Establishing the Phenolic Composition of Olea europaea L. Leaves from Cultivars Grown in Morocco as a Crucial Step Towards Their Subsequent Exploitation

In Morocco, the recovery of olive agro-industrial by-products as potential sources of high-added value substances has been underestimated so far. A comprehensive quantitative characterization of olive leaves’ bioactive compounds is crucial for any attempt to change this situation and to implement the valorization concept in emerging countries. Thus, the phenolic fraction of olive leaves of 11 varieties (‘Arbequina’, ‘Hojiblanca’, ‘Frantoio’, ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Lechín’, ‘Lucque’, ‘Manzanilla’, ‘Picholine de Languedoc’, ‘Picholine Marocaine’, ‘Picual’ and ‘Verdal’), cultivated in the Moroccan Meknès region, was investigated. Thirty eight phenolic or related compounds (including 16 secoiridoids, nine flavonoids in their aglycone form, seven flavonoids in glycosylated form, four simple phenols, one phenolic acid and one lignan) were determined in a total of 55 samples by using ultrasonic-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-IT MS). Very remarkable quantitative differences were observed among the profiles of the studied cultivars. ‘Picholine Marocaine’ variety exhibited the highest total phenolic content (around 44 g/kg dry weight (DW)), and logically showed the highest concentration in terms of various individual compounds. In addition, chemometrics (principal components analysis (PCA) and stepwise-linear discriminant analysis (s-LDA)) were applied to the quantitative phenolic compound data, allowing good discrimination of the selected samples according to their varietal origin.This research was funded by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte) with a FPU fellowship (FPU13/06438), the Vice-Rector’s Office for International Relations and Development Cooperation of the University of Granada, and the contract 30C0366700 (OTRI, University of Granada, Spain

Las políticas de proyección social universitaria en Perú: Realidad y desafíos

The universities in Peru are the trainers of professional cadres for society and companies, and even being concerned about the educational quality for their labor insertion, they have neglected the commitment to be guidance for the development of the sphere of their influence. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of social projection policies in Peruvian universities, determining the role of university social projection in the new Peruvian context and to compare the relationship of social projection / university extension with the processes of training and education. Investigation. It is a methodologically mixed study, it is carried out in the central macro region of Peru in 13 universities: 10 publics and 3 privates. The information is collected by an adapted questionnaire based on the goals and indicators of RSU in social participation designed for URSULA by Vallaeys and Solano (2018). It was applied via email to two key informants for each one. The research was complemented with a checklist and documentary analysis of the university management instruments. The analysis of the structured data concludes that Social Projection as the third fundamental function in Peruvian universities do not have specific public policies, as do other Latin American countries. The absence of social projection policies has led to a weak articulation with the training and research processes with isolated dynamics, which hinders the comprehensive training of the student and interferes with the fulfillment of the university's historical commitment to society. The study also reveals that the function of social projection is devalued as it is considered as a “secondary” task, therefore the university does not participate in the public agenda and cannot promote the territorial development of its sphere of influence.Las universidades en el Perú, son las formadoras de cuadros profesionales para la sociedad y las empresas, y aun estando preocupados por la calidad educativa para su inserción laboral han desatendido el compromiso de ser orientadores del desarrollo del ámbito de su influencia. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las características que presentan las políticas de proyección social en las universidades peruanas, determinando el papel de la proyección social universitaria en el nuevo contexto peruano y comparar la relación de la proyección social/extensión universitaria con los procesos de formación e investigación. Es un estudio mixto metodológicamente, se realiza en la macro región central del Perú en 13 universidades: 10 públicas y 3 privadas. La información es recogida por un cuestionario adaptado sobre la base de las metas e indicadores de RSU en participación social diseñado para la URSULA por Vallaeys y Solano (2018). Se aplicó vía correo electrónico a dos informantes clave por cada una. Se complementó la investigación con una lista de cotejo y el análisis documental de los instrumentos de gestión universitaria.  El análisis de los datos estructurados concluye que la Proyección Social como la tercera función fundamental en las universidades del Perú no cuenta con políticas públicas específicas, como si lo tienen otros países de América Latina. La ausencia de políticas de proyección social ha propiciado una débil articulación con los procesos de formación e investigación con dinámicas aisladas lo que dificulta la formación integral del estudiante e interfiere el cumplimiento del compromiso histórico de la universidad con la sociedad. El estudio devela también que la función de proyección social resulta devaluada al considerarse como tarea “secundarias”, por lo mismo la universidad no participa en la agenda pública y no puede promover el desarrollo territorial de su ámbito de influencia

Beneficial effects of paricalcitol on cardiac dysfunction and remodelling in a model of established heart failure

The synthetic vitamin D3 analogue paricalcitol acts as a selective activator of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). While there is evidence for cardioprotective effects of paricalcitol associated with the VDR pathway, less information is available about the structural and functional cardiac effects of paricalcitol on established heart failure (HF) and particularly its effects on associated electrophysiological or Ca2+ handling remodelling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We used a murine model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to study the effect of paricalcitol on established HF. Treatment was initiated 4 weeks after surgery over five consecutive weeks, and mice were sacrificed 9 weeks after surgery. Cardiac MRI (CMRI) was performed 4 and 9 weeks after surgery. Hearts were used for biochemical and histological studies and to isolate ventricular myocytes for electrophysiological and calcium imaging studies. KEY RESULTS: CMRI analysis revealed that, compared with vehicle, paricalcitol treatment prevented the progression of ventricular dilation and hypertrophy after TAC and halted the corresponding decline in ejection fraction. These beneficial effects were related to the attenuation of intracellular Ca2+ mishandling remodelling, antifibrotic and antihypertrophic effects and potentially antiarrhythmic effects by preventing the reduction of K+ current density and the long QT, JT and TpTe intervals observed in HF animals. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: The results suggest that paricalcitol treatment in established HF hampers disease progression and improves adverse electrophysiological and Ca2+ handling remodelling, attenuating the vulnerability to HF-associated ventricular arrhythmias. Paricalcitol may emerge as a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of HFThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2014- 57190R, SAF2017-84777-R), ISCIII (PI17/01093 and PI17/01344), European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), Sociedad Española de Cardiología (SEC), and CIBER-CV, a network funded by ISCIII. MF-V is a Miguel Servet II researcher of ISCIII (MSII16/00047 Carlos III Health Institute). GR-H is a Miguel Servet I researcher of ISCIII (CP15/00129 Carlos III Health Institute). MT is a predoctoral fellow of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (FPU-17/06135

Construcción de una línea de transmisión de 60 KV y una subestación eléctrica de 50 MVA en Ica

Cada 4 años, las empresas de distribución de energía eléctrica, mediante su PIT (Plan de Inversión de Transmisión) envían una lista de proyectos a Osinergmin, quién evalúa la factibilidad técnica-económica y emite un juicio de aprobarlos o no; así como también, un monto de valorización. En caso el proyecto sea aprobado por el ente regulador, el monto de valorización brindado por Osinergmin será devuelto a la empresa concesionaria con una tasa de rendimiento del 12% en un plazo de 30 años. El proyecto “Construcción de una Línea de Transmisión de 60 KV y una Subestación Eléctrica de 50 MVA en Ica”, consiste en la ingeniería, procura, construcción y gestión de una línea de transmisión (LT) de 10km de longitud, con postes de madera de 21 metros y conductor de aluminio de 240mm2; y una subestación de energía de transformación (SET), compuesta por el transformador de potencia de 50MVA, celdas de MT, seccionadores de barra, tableros de control y protección, pararrayos, malla a tierra, sala de control, caseta y otros componentes. Se han desarrollado los planes de gestión y subsidiarios que se ajustan al proyecto, siguiendo las buenas prácticas y herramientas de gestión que sugiere el PMBOK ® - 6ta. Edición

Galaxy clusters and groups in the ALHAMBRA Survey

We present a catalogue of 348 galaxy clusters and groups with $0.2<z<1.2$ selected in the 2.78 $deg^2$ ALHAMBRA Survey. The high precision of our photometric redshifts, close to $1\%$, and the wide spread of the seven ALHAMBRA pointings ensure that this catalogue has better mass sensitivity and is less affected by cosmic variance than comparable samples. The detection has been carried out with the Bayesian Cluster Finder (BCF), whose performance has been checked in ALHAMBRA-like light-cone mock catalogues. Great care has been taken to ensure that the observable properties of the mocks photometry accurately correspond to those of real catalogues. From our simulations, we expect to detect galaxy clusters and groups with both $70\%$ completeness and purity down to dark matter halo masses of $M_h\sim3\times10^{13}\rm M_{\odot}$ for $z<0.85$. Cluster redshifts are expected to be recovered with $\sim0.6\%$ precision for $z<1$. We also expect to measure cluster masses with $\sigma_{M_h|M^*_{CL}}\sim0.25-0.35\, dex$ precision down to $\sim3\times10^{13}\rm M_{\odot}$, masses which are $50\%$ smaller than those reached by similar work. We have compared these detections with previous optical, spectroscopic and X-rays work, finding an excellent agreement with the rates reported from the simulations. We have also explored the overall properties of these detections such as the presence of a colour-magnitude relation, the evolution of the photometric blue fraction and the clustering of these sources in the different ALHAMBRA fields. Despite the small numbers, we observe tentative evidence that, for a fixed stellar mass, the environment is playing a crucial role at lower redshifts (z$<$0.5).Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Catalogues and figures available online and under the following link: http://bascaso.net46.net/ALHAMBRA_clusters.htm

Three-dimensional aortic geometry mapping via registration of non-gated contrast-enhanced or gated and respiratory-navigated MR angiographies

Aortic aneurysm; Aortic dilation; Magnetic resonance angiographyAneurisma aórtico; Dilatación aórtica; Angiografía por resonancia magnéticaAneurisma aòrtic; Dilatació aòrtica; Angiografia per ressonància magnèticaBackground The measurement of aortic dimensions and their evolution are key in the management of patients with aortic diseases. Manual assessment, the current guideline-recommended method and clinical standard, is subjective, poorly reproducible, and time-consuming, limiting the capacity to track aortic growth in everyday practice. Aortic geometry mapping (AGM) via image registration of serial computed tomography angiograms outperforms manual assessment, providing accurate and reproducible 3D maps of aortic diameter and growth rate. This observational study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of AGM on non-gated contrast-enhanced (CE-) and cardiac- and respiratory-gated (GN-) magnetic resonance angiographies (MRA). Methods Patients with thoracic aortic disease followed with serial CE-MRA (n = 30) or GN-MRA (n = 15) acquired at least 1 year apart were retrospectively and consecutively identified. Two independent observers measured aortic diameters and growth rates (GR) manually at several thoracic aorta reference levels and with AGM. Agreement between manual and AGM measurements and their inter-observer reproducibility were compared. Reproducibility for aortic diameter and GR maps assessed with AGM was obtained. Results Mean follow-up was 3.8 ± 2.3 years for CE- and 2.7 ± 1.6 years for GN-MRA. AGM was feasible in the 93% of CE-MRA pairs and in the 100% of GN-MRA pairs. Manual and AGM diameters showed excellent agreement and inter-observer reproducibility (ICC>0.9) at all anatomical levels. Agreement between manual and AGM GR was more limited, both in the aortic root by GN-MRA (ICC=0.47) and in the thoracic aorta, where higher accuracy was obtained with GN- than with CE-MRA (ICC=0.55 vs 0.43). The inter-observer reproducibility of GR by AGM was superior compared to manual assessment, both with CE- (thoracic: ICC= 0.91 vs 0.51) and GN-MRA (root: ICC=0.84 vs 0.52; thoracic: ICC=0.93 vs 0.60). AGM-based 3D aortic size and growth maps were highly reproducible (median ICC >0.9 for diameters and >0.80 for GR). Conclusion Mapping aortic diameter and growth on MRA via 3D image registration is feasible, accurate and outperforms the current manual clinical standard. This technique could broaden the possibilities of clinical and research evaluation of patients with aortic thoracic diseases.This study has been supported by funding from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (projects PI19/01480, PI20/01727 and PI21/00448), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (RTC2019-007280-1), the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC/FEC-INV-CLI 20/015), and the Biomedical Research Networking Center on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV). Guala A. has received funding from “la Caixa” Foundation (LCF/BQ/PR22/11920008). Garrido-Oliver J. has received funding from Secretaria d′Universitats i Recerca del Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya i del Fons Europeu Social Plus (AGAUR-FI 2023 FI-1 00322 Joan Oró)

The ALHAMBRA survey: Estimation of the clustering signal encoded in the cosmic variance

[Aims]: The relative cosmic variance (σv) is a fundamental source of uncertainty in pencil-beam surveys and, as a particular case of count-in-cell statistics, can be used to estimate the bias between galaxies and their underlying dark-matter distribution. Our goal is to test the significance of the clustering information encoded in the σv measured in the ALHAMBRA survey. [Methods]: We measure the cosmic variance of several galaxy populations selected with B-band luminosity at 0.35 ≤ z< 1.05 as the intrinsic dispersion in the number density distribution derived from the 48 ALHAMBRA subfields. We compare the observational σv with the cosmic variance of the dark matter expected from the theory, σv,dm. This provides an estimation of the galaxy bias b. [Results]: The galaxy bias from the cosmic variance is in excellent agreement with the bias estimated by two-point correlation function analysis in ALHAMBRA. This holds for different redshift bins, for red and blue subsamples, and for several B-band luminosity selections. We find that b increases with the B-band luminosity and the redshift, as expected from previous work. Moreover, red galaxies have a larger bias than blue galaxies, with a relative bias of brel = 1.4 ± 0.2. [Conclusions]: Our results demonstrate that the cosmic variance measured in ALHAMBRA is due to the clustering of galaxies and can be used to characterise the σv affecting pencil-beam surveys. In addition, it can also be used to estimate the galaxy bias b from a method independent of correlation functions.This work has been mainly funded by the FITE (Fondos de Inversiones de Teruel) and the projects AYA2012-30789, AYA2006-14056, and CSD2007-00060. We also acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER funds through grants AYA2010-15081, AYA2010-15169, AYA2010-22111-C03-01, AYA2010-22111-C03-02, AYA2011-29517-C03-01, AYA2012-39620, AYA2013-40611-P, AYA2013-42227-P, AYA2013-43188-P, AYA2013-48623-C2-1, AYA2013-48623-C2-2, ESP2013-48274, AYA2014-58861-C3-1, Aragon Government Research Group E103, Generalitat Valenciana projects Prometeo 2009/064 and PROMETEOII/2014/060, Junta de Andalucia grants TIC114, JA2828, P10-FQM-6444, and Generalitat de Catalunya project SGR-1398. A.J.C. and C.H.-M. are Ramon y Cajal fellows of the Spanish government. A. M. acknowledges the financial support of the Brazilian funding agency FAPESP (Post-doc fellowship - process number 2014/11806-9). M.P. acknowledges financial support from JAE-Doc program of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), co-funded by the European Social Fund.Peer Reviewe

External validity of clinical trials with diverse trastuzumab-based chemotherapy regimens in advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: data from the AGAMENON-SEOM registry

Background: Trastuzumab combined with cisplatin and fluoropyrimidines, either capecitabine or 5-fluorouracile (XP/FP), is the standard first-line treatment for advanced, HER2-positive, gastric cancer patients based on the ToGA trial. Despite the lack of phase III trials, many clinicians administer trastuzumab with alternative regimens. One meta-analysis suggests that substituting cisplatin for oxaliplatin might lead to greater efficacy and less toxicity. Methods: 594 patients with HER2-positive gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma were recruited from the AGAMENON-SEOM registry. The objective was to evaluate the external validity of clinical trials with chemotherapy and trastuzumab. Results: The regimens used in at least 5% of the patients were XP (27%), oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CAPOX) (26%), oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX) (14%), FP (14%), triplet with anthracycline/docetaxel (7%), and carboplatin-FU (5%). Median exposure to trastuzumab was longer with FOLFOX (11.4 months, 95% CI, 9.1-21.0) versus ToGA regimens (7.5, 6.4-8.5), p < 0.001. Patients with HER2-IHC 3+ cancers had higher response rates than those with IHC 2+/FISH+, odds-ratio 1.97 (95% CI, 1.25-3.09). The results achieved with CAPOX-trastuzumab were comparable to those attained with ToGA regimens. FOLFOX-trastuzumab was superior to ToGA schemes in terms of overall survival (OS), with a greater magnitude of effect in IHC 2+/FISH+ tumors (HR 0.47, 0.24-0.92) compared with IHC 3+ (HR 0.69, 0.49-0.96), and in diffuse (HR 0.37, 0.20-0.69) versus intestinal-type tumors (HR 0.76, 0.54-1.06). Conclusion: We have updated the external validity of clinical trials with trastuzumab in first-line treatment of gastric cancer. Our data confirm the comparable outcomes of ToGA regimens and CAPOX-trastuzumab in clinical practice and point toward a possible benefit of FOLFOX-trastuzumab, contingent on the subtypes typically less sensitive to trastuzumab, to be confirmed in clinical trials

La sustancia de la representación: esencia y significado

Catálogo de la exposición colectiva celebrada en la sala de exposiciones de la Facultad de Bellas Artes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid entre el 5 y el 20 de marzo de 2018. La exposición denominada “LA SUSTANCIA DE LA REPRESENTACIÓN. ESENCIA Y SIGNIFICADO” tiene como objetivo mostrar las obras más relevantes y personales de treinta y tres artistas pertenecientes a la facultad de Bellas Artes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Comisariada por Mauro Hernández, Sandra Malvar y Rodrigo Moreno