Marcos de Gobernanza Transnacional para la Innovación Sostenible: El Caso de la Bioeconomía Azul en el Mediterráneo

[EN] Recent developments in innovation policy have challenged the initial assumptions of Smart Specialisation Strategies (S3), initially aimed at promoting innovation for regional growth. In response to the United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the new S3 seeks to address social and sustainable development challenges. The present study sets out to propose an extension of one of these reformed S3 approaches to a multilevel governance setting. The study will propose a governance model suitable to support innovation in the blue bioeconomy those economic activities related to the living resources at sea , in the Mediterranean.[ES] Desarrollos recientes en las políticas de innovación ponen en entredicho las premisas originales de las Estrategias de Especialización Inteligente (S3), inicialmente dirigidas a apoyar la innovación para el crecimiento económico regional. En respuesta a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de la Agenda 2030 de Naciones Unidas, las nuevas S3 buscan atacar retos de desarrollo sostenible y social. El presente estudio propone la extensión de una de estas nuevas S3 a un entorno de gobernanza multinivel, avanzando un modelo de gobernanza que apoye innovación en la bioeconomía azul actividades económicas relacionadas con recursos marinos vivos , en el Mediterráneo.Los autores agradecen el apoyo de Xavier Díaz (CREDA-UPC-IRTA) en la recolección de datos. Asimismo, agradecen los comentarios de los asistentes en el XIII Congreso de Economía Agroalimentaria y de los revisores anónimos de la revista. Por último, agradecen el apoyo prestado por el área de promoción económica del Gobierno catalán, en el marco del proyecto Interreg MED Blue Bio Med (https://blue-bio-med. interreg-med.eu/). Esto proyecto ha sido financiado parcialmente el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), dentro del proyecto Blue Bio Med.Fernández-Guerrero, D.; Palazzolo-Henkes, R.; Alba, MF.; Ramírez-Rodríguez, S.; Reig-Puig, L. (2022). Transnational Governance Frameworks for Sustainable Innovation: The Case Of The Blue Bioeconomy In The Mediterranean. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 22(2):73-96. https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2022.02.04739622

Clima organizacional y su influencia en el desempeño del personal de la Empresa de Transportes Huáscar S.A. 2016

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad revisar el Clima Organizacional y su influencia en el Desempeño del personal de la empresa de Transportes Huáscar S.A. 2016, Asimismo, la investigación tiene como objetivo general: determinar el Clima Organizacional y su influencia en el desempeño del personal de la empresa de Transportes Huáscar S.A. 2016. En la empresa Transportes Huáscar S.A., los trabajadores vienen presentando, problemas de rendimiento, como pobre motivación y falta de compromiso, en la realización de sus actividades de trabajo, lo que se traduce en los bajos niveles de desempeño laboral. Lamentablemente la empresa no ha podido revertir esta situación; situación que lejos de arreglarse se acentúa cada día más. El trabajo de investigación incluye información pública, y material tomado sobre otras investigaciones relacionadas con el tema central, además, se presenta textos e informes que forman parte del Marco Teórico.The purpose of this research work is to review the Organizational Climate and its influence on the performance of the personnel of the company Transportes Huáscar SA 2016, likewise the research has as a general objective: to determine the Organizational Climate and its influence on the performance of personnel of the company Transportes Huáscar SA 2016. In the company Transportes Huáscar SA, workers have been presenting performance problems, such as low motivation and lack of commitment, in the performance of their work activities, which translates into low levels of work performance. Unfortunately, the company has not been able to reverse this situation; situation that, far from being fixed, is accentuated more every day. The research work includes public information, and material extracted from other investigations related to the central theme, in addition, texts and reports that are part of the Theoretical Framework are presented

Sustainable mold biomachining for the manufacturing of microfluidic devices

Biomachining has been investigated as a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional prototyping techniques for molding polymeric materials for their subsequent use as microfluidic devices. A novel and simple process based on the combination of a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive mask and a varnish has been proposed for preparing metal workpieces as an alternative to photolithography, with the latter being the most widely used technique for protecting workpieces. As far as the bioprocess is concerned, it has been applied in successive mold-etching and oxidant bio-regeneration stages. Metal solubilization has proven to be repeatable in several consecutive mold-etching stages when using the regenerated oxidant solution. As a result, the lifespan of the biomachining medium has been prolonged, contributing to process sustainability. An equation with two restrictions has been proposed to predict the time required to obtain a mold with a fixed height, as metal solubilization evolves differently between the first and subsequent hours. Finally, the bio-engraved copper pieces have acted as effective molds in the fabrication of self-powered polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic devices. This new biomachining application is therefore an effective and ecofriendly process for producing microfluidic devices.This work was supported by the State Agency for Research (AEI) of the Spanish Government-European Regional Development Fund (FEDER-ERDF, EU) [grant number: CTM2016-77212-P], Spain’s Ministry of Science and Education [grant number: PID2020-120313 GB-I00/AIE/10.13039/501100011033], and the Basque Government’s Department of Education for the consolidation of research groups [grant number: IT1633-22]. Professor L. N. López de la Calle is acknowledged for his assistance with the copper samples

TALES : Integración de tesis en una biblioteca digital avanzada

The creation of an electronic theses repository in the frame of the project University Digital Libraries for All (U-DL-A) is an initiative set out to explore the issues in the development of high quality digital services and collections is presented. With it, the library and departments will not have to worry about space restrictions or time schedules; moreover, theses will be available to all interested parties at any time on the Web. In order to make these services possible, various tools were developed. These tools include automated reception, thesis visualization and searching. We emphasize searching and browsing at the level of thesis units (such as figures, tables and others). In this way, the user can access any specific unit and from there go to any other thesis unit or to the whole document. Presenting the theses by units reduces loading time and rapidly gives the user a good idea about their contentSe presenta la creación de una colección de tésis en el marco del proyecto University Digital Libraries for All (U-DL-A) es una iniciativa que explora aspectos del desarrollo de servicios y colecciones pra bibliotecas digitales. Evitará las restricciones del espacio físico y las tésis estarán disponibles para todos los interesados en cualquier momento en Internet. para hacer posible estos servicios se desarrollaron varias herramientas que incluyen desde la recepción electrónica de la tésis hasta la búsqueda y visualización de la misma. Se enfatizó la navegación y búsqueda por elementos de las tésis (figuras, tablas y otros). De esta manera el usuario podrá visualizar la selección específica y de ahí ir a cualquier otra parte del documento si así lo desea. Presentar la tesis por partes reduce el tiempo de descarga de la página y ayuda al usuario a darse una idea rápida de su contenido. (a

Enfermedad periodontal e higiene bucal en escolares

Se realizó un estudio en 294 niños, en edades comprendidas entre 6 y 12 años del municipio Güines, Provincia La Habana, en el período comprendido desde noviembre del 2003 hasta junio del 2004, con la finalidad de determinar la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal y el grado de higiene bucal. Fueron utilizados los índices gingival de Löe y Silness y el de placa de Silness y Löe. Se realizaron técnicas de grupo focal y nominal para facilitar la recolección de información cualitativa, que nos permitió identificar los principales problemas y establecer sus prioridades. Se determinó que la prevalencia de la Enfermedad Periodontal es considerablemente alta en el universo estudiado, la gravedad se mantiene en los valores más bajos del Índice Gingival de Löe y Silness, no siendo significativa la relación entre la enfermedad periodontal con la edad y el sexo. En el grupo estudiado existe un predominio de Higiene Bucal deficiente y una correlación significativa entre esta y la enfermedad periodontal. Los problemas de Salud identificados permitirán en el futuro la elaboración de una estrategia de intervención con la más amplia participación intersectorial y vinculando la labor del Especialista de Periodoncia con la Atención Primaria de Salud

Impacts of a hydroinfiltrator rainwater harvesting system on soil moisture regime and groundwater distribution for olive groves in semi-arid Mediterranean regions

Dry periods in semi-arid regions constitute one of the greatest hazardous features that agriculture faces. This study investigates the effects of using a new device called ‘Hydroinfiltrator Rainwater Harvesting System (HRHS) on the water balance of soils. It was designed for arid and semi-arid zones affected by long periods of drought punctuated by heavy rainstorms. The new hydroinfiltrator consists of a net-like shell filled mainly with biochar. It is cylindrical in shape, is placed vertically and is half-buried in the soil around the crop tree to facilitate the infiltration of rainwater, irrigation or runoff water deep into the soil. The experimental plot is located in Baena (Córdoba, southern Spain) in an olive grove where the hydroinfiltrator was installed in 90 olive trees while 10 were left as a control group. In the xeric climate (bordering on arid), typical of the region, soils without a hydroinfiltrator have had a low infiltration rate, which reduces the effectiveness of precipitation and significantly increases the risk of water erosion. The effects of infiltration assisted by the device were analysed by simulating a torrential rain in which 600 L of water were passed through the hydroinfiltrator on an olive tree which had been installed 3 years previously. Geophysical methods (electrical resistivity tomography, ERT), direct analyses of soil samples, both in situ and in the laboratory, and theoretical flow models indicated a very significant increase in soil moisture (which nearly tripled in respect to the control group) because water was absorbed into the soil quickly, preventing runoff and water erosion. The soil moisture at 20 cm depth was 2.97 times higher with the HRHS than in the control plots. In addition, olive production increased by 211% and was higher in fat yield by 177%. Moreover, the resistivity profiles, taken by ERT showed that the water that entered the soil accumulated in the root zone of the olive tree, encouraged by the preferential pathways created by the roots and away from the surface, which prevented rapid evaporation during the high temperatures of spring and summer. Here we show for the first time that the use of the hydroinfiltrator rainwater harvesting system represents a significant improvement in the use of scarce water resources caused by climate change, providing agronomic and environmental benefits for rainfed, Mediterranean agricultural systems

A methodology for probabilistic assessment of solar thermal power plants yield

AIP Conference Proceedings 1850, 140006-1–140006-7A detailed knowledge of the solar resource is a critical point to perform an economic feasibility analysis of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants. This knowledge must include its magnitude (how much solar energy is available at an area of interest over a long time period), and its variability over time. In particular, DNI inter-annual variations may be large, increasing the return of investment risk in CSP plant projects. This risk is typically evaluated by means of the simulation of the energy delivered by the CSP plant during years with low solar irradiation, which are typically characterized by annual solar radiation datasets with high probability of exceedance of their annual DNI values. In this context, this paper proposes the use meteorological years representative of a given probability of exceedance of annual DNI in order to realistically assess the inter-annual variability of energy yields. The performance of this approach is evaluated in the location of Burns station (University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Laboratory), where a 34- year (from 1980 to 2013) measured data set of solar irradiance and temperature is available

High-Dimensional Analysis of Single-Cell Flow Cytometry Data Predicts Relapse in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia is one of the most common cancers in childhood, with 20% of patients eventually relapsing. Flow cytometry is routinely used for diagnosis and follow-up, but it currently does not provide prognostic value at diagnosis. The volume and the high-dimensional character of this data makes it ideal for its exploitation by means of Artificial Intelligence methods. We collected flow cytometry data from 56 patients from two hospitals. We analysed differences in intensity of marker expression in order to predict relapse at the moment of diagnosis. We finally correlated this data with biomolecular information, constructing a classifier based on CD38 expression. Artificial intelligence methods may help in unveiling information that is hidden in high-dimensional oncological data. Flow cytometry studies of haematological malignancies provide quantitative data with the potential to be used for the construction of response biomarkers. Many computational methods from the bioinformatics toolbox can be applied to these data, but they have not been exploited in their full potential in leukaemias, specifically for the case of childhood B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia. In this paper, we analysed flow cytometry data that were obtained at diagnosis from 56 paediatric B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia patients from two local institutions. Our aim was to assess the prognostic potential of immunophenotypical marker expression intensity. We constructed classifiers that are based on the Fisher's Ratio to quantify differences between patients with relapsing and non-relapsing disease. We also correlated this with genetic information. The main result that arises from the data was the association between subexpression of marker CD38 and the probability of relapse

Geomorphological, chronological, and paleoenvironmental context of the Mousterian site at Roca San Miguel (Arén, Huesca, Spain) from the penultimate to the last glacial cycle

The Roca San Miguel (RSM) archaeological site was occupied during Mousterian times. Here we present a geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the site. Five stratigraphic units (A to E) formed by different archaeological levels are identified. Three optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages show that Unit A dates to between 169.6 ± 9.1 and 151.9 ± 11.1 ka, during the penultimate glacial period (PGP), and contains numerous signs of recurring hearths. Unit B is unexcavated. Unit C dates to between 118.9 ± 11.5 and 103.4 ± 6.9 ka (late Eemian–marine isotope stage (MIS) 5d) and shows an abundance of lithic remains as well as some faunal elements. Unit C is covered by Unit D, which incorporates materials moved downslope, and is dated at 81.2 ± 4.7 ka. These OSL ages concur with U/Th ages (129.3 ± 1.5 and 123.6 ± 0.6 ka) derived from a flowstone covered by both -C and Dpost-flowstone units. Finally, Unit E covers the archaeological site, which was partially eroded during MIS2. The robust and well-constrained chronology of the RSM site and surroundings enables the establishment of its evolutionary model from the PGP to the last glacial cycle. The RSM site is the oldest Neanderthal occupation accurately dated in the Pre-Pyrenean region.This research was supported by the Gaps and Sites (HAR2017-85023-P) and Gaps and Dates (PID2020-116598GB-I00) projects, funded by the MINECO/MICIN-AEI/FEDER, Spain/EU; and by the Research Group P3A from the Aragón Government (H14_20R).Peer reviewe

Mutations in TP53 and JAK2 are independent prognostic biomarkers in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

[EN]Background: In B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), the identification of additional genetic alterations associated with poor prognosis is still of importance. We determined the frequency and prognostic impact of somatic mutations in children and adult cases with B-ALL treated with Spanish PETHEMA and SEHOP protocols. Methods: Mutational status of hotspot regions of TP53, JAK2, PAX5, LEF1, CRLF2 and IL7R genes was determined by next-generation deep sequencing in 340 B-ALL patients (211 children and 129 adults). The associations between mutation status and clinicopathological features at the time of diagnosis, treatment outcome and survival were assessed. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS) and relapse rate (RR). Results: A mutation rate of 12.4% was identified. The frequency of adult mutations was higher (20.2% vs 7.6%, P=0.001). TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene (4.1%), followed by JAK2 (3.8%), CRLF2 (2.9%), PAX5 (2.4%), LEF1 (0.6%) and IL7R (0.3%). All mutations were observed in B-ALL without ETV6-RUNX1 (P=0.047) or BCR-ABL1 fusions (P<0.0001). In children, TP53mut was associated with lower OS (5-year OS: 50% vs 86%, P=0.002) and EFS rates (5-year EFS: 50% vs 78.3%, P=0.009) and higher RR (5-year RR: 33.3% vs 18.6% P=0.037), and was independently associated with higher RR (hazard ratio (HR)=4.5; P=0.04). In adults, TP53mut was associated with a lower OS (5-year OS: 0% vs 43.3%, P=0.019) and a higher RR (5-year RR: 100% vs 61.4%, P=0.029), whereas JAK2mut was associated with a lower EFS (5-year EFS: 0% vs 30.6%, P=0.035) and a higher RR (5-year RR: 100% vs 60.4%, P=0.002). TP53mut was an independent risk factor for shorter OS (HR=2.3; P=0.035) and, together with JAK2mut, also were independent markers of poor prognosis for RR (TP53mut: HR=5.9; P=0.027 and JAK2mut: HR=5.6; P=0.036). Conclusions: TP53mut and JAK2mut are potential biomarkers associated with poor prognosis in B-ALL patients.European Commision (EC). Funding FP7/SP1/HEALTH. Project Code: 30624