Effect of storage period on the accuracy of elastomeric impressions

AIMS: To investigate the effect of the storage period on the accuracy of recently developed elastomeric materials. METHODS: Simultaneous impressions of a steel die were taken using a polyether (I: Impregum Soft Heavy and Light body, 3M ESPE) and vinyl polysiloxane (P: Perfectim Blue Velvet and Flexi-Velvet, J.Morita). The trays were loaded with the heavy-bodied impression materials while the light-bodied impression materials were simultaneously spread on the steel die. The impressions were poured after 2 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days. Impressions were stored at approximately 55% relative humidity and room temperature. Ten replicas were produced for each experimental condition (n=60). Accuracy of the stone dies was assessed with a depth-measuring microscope. The difference in height between the surface of the stone die and a standard metallic ring was recorded in micrometers at four demarcated points, by two independent examiners. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (a = 0.05). RESULTS: Significant differences were found among the groups. Smaller discrepancies were observed when pouring was performed up to 24 hours (I-2h= 65.0 ± 15.68 µm; I-24h= 81.6 ± 11.13 µm) for the polyether, and up to 7 days for the vinyl polysiloxane (P-2h= 79.1 ± 13.82 µm; P-24h= 96.8 ± 6.02 µm; P-7d= 81.4 ± 4.3 µm). Significant dimensional discrepancies, however, were observed when polyether was stored for 7 days (I-7d= 295.3 ± 17.4 µm). CONCLUSION: Storage may significantly affect the dimensional accuracy of impressions and, thus, a maximum period and storage condition should be specified for the recently developed materials

Classification of Urban Solid Waste Collected with the Use of Ecobarriers in Watercourses in the Municipality of Caçapava do Sul, RS

Urban solid waste is a serious problem in cities when disposed in inappropriate places or when there is a deficiency in its collection, which can cause several environmental problems. In periods of rain, these problems become more evident when these residues are transported to drainage networks and water courses, accumulating and creating obstacles to the flow, causing floods, floods, etc. In this regard, this work aimed to collect and classify urban solid waste in two water courses in the municipality of Caçapava do Sul, an ecological barrier made with recyclable materials called Ecobarrier, placed across water courses in order to retain floating waste that is transported by water. As a result, the vast majority of residues retained in the eco-barriers correspond to the category of organic matter, this is due to the vegetation around the water bodies studied, followed by the plastic, metal and textile category respectively. Thus, it can be seen that the presence of floating garbage in the water courses of the municipality partially reflects the lack of concern on the part of the population and governments with its effects on human and environmental health. It is in this context, to avoid the generation of floating waste, that the integration of public policies can play a fundamental role, with the help of environmental education

CVDentus bur for epithelial abrasion in the treatment of melanin pigmentation: case report

Introduction: The gingival melanin hyperpigmentation (GMH) is resulted from an abnormal deposition of melanin, but it is not a pathology. However, GMH is an esthetic problem for some people. Some alternatives of treatment for this situation exist. The epithelial abrasion has been an interesting alternative because it has a satisfactory esthetic outcome, is a fast procedure, of easy execution, and low cost. Recently, tips adapted in ultrasound (CVDentus) can bean alternative approach. Objective: To report a clinical case of GMH treated by the technique of the epithelial abrasion with association of instrument adapted in ultrasound. Case report: Patient aged 28 years, melanoderm, sought treatment due to esthetic dissatisfaction because of intense dark color in the maxillary gingiva. The GMH removal was proposed through the technique of the epithelialabrasion CVD bur. Conclusion: The technique of epithelial abrasion using CVD bur was effective in removing GMH at one-year follow-up showing to be easy and safe technique.Introduction: The gingival melanin hyperpigmentation (GMH) is resulted from an abnormal deposition of melanin, but it is not a pathology. However, GMH is an esthetic problem for some people. Some alternatives of treatment for this situation exist. The epithelial abrasion has been an interesting alternative because it has a satisfactory esthetic outcome, is a fast procedure, of easy execution, and low cost. Recently, tips adapted in ultrasound (CVDentus) can bean alternative approach. Objective: To report a clinical case of GMH treated by the technique of the epithelial abrasion with association of instrument adapted in ultrasound. Case report: Patient aged 28 years, melanoderm, sought treatment due to esthetic dissatisfaction because of intense dark color in the maxillary gingiva. The GMH removal was proposed through the technique of the epithelialabrasion CVD bur. Conclusion: The technique of epithelial abrasion using CVD bur was effective in removing GMH at one-year follow-up showing to be easy and safe technique

Psychophysical Measurements of Luminance Contrast Sensitivity and Color Discrimination with Transparent and Blue-Light Filter Intraocular Lenses

The purpose of this study was to measure luminance contrast sensitivity and color vision thresholdfs in normal subjects using a blue light filter lens and transparent intraocular lens material. Monocular luminance grating contrast sensitivity was measured with Psycho for Windows (version 2.36; Cambridge Research Systems) at 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, 20.0, and 30.0 cycles per degree of visual angle (cpd) in 15 normal subjects (eight female), with a mean age of 21.6 years (SD = 3.8 years). Chromatic discrimination was assessed with the Cambridge colour test (CCT) along the protan, deutan, and tritan color confusion axes. Both tests were performed in a darkened room under two situations: with a transparent lens and with blue light filter lens. Subjective impressions were taken by subjects regarding their visual experience under both conditions. No difference was found between the luminance contrast sensitivity measured with transparent and blue light filter. However, 13/15 (87%) of the subjects reported more comfortable vision with the blue filter. In the color vision test, tritan thresholds were significantly higher for the blue filter compared with the transparent filter (p = 0.003). For protan and deutan thresholds no differences were found. Blue-yellow color vision is impaired with the blue light filter, and no impairment occurs with the transparent filter. No significant differences in thresholds were found in the luminance contrast sensitivity comparing the blue light and transparent filters. The impact of short wavelength light filtering on intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells is also discussed.FAPESP Projeto TematicoFINEPCNPqUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Psicol Expt, Inst Psicol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Nucleo Neurociencias & Comportamento & Neurocienc, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Oftalmol, Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Oftalmol, Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP Projeto Tematico: 02/12733-8FINEP: 66.95.0407.00CNPq: 523303/95-5Web of Scienc

Periodontal plastic surgery for treatment of gummy smile with cosmetic restauration treatment

Introduction: Today, the appreciation of aesthetic dentistry by society brought to the search for materials and techniques that improve the appearance of smile, which is essential in maintaining physical and mental health of the patient. Objective: This study aimed to report a case of gummy smile involving Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. Case report: This case, despite other possible alternatives, was solved through periodontal surgery (clinical crown augmentation associated with osteotomy) and indirect restorations with porcelain crowns. Conclusion: In our experience this procedure is safe, predictable, with minimal risks or side effects, and it is a treatment option for these cases.Introduction: Today, the appreciation of aesthetic dentistry by society brought to the search for materials and techniques that improve the appearance of smile, which is essential in maintaining physical and mental health of the patient. Objective: This study aimed to report a case of gummy smile involving Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. Case report: This case, despite other possible alternatives, was solved through periodontal surgery (clinical crown augmentation associated with osteotomy) and indirect restorations with porcelain crowns. Conclusion: In our experience this procedure is safe, predictable, with minimal risks or side effects, and it is a treatment option for these cases

Influência do refazimento das demonstrações contábeis no gerenciamento de resultados das empresas listadas na BM&FBovespa

A qualidade da informação contábil é essencial para os stakeholders, e a prática de gerenciamento de resultado é uma medida de qualidade da informação. Atrelada a isso, a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) solicita a republicação das demonstrações contábeis sempre que julgar necessário. Contudo, no ato da republicação das demonstrações contábeis pode haver diferentes julgamentos em relação às escolhas contábeis por parte dos gestores, ocasionando modificações no nível de gerenciamento de resultados das organizações e assimetria informacional entre o principal e o agente. Desse modo, o objetivo com este estudo foi verificar a influência do refazimento das demonstrações contábeis no gerenciamento de resultados das empresas listadas na BM&FBovespa. A análise ocorreu no período pré-refazimento, ano do refazimento e pós-refazimento. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, documental e com abordagem de cunho quantitativo. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 18 empresas com refazimento das demonstrações contábeis entre 1995 e 2012, e para fins de comparação foram selecionadas 18 empresas sem refazimento listadas na BM&FBovespa que continham similaridades em relação ao tamanho e ao setor de atuação. Os resultados não revelam diferenças quanto à média dos accruals discricionários entre os períodos pré-refazimento, ano do refazimento e pós-refazimento. Por outro lado, os resultados em comparação com as empresas que não foram obrigadas ao refazimento das demonstrações contábeis revelam que o refazimento influencia o gerenciamento de resultado negativo. Diante das variáveis testadas, verificou-se que o endividamento influencia o gerenciamento de resultado negativo e que o tamanho da empresa influencia o gerenciamento de resultado positivo. Palavras-chave: Refazimento das demonstrações contábeis. Gerenciamento de resultados. Qualidade da informação contábil.   Abstract   The quality of accounting information is essential for stakeholders and the practice of earnings management is a measure of quality of the information. Coupled to this, the Brazilian Securities Commission (CVM) requests the republication of the financial statements whenever necessary. However, upon republication of the financial statements may be different judgments about the financial choices by managers, resulting in changes in the level of earnings management organizations and informational asymmetry between the principal and the agent. Thus, the objective with this study was to investigate the influence of the restatement of financial statements in earnings management of companies listed on BM&FBovespa. The analysis took place in the pre-restatement period, the year of restatement and post-restatement. We conducted a descriptive, documentary, with quantitative nature approach. The survey sample consisted of 18 companies with restatement of financial statements from 1995 to 2012 and for comparison 18 companies without restatement listed on BM&FBovespa containing similarities in the size and sector of activity were selected. The results did not reveal differences from the average of discretionary accruals between the periods of pre-restatement, year of restatement and post-restatement. On the other hand, the results compared to companies that were not required to restate the financial statements reveal that the restatement influences the negative earnings management. Before the variables tested, it was found that the debt influences the negative earnings management and company size influences the positive earnings management. Keywords: Restatement of financial statements. Earnings management. Quality of accounting information

Effect of 2% chlorhexidine treated coronal dentin on bond strength of two self-adhesives cements

Despite advances in adhesive dentistry, lasting bonds between indirect restorations and dentin remain a challenge. Objective: Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine on the bond strength of self-adhesive cements to dentin after storage for 24 h and 90 days. Material and methods: Forty-eight human third molars crowns were included in polyvinyl chloride matrices using acrylic resin and worn to expose a flat dentin area. The specimens were randomly distributed into 8 groups (n = 12) in accordance with the self-adhesive cement (Rely X U200 and Smart Cem 2), the dentin treatment (application or not of 2 % chlorhexidine digluconate solution for 1 min) and the storage period (24 h or 90 d). Two cylinders’ cements (1.4 x 1 mm) were constructed on the dentin surfaces of each sample, stored in distilled water for 24 h or 90 days and submitted to a micro-shear test. Subsequently, a failure analysis was performed to classify the failure into adhesive, cohesive, and mixed. Data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey (0.05) tests. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the materials (Rely X U200 > Smart Cem 2 – p < 0.05) regardless of the surface treatment and the storage period. Conclusion: The chlorhexidine application did not affect the immediate or delayed bond strength values, regardless of the self-adhesive cement

Effect of surface treatments on the bond strength of CAD/CAM fiberglass posts

Background: There is no ideal protocol for the surface treatment of fiber posts, especially when using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) experimental fiberglass block. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a CAD/CAM customized glass fiber post and core after applying different surface treatment techniques. Material and Methods: Forty premolars were prepared to receive a customized CAD/CAM glass-fiber post and core obtained from an experimental block of glass fiber and epoxy resin. The specimens were randomly distributed in 4 groups (n=10) according to the post and core surface treatment: ETH - 70% ethanol; HP - 24% hydrogen peroxide for 1 minute; ETH/S - 70% ethanol + silane; HP/S - 24% hydrogen peroxide + silane. The universal adhesive containing silane was applied on the posts and prepared post spaces in all groups. The posts were cemented using dual cure resin cement. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h, cut (two slices of 1 mm for each root third - coronal, middle, and apical) and subjected to push-out test (0.5 mm/min). Data was subjected to two-way ANOVA (surface treatment and root third) and Tukey?s test (?=0,05). Results: There was no significant difference of bond strength values among groups, regardless the surface treatment ( p >0.05). There was significant difference on bond strength values for the different root thirds ( p - middle=apical). Conclusions: The different surface treatment and application of additional silane in the CAD/CAM customized glass-fiber post and core does not interfere on bond strength values. The root dentin third interfered on the bond strength, with higher values for the coronal third

Phenological responses of Brazilian wheat cultivars to vernalization and photoperiod

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes combinações de vernalização e fotoperíodo no desenvolvimento de cinco cultivares brasileiras de trigo. O experimento foi realizado em Passo Fundo, RS, em três épocas de semeadura: 23/6, 25/7 e 27/8 de 2003. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subsubdivididas e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de: três regimes fotoperiódicos – fotoperíodo natural (FN), fotoperíodo estendido em quatro horas (FE 4) e fotoperíodo estendido até completar vinte horas de luz (FE 20) – locados na parcela principal; dois regimes de vernalização – não vernalizado (NV) e vernalizado com 30 dias (V) –, na subparcela; e cinco cultivares de trigo – BRS 179, BRS 194, BRS 207, BRS Figueira e BRS Umbu, avaliadas nas subsubparcelas. Houve interação entre fotoperíodo e cultivar (semeadura em 23/6), e todas as cultivares tiveram o ciclo reduzido com o aumento do fotoperíodo, enquanto nas plantas com épocas de semeadura 25/7 e 27/8, houve interação entre fotoperíodo e cultivar e entre vernalização e cultivar. Essas variáveis aceleraram o ciclo de desenvolvimento da cultura e interferiram na duração dos subperíodos importantes para a formação dos componentes do rendimento de grãos.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of vernalization and photoperiod on the phenological development of five Brazilian wheat cultivars. The experiment was carried out in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, in three sowing dates: June 23, July 25 and August 27 of 2003. The experimental design was random block, with split split plots, and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of: three light regimes – natural photoperiod (NP), four hour day length extensions (EP 4), and an extended photoperiod of 20 hours of light per day (EP 20), in the main plot; two vernalization regimes – unvernalized (NV) and vernalized during thirty days (V) – in the split plot; and five wheat cultivars – BRS 179, BRS 194, BRS 207, BRS Figueira, and BRS Umbu – evaluated in the split split plots. There was an interaction between photoperiod and cultivar cycle for the first sowing date. For all the cultivars, the cycle was reduced with the increase of the photoperiod. However, for the second and third sowing dates, there was also an interaction between cultivars and vernalization. These variables accelerated the crop cycle, and affected the duration of important subperiods for the composition of yield grain components