la inequidad en salud materno-infantil en el Perú (2011) Protección social en salud en América Latina y el Caribe: Investigación y políticas., pp. 121-158. , In: HERNÁNDEZ BELLO, A.RICO DE SOTELO, C. (Ed.). Bogotá: Pontificia Universidad Javerian

Health Promotion And Leadership Networks [promoção Da Saúde E Redes De Lideranças]

The study of social networks has been gaining importance in health promotion because of the horizontality and synergy created by aggregating groups seeking improved living conditions. Some results of the investigation "Capela in Action and the integrated and participative management of public policies", which assessed an administrative model of the Capela do Socorro subprefecture, in southern São Paulo city, are presented. The analysis of the data addressed the relationships between local leaders, their integration into networks and how far these relationships facilitate actions seeking improved living conditions. The universe of leaders and entities was not defined a priori, but empirically from references collected in the field by the snowball technique. Semi-structured interviews identified groups, movements and entities and their relationships with local government. The data identified 247 leadership positions, 342 associations and complexities of the administrative model studied, within the perspective of the construction of social and political networks as instruments of popular participation. Analyses showed that in inter-group relationships, presented as a sociogram, diffuse connections characterized an extensive, sparse network. Changes are underway in civil society, both in organization and social transformation. Some facts pointed here provide local administration with information to create new opportunities for participation and facilitate local leaders' involvement in the implementation of public policies.231209226Biernacky, P., Walford, D., Snowball sampling: Problems and techniques of chaim referral sampling (1981) Sociol Methods Research, (2), pp. 141-163Borgatti, S.P., Everett, M.G., Freeman, L.C., (2002) Ucinet for Windows: Software for Social Network Analysis, , Harvard: Analytic TechnologiesBuss, P.M., Pellegrini Filho, A., A saúde e seus determinantes (2007) PHYSIS: Rev. Saúde Coletiva, 17 (1), pp. 77-93. , Rio de JaneiroCastells, M., (1999) A sociedade em rede, , São Paulo: Paz e TerraCastells, M., O poder da identidade (2006) Era da Informação, Sociedade e Cultura, , In: CASTELLS, M. A, V.2. São Paulo: Paz e TerraCzeresnia, D., O conceito de saúde e a diferença entre prevenção e promoção (2003) Promoção da Saúde: Conceitos, reflexões, tendências, pp. 39-53. , In: CZERESNIA, D.FREITAS, C.M. (Org.), Rio de Janeiro: FiocruzFernandez, J.C.A., Autonomia e promoção da saúde (2012) Educação e promoção da saúde: Teoria e prática, pp. 499-512. , In: PELICIONI M.C.F.MIALHE, F.L. (Ed.)., São Paulo: SantosGohn, M.G., (2005) Protagonismo da sociedade civil: Movimentos sociais, ONG's e redes solidárias, , São Paulo: Cortez, (Coleção Questões da Nossa Época, v.123)Gurza-Lavalle, A.G., Castello, G., Bichir, R.M., Quando novos atores saem de cena-continuidades e mudanças na centralidade dos movimentos sociais (2004) Política & Sociedade, 5 (2), pp. 35-54. , FlorianópolisGurza-Lavalle, A.G., Castello, G., Bichir, R.M., Protagonistas na sociedade civil: Redes e centralidades de organizações civis em São Paulo (2007) Dados, 50 (3), pp. 465-498. , Rio de JaneiroGurza-Lavalle, A.G., Castello, G., Bichir, R.M., Atores periféricos na sociedade civil: Redes, centralidades e organizações civis em São Paulo (2008) Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, 23 (68), pp. 73-96Lopes, C.S., Rodrigues, L.C., Sichieri, R., The lack of selection bias in a snowball sampled case-control study on drug abuse (1996) International Journal of Epidemiology, 25 (6), pp. 1267-1270Marques, E.C., Redes sociais e institucionais na construção do Estado e da sua permeabilidade (1999) Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, 14 (41), pp. 45-67. , São PauloMarteleto, R.M., Ribeiro, B., Guimarães, C., Informação em movimento: Produção e organização do conhecimento nos espaços sociais (2002) Civitas, 2 (1), pp. 69-80. , Porto AlegreConferência Mundial sobre os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde (2012) Diminuindo as diferenças: A prática das políticas sobre os determinantes sociais de saúde, , http://www.who.int/sdhconference/discussion_paper/Discussion_Paper_PT.pdf, ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE, Documento para discussão. Rio de Janeiro, out 2011. Disponível em:. Acesso em: 16 novScherer-Warren, I., (1996) Redes de movimentos sociais, , 2a ed. São Paulo: LoyolaScherer-Warren, I., Redes de movimentos sociais na América Latina (2008) Caderno CRH, 21 (54), pp. 505-517. , set-dezStoz, E.N., Redes sociais e saúde (2009) Informação, saúde e redes sociais: Diálogos de conhecimentos nas comunidades da Maré, pp. 27-42. , In: MARTELETO, R.M. (Org)., Rio de Janeiro: FiocruzWestphal, M.F., (2008) Capela em ação e a gestão integrada e participativa de políticas públicas, p. 205. , Relatório Técnico. São Paulo: FapespWhitaker, F., Rede: Uma estrutura alternativa de organização (2002) Revista Mutações sociais, (3). , Rio de Janeiro, s/

Participatory Democratic Practices In The Construction Of Social Development Agendas In Municipalities In The Southeast Of Brazil

This article present the results of a study which focused on local processes for implementing social agendas-Agenda 21 and Healthy Cities-in the southeast region of Brazil. It looks at the relations between efforts and their effects on social health determinants, especially those which may be understood by considering the relationship between social actors and the system. Six case studies were carried out to analyze the social experience of implementing their respective agendas. Data was collected through Individual and collective interviews, survey documentation and direct observation of experiences. They were analyzed according to previously defined research topics. Results show that values such as participation, collective construction of policies, sustainability and empowerment become part of the ideology and experience of those directly involved. Furthermore, values also positively impact on actions which have been adopted, promoting health and quality of life of citizens living in these localities.162103126Akerman, M., Mendes, R., Bógus, C.M., Westphal, M.F., Bichir, A., Pedroso, M.L., Avaliação em promoção da saúde: foco no município saudável (2002) Revista de Saúde Pública, 36 (5), pp. 638-646Akerman, M., (2005) Saúde e desenvolvimento local: princípios, práticas e cooperação técnica, , São Paulo: HucitecAndrade, L.O.M., (2006) A Saúde e o Dilema da Intersetorialidade. 1a. ed., 1. , São Paulo: HucitecAlmeida Filho, N., Rouquayrol, M.Z., Elementos de metodologia epidemiológica. (2003) ROUQUAYROL, MZ., ALMEIDA FILHO, N. Epidemiologia e Saúde. 6 ed., , Rio de Janeiro: MedsiAshton, J.R., Los orígenes de ciudades sanas (1993) ASHTON, J. (Org.). Ciudades sanas, , Barcelona: MassonAshton, J.R., From Healthy Towns 1843 to Healthy Cities 2008 (2009) Public Health, 123, pp. e11-e13Arteaga, E., Rice, M., FRANCESCHINI, MC. Documenting the current state of the healthy municipalities, cities and communities initiative in the Americas (2007) International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 28 (4), pp. 277-88Ayres, J.R.C.M., Epidemiologia, promoção da saúde e o paradoxo do risco (2002) Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 5, pp. 28-42. , Suplemento 1Barton, H., Grant, M., Mitcham, C., Tsouros, A., (2009), 24, pp. i91-i99. , WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Cities and Urban Policy, School of Built and Natural Environment, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. Health Promotion InternationalBerger, P., Luckmann, T., (1991) A Construção social da realidade: tratado de sociologia do conhecimento, , Petrópolis: VozesBreilh, J., (2006) Epidemiologia Crítica: Ciência Emancipadora e Interculturalidade, , Rio de Janeiro: FiocruzBuss, P.M., Pellegrini Filho, A., A saúde e seus determinantes sociais (2007) Physis (UERJ. Impresso), 17, pp. 77-93Campos, G.W.S., Saúde pública e saúde coletiva: campo e núcleo de saberes e práticas (2000) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 5 (2), pp. 219-230. , http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-81232000000200002&lng=en&nrm=iso, Available at: Accessed on: 31 Mar 2012Carvalho, S.R., (2005) Saúde Coletiva e promoção da saúde: sujeito e mudança, , São Paulo: HucitecCecilio, L.C.O., Merhy, E.E., Campos, G.W.S., Inventando a mudança na saúde (1994) São Paulo, HucitecCreswell, J.W., Clark, V.L.P., (2007) Designing and conducting mixed methods research, , Sage, California, USADachs, J.N.W., Determinantes das desigualdades na auto-avaliação do estado de saúde no Brasil: análise dos dados da PNAD/1998 (2002) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 7 (4), pp. 641-657De Leeuw, E., Evidence for Healthy Cities: reflections on practice, method and theory (2009) Health Promotion International, 24 (SUPPLEMENT 1), pp. i19-i36Drachler, M.L., Proposta de metodologia para selecionar indicadores de desigualdade em saúde visando definir prioridades de políticas públicas no Brasil (2003) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 18 (2), pp. 461-470Dubet, F., (1994) Sociologia da Experiência, , Lisboa: Instituto PiagetDuhl, L.J., The healthy city: its funcion and its future (1986) Health Promotion, 1, pp. 55-60Fleck, M.P.A., O instrumento de avaliação de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-100): características e perspectivas (2000) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 5 (1), pp. 33-38Gadotti, M.A., Agenda 21 e a Carta da Terra, , http://www.cartadaterra.com.br/pdf/Agenda21_CT2002.pdf, [documento na Internet]. Available at: Accessed on: 31 Mar 2012. s/dGreen, G., Acres, J., Price, C., Tsouros, A., City health development planning (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i72-i80. , Supplement 1Hancock, T., The evolution, impact and significance of the healthy cities/healthy communities movement (1993) Journal of Public Health Policy, 14 (1), pp. 5-18Heritage, Z., Dooris, M., Community participation and empowerment in Healthy Cities (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i45-i55. , SUPPLEMENT 1Ison, E., The introduction of health impact assessment in the WHO European Healthy Cities Network (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i64-i71. , SUPPLEMENT 1Lenzi, C.L., A Política democrática da sustentabilidade: os modelos deliberativo e associativo de democracia ambiental (2009) Ambiente & Sociedade, 12 (1), pp. 19-36Mendes, R., Qualidade de vida nas cidades: o movimento por cidades saudáveis (2001) Qualidade de Vida-Centro de Estudos Avançados em Economia Aplicada USP, 3 (26), pp. 1-4Meresman, S., Rice, M., Vizzotti, C., Frassia, R., Vizzotti, P., Akerman, M., Contributions for repositioning a regional strategy for Healthy Municipalities, Cities and Communities (HM&C): results of a Pan-American survey (2010) Journal of Urban Health, 87 (5), pp. 740-54O'Neill, M., Simard, P., Choosing indicators to evaluate Healthy Cities projects: a political task? (2006) Health Promotion International, 21 (2), pp. 145-152Patton, M., (1980) Qualitative evaluation methods, , Beverly Hills: SagePellegrini Filho, A., Public policy and the social determinants of health: the challenge of the production and use of scientific evidence (2011) Cad. Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, 27sup, 2. , S135-S140Roux, G., (1999) La participación social, factor dinamizador de la estrategia de Municipios Saludables, , Tercero Congreso de las Américas de Municipios y Comunidades Saludables. MedellinSá, R.F., Nishida, M., (2008) Evidências da efetividade do Projeto Municípios saudáveis no Nordeste do Brasil: o olhar da gestão, , Recife: Ed. Universitária da UFPESantos, B.S., Reinventar a democracia: entre o pré-contratualismo e o póscontratualismo. In: OLIVEIRA, F., PAOLI, MC. (Org.) (2000) Os sentidos da democracia: políticas do dissenso e a hegemonia global. Petrópolis, RJ: VozesBrasília: NEDICSapag, J.C., Kawashi, I., Capital social y promoción de la salud en América Latina (2007) Revista de Saúde Pública, 41 (1), pp. 139-49Thompson, B., Winner, C., Durability of community interventions programs: definitions, empirical studies and strategical planning (1999) BRACHT, N. (Ed.). Health promotion at the community level: new advances, pp. 137-54. , Newbury Park: SAGETravassos, C., Desigualdades geográficas e sociais na utilização de serviços de saúde no Brasil (2000) Ciência e Saúde Coletiva, 5 (1), pp. 133-149Tsouros, A., City leadership for health and sustainable development: The World Health Organization European Healthy Cities (2009) Health Promotion International, 24, pp. i4-i10. , SUPPLEMENT 1Westphal, M.F., Pais, T.D., (2006) Capela Saudável: gestão de políticas integradas e participativas, , São Paulo: Editora HUCITECWestphal, M.F., Zioni, F., Almeida, M.F., Nascimento, P.R., Monitoring millennium development goals in Brazilian Municipalities: challenges to be met in facing up to iniquities (2011) Cad Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, 27, pp. S155-S163Zioni, F., Westphal, M.F., O Enfoque dos Determinantes Sociais de Saúde sob o ponto de vista da Teoria Social (2007) Saúde e Sociedade, 16 (3), pp. 26-34Westphal, M.F., (2009) Relatório do projeto "Saúde e desenvolvimento local", entregue para o CNPq, e

A multicenter study confirms CD226 gene association with systemic sclerosis-related pulmonary fibrosis

Contains fulltext : 110852.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)INTRODUCTION: CD226 genetic variants have been associated with a number of autoimmune diseases and recently with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of this study was to test the influence of CD226 loci in SSc susceptibility, clinical phenotypes and autoantibody status in a large multicenter European population. METHODS: A total of seven European populations of Caucasian ancestry were included, comprising 2,131 patients with SSc and 3,966 healthy controls. Three CD226 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs763361, rs3479968 and rs727088, were genotyped using Taqman 5'allelic discrimination assays. RESULTS: Pooled analyses showed no evidence of association of the three SNPs, neither with the global disease nor with the analyzed subphenotypes. However, haplotype block analysis revealed a significant association for the TCG haplotype (SNP order: rs763361, rs34794968, rs727088) with lung fibrosis positive patients (PBonf = 3.18E-02 OR 1.27 (1.05 to 1.54)). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the tested genetic variants do not individually influence SSc susceptibility but a CD226 three-variant haplotype is related with genetic predisposition to SSc-related pulmonary fibrosis

Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Microscopic Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Patients with microscopic colitis and patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) present with similar symptoms. We examined the association between IBS and microscopic colitis in a systematic review and meta-analysis.We searched the medical literature to identify cross-sectional surveys or case-control studies reporting the association between microscopic colitis and IBS in 50 or more unselected adult patients. We recorded the prevalence of IBS symptoms in patients with histologically confirmed microscopic colitis, or the prevalence of histologically confirmed microscopic colitis in patients with IBS. Data were pooled using a random-effects model; the association between microscopic colitis and IBS was summarized using an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).The search strategy identified 3926 citations, of which 10 were eligible for our analysis. The pooled prevalence of IBS in patients with microscopic colitis was 33.4% (95% CI, 31.5%-40.6%), but was not significantly higher in patients with microscopic colitis than in patients with diarrhea (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.43-4.47). In 3 cross-sectional surveys, the pooled OR for microscopic colitis in participants with IBS, compared with other patients with diarrhea, was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.44-1.04). In 4 case-control studies the prevalence of IBS in patients with microscopic colitis was significantly higher than in asymptomatic controls (OR, 5.16; 95% CI, 1.32-20.2).Based on a meta-analysis, one third of patients with microscopic colitis reported symptoms compatible with IBS, but the prevalence of IBS was no higher than in other patients with diarrhea. The odds of microscopic colitis were no higher in patients with IBS compared with other patients with diarrhea. The value of routine colonoscopy and biopsy to exclude microscopic colitis in patients with typical IBS symptoms, unless other risk factors or alarm symptoms are present, remains uncertain

Lalinet status - Station expansion and lidar ratio systematic measurements

LALINET is expanding regionally to guarantee spatial coverage over South and Central Americas. One of the network goals is to obtain a set of regional representative aerosol optical properties such as particle backscatter, extinction and lidar ratio. Given the North-South extension and influence of distinct airmass circulation patterns it is paramount to distinguish these optical parameters in order to gain better perfomance in radiation transfer models. A set of lidar ratio data is presented. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018