Metodología de valoración de impacto visual. Aplicación en la playa de el Palmar de Vejer (Cádiz)

El paisaje, expresión sensible del entorno, puede ser analizado desglosando factores escénicos y elementos del paisaje. Este artículo presenta una nueva metodología de valoración de la calidad visual del paisaje aplicada a una actuación urbanística costera en Andalucía, un Plan Parcial en la playa de El Palmar de Vejer (Cádiz). Cuantificando forma, línea, color, textura y escala se mide la calidad del paisaje antes y después de la construcción prevista, y se proponen medidas correctoras del impacto visual.Landscape is sensitive expression of our environment, whose analysis shows different elements and scenic factors. This paper is focused on a new evaluation methodology for visual quality of landscape and visual impact, applied to a proposal of new buildings on the beach of El Palmar de Vejer (Cádiz), in the Spanish region of Andalusia. Landscape quality is measured before and after the planned construction, by quantifying shape, line, color, texture and scale. Corrective measures are proposed to prevent visual impact

The Abel Caballero Phenomenon: running a permanent campaig

[ESP] Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar las razones del éxito del posicionamiento de Abel Caballero desde su llegada a la política de Vigo, donde ha logrado alcanzar un 68% de apoyo y convertirse en el alcalde más votado de la historia en una gran ciudad. Este estudio se sustenta en los elementos que proporciona el marketing y la comunicación política para la construcción de un liderazgo mediante la utilización de una campaña permanente. Además, se identifican las diversas tácticas y estrategias políticas que ha aplicado durante su mandato con el objetivo de maximizar el voto.[GLG] Este traballo ten como obxectivo identificar as razóns do éxito da posición de Abel Caballero dende a súa chegada á política de Vigo, onde logrou acadar un 68% de apoio e converterse no alcalde máis votado da historia nunha gran cidade. Este estudio susténtase nos elementos que proporciona o marketing e a comunicación política para a construción dun liderado mediante a utilización dunha campaña permanente. Ademais, identifícanse as diversas tácticas e estratexias políticas que aplicou durante o seu mandato co obxectivo de maximizar o voto.[ENG] This paper analyses the reasons for the political success of Vigo’s mayor, Abel Caballero, since he started his political career in this city. There, he won 68% of votes, becoming the most voted mayor in a Spanish big city. The study is based on the elements provided by marketing and political communication for a leadership creation through the use of a permanent campaign. It also identifies the different political tactics and strategies used during his term of office with the aim of maximising votes

The Availability of Water in Chile: A Regional View from a Geographical Perspective

Chile is famous for being the longest country in the world from north to south. It means it ranges from polar to desert conditions, water being one of the main limiting factors. In fact, Chile stores a high amount of water (695 mm y−1), but people are not located in the regions where water is more abundant (e.g. in the south). This territorial imbalance is accompanied both by a global context of climate change in which water will be presumably scarcer and by the effects of the current economic activities that are progressively more demanding in water consumption. In this work, we have compared both the current and future availabilities of water for the different regions of Chile in order to provide relevant and useful information on the water balance for land planners. The Metropolitan and Valparaíso regions (Mediterranean climate) along Antofagasta, Atacama, and Tarapacá regions (desert climate) showed the lowest mean values of water availability from 1970 to 2000 (<125 m3 person y−1). In addition, both the optimistic and pessimistic projections for 2050 forecast a significant increase in the aridity of these two central regions, where the crucial axis between the two most important cities (Santiago and Valparaíso) is located

Development and validation of the ADAS scale and prediction of attitudes toward affective-sexual diversity among spanish secondary students

Violence against non-heterosexual adolescents in educational contexts remains a worrying reality, but no adequate attitudes towards affective-sexual diversity (AtASD) measure exists for Spanish adolescent students. We developed a 27-item scale including cognitive, affective and behavioral aspects, which was completed by 696 secondary school students from the Madrid area. Factor analyses suggested a unidimensional model, Cronbach’s alpha indicated excellent scale scores reliability, and item calibration under the Item Response Theory framework showed that the scale is especially informative for homophobic attitudes. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that variables traditionally related to AtASD (gender, age, religion, nationality, perceived parental/peer attitudes, direct contact with LGB people) also were so in our sample. Moreover, interest in sexuality topics and perceived center’s efforts to provide AtASD education were related to better AtASD. Our scale was reliable and valid, and it may also prove useful in efforts to detect those students with homophobic attitudes and to guide intervention

Adaptation of the Accommodation among Romantic Couples Scale (ARCS) to the Spanish Population

Background: The different conflict resolution strategies that couples use are crucial in preserving or ending their relationships. Despite the importance of these strategies, no instrument for measuring them has been adequately adapted to Spanish culture. The goal of this study is to adapt the Accommodation among Romantic Couples Scale to Spanish culture, filling this gap by providing a rigorous instrument to evaluate the construct. Method: A total of 489 participants from the general population responded to the instrument after adaptation. The scale’s psychometric properties were then evaluated from a classical perspective. Results: The indexes of fit from confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fi t to the four-factor structure proposed by the authors of the original scale: voice, loyalty, exit, and neglect. The reliability of these dimensions was similar to that obtained in the original version. Evidence of validity relative to other variables indicated good convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the Accommodation among Romantic Couples Scale is a reliable instrument with sufficient valid evidence to provide accurate measurement of conflict resolution strategies in couple relationships.Antecedentes: las diferentes estrategias de resolución de conflictos en la pareja son un aspecto fundamental en el mantenimiento o la ruptura de las relaciones. A pesar de su importancia, no existe un instrumento de medida adecuadamente adaptado a la cultura española. El objetivo de este estudio es realizar la adaptación al español de la Accommodation among Romantic Couples Scale (ARCS) con la finalidad de suplir dicha carencia y así contar con un instrumento adecuado para evaluar dicho constructo. Método: 489 participantes de población general respondieron al instrumento tras su adaptación. A continuación se evaluaron las propiedades psicométricas de la escala desde la perspectiva clásica. Resultados: los índices de ajuste del análisis factorial confirmatorio indicaron un buen ajuste a la estructura tetrafactorial propuesta por los autores de la escala original: expresión, lealtad, huida y negligencia. La fiabilidad de dichas dimensiones fue similar a la obtenida en la versión original. Las evidencias de validez en relación con otras variables indicaron una adecuada validez tanto convergente como discriminante. Conclusiones: la versión española de la Accommodation among Romantic Couples Scale es un instrumento fiable y con suficientes evidencias de validez para medir las estrategias de resolución de conflictos en la pareja de un modo adecuado.This research was made possible thanks to the financing provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness [Ref.PSI-2017-83966-R (MINECO/AEI/FEDER/ UE)], as well as by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education (Ref.FPU14/02905)

Estudio de AFM del crecimiento epitaxial de rodocrosita sobre la superficie {1014} de calcita

Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEEspaña. Ministerio de Educación y CienciaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma)pu

Anthropology-nursing, perspectives in gender

En numerosas ocasiones nos hemos preguntado por qué una profesión cuyo eje central consiste en la administración de cuidados no se encuentra en un estatus más elevado en la sociedad, máxime cuando es un constructo universal con una gran proyección psicosocial-cultural imprescindibles para la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas y éstas inherentes al ser humano para conseguir un cierto grado de bienestar. ¿Qué factores y poderes son los que influyen en el freno de la profesión de Enfermería?. Un aspecto esencial en el presente artículo es el de reflexionar sobre la influencia del género en la identidad y desarrollo del profesional de enfermería y la relación dicotómica poder médico hegemónico y subordinación de una profesión considerada por la sociedad como profesión femenina.In so many instances have we wondered why a profession where the main topic is caring for people has not reached a higher status in society. Further more when it is a universal construction meaning an important psycho-cultural projection, a must to satisfy human needs when talking about a certain degree of well-fare. What would be the influential factors and powers to prevent nursing profession from reaching a higher status?. A very important aspect in this present study, is that we must reflect over the influence of gender in the identity and development of the nursing profession as much as over the dichotomy hegemonic doctor’s power versus a profession secondarily considered in society as a female profession

Aproximación Proteómica al estudio de las proteínas de membrana expresadas por Botrytis cinerea bajo inducción de patogenicidad

Comunicaciones a congreso

Enrichment of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing bacteria in a membrane bioreactor

The use of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) processes could represent an innovative technology in order to minimize the environmental impact of anaerobic sewage effluents at low temperatures, since these biological processes are able to simultaneously remove nitrite and dissolved methane in anaerobic conditions. Nevertheless, n-damo bacteria are well-known by their reported low activity and slow doubling times which hinders a practical application. On this study, the enrichment on these bacteria was successfully achieved in a membrane bioreactor system at 28 °C. Despite biomass accumulation was not detected, a high apparent specific n-damo activity of 95.5 mg NO2−-N g−1 MLVSS d−1 was achieved after 388 days of operation, being one of the highest nitrite removal rates reported in the literature for n-damo cultures to date. Additionally a slow doubling time of 11.5 d was estimated. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis indicated that Candidatus Methylomirabilis became the most abundant bacterial organism by day 344 with a relative abundance of 50.2%. During the entire experiment ammonium was continuously added to the system as an alternative nitrogen source, to avoid biomass growth limitations. Finally, a relation between permeate nitrite concentrations and nitrous oxide production was found, which allows to optimize the process in terms of the minimization of both nitrogen species. The nitrous oxide emissions represented between 0 and 3.7% of the denitrified nitrogenThe authors acknowledge the financial support received from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the projects HOLSIA and COMETT (CTM2013-46750-R & CTQ2016-80847-R), both co-funded by FEDER. T. Allegue would also like to express his gratitude to the same Ministry for awarding a research scholarship (BES-2014-069114). The authors belong to the Galician Competitive Research Group GRC 2013-032, programme co-funded by FEDER, and to CRETUS (AGRUP2015/02)S

Simultaneous nitrogen and dissolved methane removal from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor effluent using an integrated fixed-film activated sludge system

One of the main drawbacks of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors that treat low-strength sewage at room temperature is related to the low quality of their effluents in terms of dissolved methane, organic matter, and nitrogen content. The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) system as an alternative post-treatment technology to mitigate the environmental impact of such effluents. For this purpose, a pilot plant composed of a UASB (120 L) followed by an IFAS (66 L) system was operated for 407 days. Special attention was paid to the suspended biomass retention capacity and the dissolved methane and nitrogen removal potential of the IFAS post-treatment system. Furthermore, the role of carriers on denitrification and nitrification processes and the microbial communities present in the biofilm were also analyzed. Average total chemical oxygen demand (CODT) and ammonium removal efficiencies of 92 ± 3% and around 57 ± 16% were attained throughout the entire operation, respectively. During a first period in which biomass was maintained in both biofilms and suspension, and nitrite was the main electron acceptor, maximum nitrogen removal and methane removal efficiencies of 32.5 mg TN L-1 and 93% were observed in the IFAS system, respectively. However, throughout the second period, in which suspended biomass was completely washed out from the IFAS system, and nitrate became the main electron acceptor, these values decreased to 18 ± 4 mg TN Lfeed-1 and 77 ± 12%, respectively. Surprisingly, throughout the entire operation, it was observed that around 50 and 41% of the total nitrogen and methane removals observed in the IFAS system, respectively, were carried out in the aerobic compartment. Aerobic methane oxidizers and anammox were detected with significant relative abundances in the biofilm carriers used in the anoxic and aerobic compartments using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis. Therefore, the use of an IFAS system could be suited to diminish greenhouse gas emissions and nutrients concentration for those sewage treatment plants that used UASB systems, especially in countries with temperate and warm climatesThis research was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain through the COMETT project (CTQ2016-80847-R) and by the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain through the Red Novedar project (CTQ2014-51693-REDC). T. Allegue would also like to express his gratitude to the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain for awarding a research scholarship (BES-2014-069114). The authors belong to the Galician Network of Environmental Technologies (ED341D R2016/033) and to the CRETUS Strategic Partnership (ED431E 2018/01), financed by the Galician GovernmentS