Satisfaction with the Care Received and the Childbirth and Puerperium Experience in Christian and Muslim Pregnant Women

Over the last three decades, there has been an increase in the population as a result of the migratory flow due to the arrival of migrants to Spain, including young women of childbearing age and with reproductive capacity. This phenomenon has made childbirth assistance an extremely important priority in recent years. The aim of this study was to assess the satisfaction and experience during childbirth and the postpartum period in pregnant women according to their religion after assistance in a tertiary hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 242 women using the validated Spanish version of the Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale (MCSRS) to measure satisfaction with the childbirth experience during the months of January to April 2021. Statistically significant differences were found in the domains of birth satisfaction (p < 0.01), satisfaction with the obstetrician (p < 0.01), and perception of pain during labour (p < 0.01). The Christian group of women scored higher in these three domains as compared to the Muslim group. The rate of breastfeeding at birth was 5.26 times higher among the Muslim group compared to the Christian group (p = 0.02). The experience of childbirth and the puerperium significantly influenced the levels of satisfaction of pregnant women with the process of childbirth in a different way according to the religious culture of the patient

Proteomic study of the membrane components of signalling cascades of Botrytis cinerea controlled by phosphorylation

Protein phosphorylation and membrane proteins play an important role in the infection of plants by phytopathogenic fungi, given their involvement in signal transduction cascades. Botrytis cinerea is a well-studied necrotrophic fungus taken as a model organism in fungal plant pathology, given its broad host range and adverse economic impact. To elucidate relevant events during infection, several proteomics analyses have been performed in B. cinerea, but they cover only 10% of the total proteins predicted in the genome database of this fungus. To increase coverage, we analysed by LC-MS/MS the first-reported overlapped proteome in phytopathogenic fungi, the “phosphomembranome” of B. cinerea, combining the two most important signal transduction subproteomes. Of the 1112 membrane-associated phosphoproteins identified, 64 and 243 were classified as exclusively identified or overexpressed under glucose and deproteinized tomato cell wall conditions, respectively. Seven proteins were found under both conditions, but these presented a specific phosphorylation pattern, so they were considered as exclusively identified or overexpressed proteins. From bioinformatics analysis, those differences in the membrane-associated phosphoproteins composition were associated with various processes, including pyruvate metabolism, unfolded protein response, oxidative stress response, autophagy and cell death. Our results suggest these proteins play a significant role in the B. cinerea pathogenic cycl

Objective Analysis of Movement in Subjects with ADHD. Multidisciplinary Control Tool for Students in the Classroom

The term Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a long history of problems behind it. The origin of all these problems lies in the lack of agreement in the assessment procedures and evaluation instruments. The diagnosis is clinical and is determined by the observation and information provided by parents and teachers. So, this is highly subjective and leads to disparate results. Therefore, on the one hand the inaccuracy of the diagnosis of ADHD, which has been based on subjective criteria, together with the fact that hyperactivity is one of the main symptoms of this disorder, implies that several studies (with limitations) have been carried out to record objective measures of movement in subjects in at least the last ten years. In order to solve some of this derived problems and limitations of previous studies, a computer program has been developed to objectively record the amount of movement of subjects. The main objective of this study is threefold: first to register the amount of movement of both experimental group and control group, then to compare them with the movement registered by observers and finally to determine the validity of the software developed as a tool to support the diagnosis of ADHD. Results show that there are significant differences in the amount of objective movement between a clinical group of subjects with ADHD and a control group, obtaining a higher average of movement the experimental group. In addition, results also demonstrate that the developed software is a valid tool for the evaluation of movement that solves the limitations of previous studies. The proposed tool is developed from different aspects to give it a multidisciplinary character.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spain), project RTI2018-096219-B-I00. Project cofinanced with FEDER funds

THE PUNIC TRADE IN THE ANCIENT ESTUARY OF GUADALQUIVIR RIVER

El objetivo que nos hemos planteado en esta contribución es el estudio de la circulación de productos, de los mecanismos de intercambio y de las pautas de consumo en el entorno del Bajo Guadalquivir entre los siglos V y II a.C. A través de la lectura que hacemos de los registros cerámicos de Ilipa, Caura y *Spal hemos documentado un punto de inflexión en el siglo IV a.C. Hasta entonces las importaciones mediterráneas, aunque presentes, eran escasas, y la circulación de productos alimenticios se hacía en envases anfóricos (Pellicer B-C) a los que se le supone una producción local, o en ánforas salazoneras del área del Estrecho en sentido amplio, incluyendo también las procedentes de la costa malacitana (Mañá-Pascual A4). A partir del siglo IV a.C. la proporción de productos provenientes de los talleres de Gadir y de la campiña gaditana aumenta exponencialmente, con un período de apogeo centrado en el siglo III a.C. En líneas generales podemos afirmar que una parte mayoritaria de las ánforas importadas registradas fueron fabricadas en los talleres de Gadir, ciudad que se constituye en el primer, y casi único, interlocutor comercial de los centros ribereños del Baetis. Tan sólo durante la II Guerra Púnica, y tras la conquista romana, llegan productos de procedencias más lejanas, como los contenidos en los envases púnicos centromediterráneos, o las ánforas grecoitálicas de vino campano; pero aún éstas arriban al emporio fluvial teniendo a Gadir como escala intermedia. Resulta evidente, pues, el carácter empórico de *Spal, hipotético para tiempos anteriores al siglo IV a.C. El predominio de envases anfóricos sobre otras producciones cerámicas en todos los contextos revisados de los siglos IV al II a.C., ya es un dato significativo que parece evidenciar la proliferación de edificios y basureros relacionados, respectivamente, con el almacenamiento y la amortización de recipientes comercializados. Por otro lado, el origen de una parte importante de los contenedores y de algunas vajillas, como la cerámica ática de barniz negro o la «tipo Kuass», hace patente la vinculación de *Spal con Gadir, y su carácter de centro redistribuidor de productos propios y ajenos.The objective that we have formulated for this contribution is the study of the circulation of products, of the mechanisms of exchange and of the patterns of consumption in the area of the Lower Guadalquivir during the 5th to 2nd centuries BC. Through our reading of the pottery records of Ilipa, Caura and *Spal, we have documented an inflexion point in the 4th century BC. Prior to this date, Mediterranean imports, although present, were scarce, and the circulation of foodstuffs was enabled by amphorae containers (Pellicer B-C), identified as local productions, or by the salting containers of the area of the Straight, also including those of the coast of Malaga (Mañá-Pascual A4). From the 4th century onwards, the frequency of products from the workshops of Gadir and from the inlands of Cadiz increased exponentially, reaching a peak during the 3rd century BC. In general terms, we may affirm that most of the known imported amphorae were produced in the workshops of Gadir, the city that became the first, and practically only, commercial negotiator of the waterside centres of the Baetis. Only during the second Punic War and after the Roman conquest, did products arrive from further afar, for instance the contents of the Centro Mediterranean containers or of the Greco-Italic amphorae of wine from Campania; but even these arrived to the fluvial emporium, finding in Gadir an intermediary stopover. The idea of *Spal as an emporium, hypothetical for dates prior to the 4th century, thus appears to be clear. The predominance of amphorae over any other pottery product in all of the contexts that we have reassessed, dating from the 4th to the 2nd century BC, is in itself a significant element that appears to confirm the proliferation of buildings and tips that were linked, respectively, to the storage and amortisation of the commercialised containers. On the other hand, the origin of an important part of the containers and some tableware, such as the Attic black slipware or the ‘Kuass type’ pottery, illustrates the relationship between *Spal and Gadir, and their role as redistribution centres for their own and for imported products

Estrés oxidativo y osteonecrosis de la cabeza femoral

La osteonecrosis no traumática de la cabeza femoral representa un problema clínico importante, ya que hasta un 80% de los casos terminan en un colapso osteocondral con gran destrucción ósea y daño articular, con dolor y pérdida de la función de la cadera, necesitando finalmente una intervención de prótesis de sustitución a una edad temprana. La patogénesis de esta enfermedad es multifactorial y se conocen diversidad de factores etiológicos asociados a ella: consumo de alcohol y tabaco, uso de costicosteroides, alteraciones hemostáticas, alteraciones en el metabolismo lipídico y presencia de ciertos polimorfismos genéticos. Sin embargo, un gran número están descritas como idiopáticas y no presentan factores de riesgo. Recientes estudios en modelos animales de ONF inducida por esteroides sugieren que el estrés oxidativo podría estar involucrado en el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Estos estudios muestran que la administración de sustancias oxidantes aumenta el riesgo de padecer la enfermedad y que la administración de antioxidantes podría prevenir el desarrollo de la misma.Non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head represents a significant clinical problem. Chondral collapse occurs in up to 80% of the untreated cases resulting in bone destruction, pain and loss of joint function and prosthetic hip replacement at an early age is needed. The pathogenesis of the disease is likely multifactorial and seve- ral etiologic factors are known to be associated with it: alcohol intake, smoking, corticosteroid use, impaired hemos- tasis and lipid metabolism, and the presence of certain polymorphisms. However, a significant number are described, as idiopathic and do not present any risk factor. Recent studies in steroid-induced ONF animal models suggest that oxidative stress could be involved in the development of the disease. These studies show that the administration of pro-oxidant substances increase the risk of disease and antioxidants administration might prevent the development thereo

Synthesis and NMR structure determination of new linear geranylphenols by direct geranylation of activated phenols.

Indexación: Web of Science; ScieloThe known geranylhydroquinone 2, geranylorcinol 4 and the derivative (E)-4-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol 5, were prepared by Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS) reactions between the corresponding phenol derivatives containing electron-donor subtituents and geraniol using BF3XOEt2 as a catalyst. In addition, spectroscopic NMR information for 4 and 5 is complemented. Furthermore, the new (E)-2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl) benzene-1,3,5-triol (geranylphloroglucinol) 13, (E)-2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene 14, (E)-2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-6-methoxyphenol 15, (E)-3-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-2-methoxyphenol 16, (E)-5-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-2-methoxyphenol 17, (E)-4-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)benzene-1,3-diol 18, (E)-3-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)benzene-1,2-diol 19, (E)-4-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol 20, (E)-2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol 21, (E)-2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-4-isopropyl-5-methylphenol 22, and(E)-2-tert-butyl-4-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)-5-methylphenol 23 were also prepared with this synthesis strategy. All the synthesized compounds were fully characterized and their structures were established by IR, MS and mainly NMR spectroscopic dates.http://ref.scielo.org/3cj5t

Movement Patterns in Students Diagnosed with ADHD, Objective Measurement in a Natural Learning Environment

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the most common neuropsychological disorder in childhood and adolescence, affecting the basic psychological processes involved in learning, social adaptation and affective adjustment. From previous research, the disorder is linked to problems in different areas of development, with deficiencies in psychological processes leading to the development of the most common characteristics of the disorder such as inattention, excess of activity and lack of inhibitory control. As for the diagnosis, in spite of being a very frequent disorder, there are multiple controversies about which tools are the most suitable for evaluation. One of the most widespread tools in the professional field is behavior inventories such as the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires for Parents and Teachers or the ADHD Rating Scale-V. The main disadvantage of these assessment tools is that they do not provide an objective observation. For this reason, there are different studies focused on recording objective measures of the subjects’ movement, since hyperkinesia is one of the most characteristic symptoms of this disorder. In this sense, we have developed an application that, using a Kinect device, is capable of measuring the movement of the different parts of the body of up to six subjects in the classroom, being a natural context for the student. The main objective of this work is twofold, on the one hand, to investigate whether there are correlations between excessive movement and high scores in the inventories for the diagnosis of ADHD, Rating Scale-V and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and, on the other hand, to determine which sections of the body present the most significant mobility in subjects diagnosed with ADHD. Results show that the control group, composed of neurotypical subjects, presents less kinaesthetic activity than the clinical group diagnosed with ADHD. This indicates that the experimental group presents one of the main characteristics of the disorder. In addition, results also show that practically all the measured body parts present significant differences, being higher in the clinical group, highlighting the head as the joint with the highest effect size.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spain), project RTI2018-096219-B-I00. Project cofinanced with FEDER funds

In-field assessment of batteries and PV modules in a large photovoltaic rural electrification programme

Assuring the sustainability of quality in photovoltaic rural electrification programmes involves enhancing the reliability of the components of solar home systems as well as the characterization of the overall programme cost structure. Batteries and photovoltaic modules have a great impact on both the reliability and the cost assessment, the battery being the weakest component of the solar home system and consequently the most expensive element of the programme. The photovoltaic module, despite being the most reliable component, has a significant impact cost-wise on the initial investment, even at current market prices. This paper focuses on the in-field testing of both batteries and photovoltaic modules working under real operating conditions within a sample of 41 solar home systems belonging to a large photovoltaic rural electrification programme with more than 13,000 installed photovoltaic systems. Different reliability parameters such as lifetime have been evaluated, taking into account different factors, for example energy consumption rates, or the manufacturing quality of batteries. A degradation model has been proposed relating both loss of capacity and time of operation. The user e solar home system binomial is also analysed in order to understand the meaning of battery lifetime in rural electrification

Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y Relaciones Laborales

En este trabajo hemos dado a conocer lo que es la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y su influencia y efectos en las Relaciones Laborales, centrándonos en la explicación e investigación de ello. Hemos establecido un vínculo entre esta responsabilidad social empresarial con las relaciones laborales mediante el estudio y la exposición de los cambios y evolución a una mayor sostenibilidad así como una mayor concienciación empresarial, dando lugar a este nuevo mercado de trabajo.Además de esto, nos hemos centrado en analizar 2 empresas aragonesas que han sido reconocidas como socialmente responsables. Hemos realizado una investigación y análisis de las memorias de sostenibilidad de ambas donde las comparamos y analizamos según su forma de integrarse en esta nueva política de responsabilidad. Junto con esto, hemos realizado también una evolución centrándonos en aspectos concretos de las empresas para poder definir tanto el compromiso como el progreso empresarial en materia de la RSC.Hemos realizado un análisis de cómo dichas empresas ponen en marcha este plan de responsabilidad social, ya que cada empresa requiere planes distintos, proporcionándonos información suficiente para continuar con la comparativa de cada una de ellas y destacar sus puntos fuertes y débiles así como ver los planes de futuro que se podrán desarrollar.<br /

L'interaction entre les infrastructures et le karst. La méthode d'analyse Protekarst

This paper presents the Protekarst method, by which karst protection zones can be mapped after quantifying their main geologi-cal, botanical, zoological, scenic, archaeological, hydrogeological, economic and social characteristics. The method was applied to a sierra in southern Spain. We describe the contribution made by the method to the design of new road infrastructure, and show that it enables us to compare alternative routes, to evaluate the impact made on karst values by previous road construction and to select suitable routes for paths or trails that pass through karst areas of special interest.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech